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Optimization and Simulation of Flat Area Sites Based on Probability Matching and Transfer Intensity Using Remote Sensing Precipitation Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-14 Chen Yu, Huaiyong Shao, Xingchuan Yang, Gang Liu, Qi Xin, Jiaming Gu
The accuracy and continuity of records from rain gauge networks, as critical sources of precipitation data, directly influence the reliability of subsequent meteorological, land surface, and hydrological studies. Despite generally high recording accuracy, the sparse distribution of sites within these networks is prevalent. Achieving a balance between precision and enhanced spatial coverage of precipitation
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Sphagnum Peatland Hydrological Balance Shows High Groundwater Dependence and Resilience to Short-Term Dry Periods Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-13 Meeruppage Gunawardhana, Sarah Treby, Ewen Silvester, Oliver A. H. Jones, Samantha Grover
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Causal Attribution of the Interannual Variability in Flood Peaks Through Bayesian Networks Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-18 J. S. Nanditha, Gabriele Villarini, Hanbeen Kim, Philippe Naveau
Classical regression models, due to the limited computational expense and good performance, can be used for the attribution of interannual variability in flood peaks. However, these models capture the relation between predictand (i.e., flood peaks) and predictors (i.e., climate variables), suffering from the disconnect between correlation and causation. Here, we utilize a causal Bayesian Network model
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Soil Moisture Time Series Using Gamma-Ray Spectrometry Detection Representing a Scale of Tens-of-Meters Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-14 Mie Andreasen, Steven Van der Veeke, Han Limburg, Ronald Koomans, Majken Caroline Looms
Recently, stationary gamma-ray spectrometry (GRS) detection was introduced in the field of hydrology for continuous soil moisture estimation at a unique spatial scale of tens-of-meters. This method offers promise for applications such as early warning systems for emerging droughts and floods, ecosystem health evaluation, and optimizing agricultural practices. Initial research has primarily focused
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How Global Atmospheric Circulation Indirectly Influences Streamflow Variations in Karst Basin Through Rainfall Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-18 Benjin Yu, Rui Li, Feiyang Cai, Zhenhong Yi, Chaoyang Xue, Wanquan Zhang
Global climate change has profoundly influenced atmospheric circulation systems, with frequent heavy rainfall events crucial in determining long-term hydrological trends. However, the specific mechanisms by which atmospheric circulation regulates rainfall variability and subsequently affects river streamflow remain inconclusive, particularly in ecologically fragile and geomorphologically complex karst
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A Physically Based Model for Non-Point Source Pollutant Wash-Off Process Over Impervious Surfaces Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-16 Xue Tong, Qiuhua Liang, Graham Sander, Gang Wang, Xijun Lai
Physically based urban wash-off modeling presents a promising approach for investigating the dynamics of road-deposited sediments (RDS) and the associated pollutants during rainfall events. This paper proposes a novel physically based model to predict urban wash-off process over impervious surfaces, where raindrop-induced detachment, flow-driven detachment and deposition are computed separately. This
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Buoyancy-Tilted Shear Layers and Coherent Structures in Hyperpycnal River Plume Plunging Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-18 H. Shi, M. E. Negretti, J. Chauchat, K. Blanckaert, U. Lemmin, D. A. Barry
Shear layers and corresponding Kelvin Helmholtz-type Coherent Structures (KHCS) can be generated by rivers discharging into laterally-unconfined quiescent open water bodies (e.g., lakes). When the river discharge has a greater density than the receiving water due to temperature and/or suspended sediment, both the shear layers and KHCS will be influenced by the negative buoyancy of the plume and thus
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Prediction of the Annual Variation of Groundwater Depth and Its Probability Based on MCAR Model and Copula Functions: A Case Study in Beijing, China Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-18 Yan Han, Xiaoling Zhang, Aifeng Lv, Wenbin Zhu
Groundwater (GW) is the primary water source of socio-economic development in water-deficient regions, and long-term overexploitation may cause GW depletion and deterioration. In this study, after analyzing the relationship between GW level and related factors, the main influencing factors were identified from the perspective of climate change and human activity. A novel and comprehensive prediction
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Flume Experiments With Refractive-Index Matched Sediment Revealing the Impact of Two In-Line Channel-Spanning Logs on Hyporheic Exchange Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-14 S. H. Huang, A. H. Sawyer, E. Wohl, J. Q. Yang
