Although not everyone shapes history, everyone is present as it unfolds. Recognizing oneself as a witness to history may become especially important in an era marked by frequent landmark events. In this research, we locate individuals in the ongoing process of history and examine its existential benefits. Specifically, we hypothesize that witnessing history (i.e., the subjective sense of witnessing

A common strategy to address social inequity in organizations is to implement mandatory diversity training policies. But how do people react to such mandates? Mandating such training can signal the importance of diversity-related issues (e.g., discrimination), potentially increasing acknowledgment of these problems. However, integrating the theory of psychological reactance (Brehm, 1966) with the notion

The appraisal-tendency framework proposed that specific emotions predispose individuals to appraise future events corresponding to the core appraisal themes of the emotions. In a registered report with a U.S. American online Amazon Mechanical Turk CloudResearch sample (N = 780), we conducted an independent close replication of Experiments 1, 2, and 3 in Lerner and Keltner (2001). We found support for

People's unwillingness to engage with others who hold views that differ from their own-in other words, their lack of receptiveness to opposing views-is a growing problem globally. We explore the possibility that something as simple as how people frame their position can shape disagreeing others' receptiveness to them. Specifically, we investigate the role of support-oppose framing-that is, whether

Intergroup time bias (ITB) is a discriminatory behavior in which individuals invest more time in members of their ingroup than of the outgroup. We examined the ITB effect in three culturally diverse countries (Angola, Portugal, and Brazil), each with distinct racialized hierarchies shaped by symbolic social values and group size dynamics. We systematically examined the robustness and moderators of

Attachment theory (Bowlby, 1973, 1980, 1969/1982) suggests that early interpersonal experiences lay the foundation for the ways people think, feel, and behave in close relationships throughout life. The present study examined this fundamental assumption, analyzing longitudinal data collected from 705 participants and their families over 3 decades, from the time participants were infants until they

The English poet John Milton portrayed truth as a powerful warrior capable of defeating falsehood in open combat. The spread of false information online suggests otherwise. Here, we test the persuasive power and transmission potential of true versus false messages in a controlled experimental setting, free from the effects of social media algorithms and bot amplification. Across four experiments (combined

In the United States, encounters among police officers and civilians are laden with the potential for dangerous outcomes. At the same time, the ubiquity of digital and social media has made observing violent police-civilian encounters easier than ever. Perhaps consequently, recent evidence suggests that Americans automatically associate the police with and behaviorally respond to officers as a source

Big Five personality traits and states are positively associated with each other. However, most of this knowledge is based on intrapersonal perception (i.e., either self- or partner reports), and little is known about the associations based on interpersonal perception (i.e., combining self- and partner reports). Such knowledge, however, would be crucial in understanding how accurately close others

While many social biases are considered taboo, bias against political outgroups is increasingly explicit, ubiquitous, and tolerated. We contend that expressing political bias can reduce third-party perceptions of socially unacceptable biases-a phenomenon we call political plausible deniability. By diverting attributions away from biases based on race, gender, or sexual orientation, individuals can

Which mental process reveals one's authentic preference-deliberative reasoning or one's gut impulses? The existing literature offers conflicting answers to this question: Some research suggests that people generally see deliberation as more fundamental, while other work suggests that people see intuition as more fundamental. This article argues that belief in a true self provides a unifying framework

Becoming a parent is a major life event associated with changes in psychological well-being. Existing research has often focused on the long-term development of trait well-being, leaving several gaps unaddressed. The current preregistered study employed three waves of intensive longitudinal data, including 7-day experience sampling data per wave, to investigate psychological well-being trajectories

Theories of personality development emphasize the continuity between who we are as a child and who we are as an adult. The conceptual overlap in influential trait taxonomies designed for children (Rothbart's temperament model) and adults (the Big Five personality) has reinforced theories about developmental continuity, but key hypotheses remain untested because no studies have linked these trait models

We examine the equality preferences of resource allocators, finding that a ubiquitous situational factor-the mere number of recipients (N)-shapes the trade-offs these allocators make between their equality concerns and other considerations. Specifically, our studies offer evidence for an N-Equality effect: Third-party allocators become less concerned about inequality as the number of recipients increases

Predicting team dynamics from personality traits remains a fundamental challenge for the psychological sciences and team-based organizations. Understanding how team composition shapes team processes can significantly advance team-based research along with providing practical guidelines for team staffing and training. Although the input-process-output model has been a useful theoretical framework for

For the past decade, the United States spent hundreds of billions of dollars annually on public welfare programs, yet over 30% of eligible individuals do not access benefits distributed through these programs. We propose that a key barrier to program participation is miscalibrated perception of public stigma-individuals' pessimistic impressions of the stigma with which the general public regards welfare-eligible

Reports the notice of retraction of "Here one time, gone the next: Fluctuations in support received and provided predict changes in relationship satisfaction across the transition to parenthood" by Jami Eller, Yuthika U. Girme, Brian P. Don, W. Steven Rholes, Kristin D. Mickelson and Jeffry A. Simpson (Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2023[May], Vol 124[5], 971-1000; see record 2023-15847-001)

Discrimination remains a key challenge for social equity. A prerequisite for effective individual and societal responses to discrimination is that instances of it are detected. Yet, prejudice and discriminatory intent are rarely directly observable and the presence of discrimination has to be inferred from circumstantial evidence, such as the over- or underrepresentation of certain individuals (i.e