In-channel wood, a critical component of forested rivers, has the capacity to enhance hyporheic flow. This process facilitates the continuous exchange of gases, solutes, and nutrients across the sediment-water interface, regulating pollutant transport and biogeochemical cycles in rivers. When two wood structures are in close proximity, the hyporheic flows induced by each log can interact, yet such
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Evaluation of ECOSTRESS Collection 2 Evapotranspiration Products: Strengths and Uncertainties for Evapotranspiration Modeling Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-14 Zoe Amie Pierrat, Adam J. Purdy, Gregory Halverson, Joshua B. Fisher, Kanishka Mallick, Madeleine Pascolini-Campbell, Youngryel Ryu, Martha C. Anderson, Claire Villanueva-Weeks, Margaret C. Johnson, Brenna Hatch, Evan Davis, Yun Yang, Kerry Cawse-Nicholson
The ECOsystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station (ECOSTRESS) collects thermal observations from the International Space Station to support evapotranspiration (ET) research at fine spatial resolutions (70 m × 70 m). Initial ET from ECOSTRESS Collection 1 was used in scientific research and applications, though subsequent analyses identified areas for improvement. This study outlines
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Synthetic Ensemble Forecasts: Operations-Based Evaluation and Inter-Model Comparison for Reservoir Systems Across California Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-12 Zachary P. Brodeur, William Taylor, Jonathan D. Herman, Scott Steinschneider
Synthetic ensemble forecasts are an important tool for testing the robustness of forecast-informed reservoir operations (FIRO). These forecasts are statistically generated to mimic the skill of hindcasts derived from operational ensemble forecasting systems, but they can be created for time periods when hindcast data are unavailable, allowing for a more comprehensive evaluation of FIRO policies. Nevertheless
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A Novel Stream Network Upscaling Scheme for Accurate Local Streamflow Simulations in Gridded Global Hydrological Models Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-12 P. K. Shrestha, L. Samaniego, O. Rakovec, R. Kumar, S. Thober
Large-scale hydrological models are progressing toward sub-kilometer resolutions to achieve “locally relevant hydrological simulations.” However, grid-based domain representations introduce significant errors in streamflow within small catchments, a challenge that remains unresolved by state-of-the-art modeling schemes, such as 8-directional gridded routing (D8). Here, we introduce the Subgrid Catchment
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Structural Connectivity Shaped by Cryospheric Degradation Modulates Sediment Transport Dynamics in High Mountain Asia Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-10 Jinlong Li, Genxu Wang, Jiapei Ma, Peng Huang, Chunlin Song, Shouqin Sun, Linmao Guo, Kai Li, Haoyu Wang, Dongfeng Li, Admin Husic
Rapid atmospheric warming has transformed cryospheric landscapes, affecting sediment transport processes. However, our understanding of hillslope and riverine connectivity in large headwaters remains limited. Here, we apply the Index of Connectivity (IC) to model structural connectivity for High Mountain Asia (HMA). Significant spatial heterogeneity in structural connectivity is observed across hillslope
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Advancing Evapotranspiration Modeling With Optimized Soil and Canopy Resistance Combinations Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-10 Jinfeng Zhao, Shikun Sun, Yali Yin, Yihe Tang, Chong Li, Yongshan Liang, Yubao Wang, Alexander Winkler, Shijie Jiang
Dual-source remotely sensed evapotranspiration (ET) models require accurate separation of soil evaporation (Es), plant transpiration (Ec), and precipitation interception (Ei) based on soil and canopy resistances. Despite the availability of several ET products and algorithms, comprehensive evaluations of resistance configurations remain scarce. This study systematically evaluates various combinations
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River Network Connectivity Reductions Dominate Declines in the Richness of Plateau Fish Species Under Climate Change in the Upper Yangtze River Basin Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-12 Xiongfeng Bai, Peng Zhang, Lihua Xiong, Zhi Yang, Siyang Wang, Xianghong Dong, Heying Sun, Wenbin Li, Jianbo Chang
Anthropogenic climate change and disrupted river network connectivity are major factors affecting freshwater fish richness. However, the distribution patterns of this parameter under the combined influence of climate change and reduced river connectivity resulting from hydroelectric development remain unclear. Here, we projected shifts in the richness of Schizothoracinae fish species, the most dominant
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A Bare-Earth GoogleDEM to Simulate Flooding in New Delhi, India Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-12 Yinxue Liu, Paul Bates, Jeffrey Charles Neal, Louise Slater, Jie Zhao, Zvika Ben-Haim
Accurate flood mapping in urban environments remains a critical yet challenging task. The primary challenge lies in the accuracy of widely available topographic data, a key constraint when employing hydrodynamic models for large-scale inundation mapping. Recent advances in Very High-Resolution satellite Photogrammetry Digital Elevation Models offer a promising solution to mitigate this limitation.
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Comment on “On the Use of the Term ‘Evapotranspiration’” by Miralles et al. (2020) Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-10 Sate Ahmad, Jennifer McElwain, Richard Nair, Laurence Gill
In their 2020 commentary, Miralles et al. suggest reconsidering the use of the term “evapotranspiration” in favor of retaining the traditional term “evaporation” to refer to the vaporization of water from all surfaces, including plants. Their critique is based on four points: (a) historical controversy, (b) perceived redundancy, (c) aggregation of multiple processes leading to complexity, and (d) inconsistency
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The Importance of Bottom Friction on Thermal Structure During Freezing of Small Shallow Lakes in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-11 Mengxiao Wang, Lijuan Wen, Lauri Arvola, Victor Stepanenko, Dongsheng Su
There are numerous seasonal ice-covered lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), which significantly influence local climate and lake ecosystems through thermal processes. Two QTP lakes, Ngoring (NL) and BLH-A (BL), have similar latitudes, altitudes and climatic conditions. However, observed water temperature when freezing is lower in NL (about 0.5°C) and higher in BL (about 4°C). According to the
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Pore-Scale Study of Non-Clogging Accumulation Effects on Microgel Particle Transport and Multiphase Displacements in Porous Media Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-10 Xukang Lu, Qiangqiang Li, Jiajun Chen, Tianjiang Wu, Wenhai Lei, Moran Wang
Particle transport in subsurface porous media under multiphase flow conditions is widely concerned in many practical applications. Previous studies have focused on retention behaviors and interfacial effects, ignoring the unique role of pronounced rheological effect under dilute conditions. Here, we investigate how accumulation effect reshapes microgel particle transport and immiscible displacement
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Taking It for the Team: How Communication and Voting Increases Social Acceptance of Recycled Water Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-07 Diya Ganguly, Olesya M. Savchenko, Julia Parker, Kent D. Messer
Recycled water offers significant societal benefits, yet public acceptance remains a critical barrier to its use. In this study, we evaluate how communication and group voting rules influence study participants' acceptance of recycled water. Using a framed economic field experiment with 211 adults from the mid-Atlantic region of the United States, we measured the participants' willingness to accept
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Impact of Multiscale Heterogeneous Sediments and Boundary Conditions on Dispersivity Spatial Variations Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-10 Ziqi Ma, Linlin Qi, Zhenxue Dai, Zhijie Yang, Yue Ma, Dayong Wang, Kenneth C. Carroll, Mohamad Reza Soltanian
This study investigates the factors influencing the scale dependence of dispersivity and the dispersivity upscaling theory in heterogeneous sediments. A series of tracer experiments are first conducted to reveal the evolution of dispersivity across scales. These experiments contain various sedimentary structures, including several nearly-homogeneous column tests, a heterogeneous column test, a horizontally
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Effects of Benthic Burrows on Hyporheic Exchange Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-08 Kaiwen Zhang, Guangqiu Jin, Guangming Zhang, Hongwu Tang, Siyi Zhang, Hexiang Chen, D. A. Barry, Zhongtian Zhang
Macrobenthic invertebrates are widely distributed on sediments, and the micro-morphology such as burrows and sand mounds due to their bioturbation activities can cause substantial changes in hyporheic exchange (HE). This study explores the characteristics of HE induced by benthic burrows through flume experiments and numerical simulations, focusing on the influence of burrow depth, mound height, and
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Assessing Groundwater Drought Hazard in Groundwater Depletion Regions: Recommendations for Large-Scale Drought Early Warning Systems Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-09 Claudia Herbert, Petra Döll
In groundwater depletion (GWD) regions, negative trends in groundwater storage (GWS) are problematic for groundwater drought detection, since they mask climate-induced drought signals. As this is not yet considered in any large-scale drought early warning system (LDEWS), we used GWS from the global hydrological model WaterGAP 2.2e to investigate, for the first time at the global scale, how groundwater
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A Novel Three-Phase Interface Premelting Theory for Determining Unfrozen Water Content in Unsaturated Soil Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-07 Xusheng Wan, Jishuai Zhu, Wansheng Pei, Weibo Liu, Fengxi Zhou
The soil above the water table in the shallow layers of the Earth is typically unsaturated, and understanding the complicated multiphase contact modes and interactions in unsaturated is crucial for accurately simulating multi-physical field coupling and predicting foundation deformation in frozen soil region. In this study, a theoretical model for unfrozen water content in unsaturated soils by integrating
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Brine Drying and Salt Precipitation in Sandy Soil and Its Impact on Thermal Conductivity Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-04 H. Zhang, A. M. Tang, B. Zhao
Saline water evaporation and salt precipitation in porous media are prevalent in many arid and coastal areas, posing significant environmental and engineering challenges while offering the possibility of enhancing the thermal conductivity of granular materials. Evaluating the impact of salt precipitation and developing effective strategies to manage and utilize saline soils in affected regions requires
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Modeling Annual Total Organic Nitrogen Concentrations in Streams Using Machine Learning at National Scale Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-04 Rasmus R. Frederiksen, Søren E. Larsen, Henrik Tornbjerg, Hans Thodsen, Brian Kronvang
Understanding and quantifying total organic nitrogen (TON) concentrations in streams and their spatial variation is essential for accurately assessing their importance for total nitrogen (TN) loadings to coastal waters and the possible sources of TON in the landscape. Total organic nitrogen constitutes almost 20% of the TN riverine loadings to Danish coastal waters. We used environmental monitoring
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Widespread Sensitivity of Grassland Water Use Efficiency to Deep Soil Moisture on the Tibetan Plateau Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-03 Yang Liu, Cheng Chen, Qiuwen Chen, Jianyun Zhang, Zhen Cui, Zhenzhong Zeng
Water use efficiency (WUE, the ratio of gross primary productivity to evapotranspiration (ET)) is a robust indicator of ecosystem response to climate change, with soil moisture serving as a crucial determinant. Soil moisture varies across soil layers due to ET and soil structure, thereby differentially impacting vegetation. However, the influence of soil moisture at various soil layers on grassland
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Permafrost and Rain Influence Summer Hydrologic Flowpaths in Boreal Catchments Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-04 Karen L. Jorgenson, Thomas A. Douglas, M. Torre Jorgenson, Neal J. Pastick, Tamara K. Harms
Flowpaths of water through catchments influence water quality and flow regimes of streams. Depths of dominant flowpaths respond to variation in climate and catchment characteristics, such as topography, vegetation, and soil type. In high-latitude regions, the depth and spatial extent of permafrost influences catchment hydrology, and thawing permafrost might change sources and pathways of water supplying
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Gravel Replenishment Downstream of Dams: Insights From a Flume Experiment in a Straight Embanked Channel Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-04 Junjian Deng, Guillaume Brousse, Magali Jodeau
Gravel replenishment (GR) is a common strategy to mitigate the negative effects of sediment deficit caused by dam regulation. However, its effectiveness in restoring dam-regulated embanked gravel-bed rivers with alternate bars is still unclear. It is of particular interest to understand how bar morphology evolves under GR and how replenished channel's response varies according to the presence or absence
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Propagation From Atmospheric Water Deficit to Lake Drought in Lake Basins Across China: Implications for Lake Drought Management Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-03 Dan Zhang, Xiaomang Liu, Xianghu Li, Kaiwen Wang, Xingwang Fan, Canyu Yuan
Global lakes are expected to witness a growing incidence of droughts under climate warming, but the propagation from atmospheric water deficit (AWD) to lake drought, mediated by basin water deficit (BWD) as a key intermediary, remains underexplored at the lake basin scale. This study investigated the propagation from AWD to lake drought in 1,617 lake basins across China using a copula-based approach
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Joule-Thomson Cooling During CO2 Injection Under Unsteady-State Delayed Heat Exchange Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-04 Christina Chesnokov, Kofi Ohemeng Kyei Prempeh, Rouhi Farajzadeh, Pavel Bedrikovetsky
Joule-Thomson cooling during CO2 injection into low-pressure fields can lead to injectivity impairment due to hydrate formation. This paper presents axial-symmetric flow model, which can be used to predict propagation of temperature and CO2 fronts during CO2 injection into porous formations accounting for Joule-Thomson cooling and unsteady-state delayed heat exchange between the reservoir and the adjacent
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An Analytical Approach for Quantifying the Role of Vapor Pressure Deficit in Soil Moisture Depletion During Flash Droughts Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-03 Vishal Singh, Tushar Apurv
Several studies have attributed the rapid drying during flash droughts to vapor pressure deficit (VPD) by using VPD anomaly based metrics. In this study, we use an analytical approach to investigate the role of VPD in the depletion of soil moisture through evapotranspiration (ET) and evaluate if the anomalies reflect its actual contribution toward drying. We model the energy and water balance of the
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Drought Impacts to Water Footprints and Virtual Water Transfers of Counties of the United States Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-03 P. J. Ruess, J. Hanley, M. Konar
Irrigation is increasingly important to agricultural production and supply chains in the United States. In this study, we seek to understand how irrigation (blue) water footprints of production are spatially distributed and how they differ in drought versus non-drought years. Similarly, we aim to understand the impact of drought on the irrigation virtually embedded in domestic supply chains and exports
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Slow and Quick Flow Models Explain the Temporal Dynamics of Daily Salinity in Streams Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-02 Thomas G. Westfall, Tim J. Peterson, Anna Lintern, Andrew W. Western
The availability of long-term high-frequency water quality data sets provides an opportunity to investigate transport pathways within catchments. The simple “C-Q” log-regression equation is commonly used to investigate the relationship between water quality concentrations and streamflow. However, significant variability within high-frequency data sets can result in poor explanation of temporal dynamics
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An Explainable Bayesian TimesNet for Probabilistic Groundwater Level Prediction Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-02 Zechen Peng, Shaoxing Mo, Alexander Y. Sun, Jichun Wu, Xiankui Zeng, Miao Lu, Xiaoqing Shi
Reliable groundwater level (GWL) prediction is essential for sustainable water resources management. Despite recent advances in machine learning (ML) methods for GWL prediction, further improvements may be made in uncertainty quantification and model interpretability. This study proposes Bayesian TimesNet (BTimesNet), a novel deep learning model for probabilistic and explainable GWL prediction. BTimesNet
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Accounting and Evolution of Global Spatial Explicit Blue and Green Water Footprint of Maize Production With Fewer Inputs Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-31 Yilin Liu, La Zhuo, Xiangxiang Ji, Pengcheng Tian, Rong Gao, Pute Wu
Gridded data updating for crop water consumption differentiating blue (i.e., irrigation water) and green (i.e., soil water) components at global scale is too hysteretic because of heavy working load and time cost of physical-based models to prompt understanding and management of water for food. This study constructs a model for crop blue-green water footprint (WF) with interpretability of physical
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Issue Information Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-29
No abstract is available for this article.
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Seeing China's Invisible Groundwater: Advances and Challenges Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-30 Yingying Yao, Shuitao Guo, Charles B. Andrews, Fanyu Zhang, Michele Lancia, Xingxing Kuang, Chunmiao Zheng
In 2021, China adopted comprehensive “Groundwater Management Regulations” to address critical groundwater issues, building upon the foundation of a national groundwater monitoring network established by 2020. This commentary reviews the development of China's National Groundwater Monitoring Network, examines its current monitoring capacity, and highlights ongoing groundwater issues and related ecological
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Derivation and Validation of a Theoretical Canopy Interception Model Based on Raindrop Microphysical Processes Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-31 Zixi Li, Fuqiang Tian
Canopy interception represents the initial phase of rainfall redistribution across the land surface and is crucial for hydrological and ecological processes. This study proposes a novel theoretical model of canopy interception based on the microphysical processes of raindrops within the canopy. The model incorporates physical parameters pertinent to canopy characteristics, such as the attachment retention
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An Analytical Method for Fast Optimization of Multireservoir Hydropower Systems Operations Considering Risk-Return Tradeoffs Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-31 S. Jamshid Mousavi, Kumaraswamy Ponnambalam
Long-term multireservoir operations optimization is challenging for existing optimization methods such as stochastic dynamic programming (SDP) and implicit stochastic programming (ISP) suffering from excessive computing time requirements. More difficult is to tackle a risk-based optimization problem and provide an efficient frontier of the objective function for multireservoir systems. The Fletcher–Ponnambalam
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Impact of Heterogeneity and Miscibility on scCO2 Drainage Flow Patterns and Implications for Experimental Interpretation Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-29 Ruotong Huang, Anna Herring, Mohammad Saadatfar, Adrian Sheppard
In this study, we investigated the coupling effect of sub-core-scale heterogeneity and miscibility on the development of flow pattern under drainage in porous media. We performed experiments with two Bentheimer sandstone cores (usually considered homogeneous) both with mild heterogeneity. For both cores, two drainage experiments were performed: supercritical CO2${\text{CO}}_{2}$ (scCO2${\text{scCO}}_{2}$)
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Establishment of a Brackish Water Infiltration Model and Infiltration Parameter Correction Model Considering Solute Potential Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-31 Yu Liu, Ye Liu, Tingting Huang, Yimei He, Weibo Nie, Yongqiang Wang, Xiaoyi Ma
Water–salt movement is a central issue in soil, water, and crop science, with its accurate simulation holding significant scientific value. The combined Richards equation for water movement and the continuity equation for solute migration currently provide a systematic approach for simulating water–salt movement. However, existing models and methods do not adequately address the theoretical effect
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How Does Assimilating SMAP Soil Moisture Improve Characterization of the Terrestrial Water Cycle in an Integrated Land Surface-Subsurface Model? Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-30 Haojin Zhao, Carsten Montzka, Johannes Keller, Fang Li, Harry Vereecken, Harrie-Jan Hendricks Franssen
Land surface modeling combined with data assimilation can yield highly accurate soil moisture estimates on regional and global scales. However, most land surface models often neglect lateral surface and subsurface flows, which are crucial for water redistribution and soil moisture. This study applies the Community Land Model (CLM) and the coupled CLM-ParFlow model over a 22,500 km2${\text{km}}^{2}$
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Deep Learning Advances Arctic River Water Temperature Predictions Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-29 Shuyu Y. Chang, Jon Schwenk, Kurt C. Solander
The accelerated warming in the Arctic poses serious risks to freshwater ecosystems by altering streamflow and river thermal regimes. However, limited research on Arctic River water temperatures exists due to data scarcity and the absence of robust methodologies, which often focus on large, major river basins. To address this, we leveraged the newly released, extensive AKTEMP data set and advanced machine
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Impact of the Relative Submergence on Turbulence Structures in Open-Channel Flow Through Arrays of Large Spherical Roughness Elements Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-30 Zhengdao Tang, Thorsten Stoesser, Lei Huang, Yan Liu, Hongwei Fang
This study investigates the impact of relative submergence, defined as the ratio of water depth to the diameter of boulders (k = H/D), on turbulence structures in flow through boulder arrays. The large-eddy simulation method is employed to simulate flow through boulder arrays across a range of k values from 0.25 to 3.50. Within this range, three distinct flow regimes are identified: low (k = 0.25)
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Abrupt Ecological Shift and Recovery Trajectory of a Peri-Urban Lake in the Anthropocene: Insights From Paleoecology and Modeling Projection Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-29 Shixin Huang, Qi Lin, Ke Zhang, Yaoyao Han, Chenliang Du, Ji Shen
Urban and peri-urban lakes are undergoing significant ecological deterioration in the fast-changing Anthropocene, leading to toxic algal proliferation jeopardizing ecosystem services and public health. Nevertheless, the ecological response of these lakes to anthropogenic disturbances, management interventions, and climate change remains inadequately understood. This study examined the dynamic trajectory
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A New Model for Water Retention and Hydraulic Conductivity Curves of Deformable Unsaturated Soils Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-27 Zhenxing Chang, Chao Zhou
The water retention and hydraulic conductivity curves of unsaturated soils are important parameters for seepage analysis. Experimental results in the literature generally show that with increasing density, the air-entry value and adsorption/desorption rate of the water retention curve increase and the relative hydraulic conductivity (kr) at a given degree of saturation changes. The above phenomena
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Bidirectional Translations Between Observational and Topography-Based Hydrographic Data Sets: MERIT-Basins and the SWOT River Database (SWORD) Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-24 Jeffrey Wade, Cédric H. David, Elizabeth H. Altenau, Elyssa L. Collins, Hind Oubanas, Stephen Coss, Arnaud Cerbelaud, Manu Tom, Michael Durand, Tamlin M. Pavelsky
The recently launched Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Mission is expected to provide transformative observations of water surface elevation, width, and slope and produce derived estimates of discharge for global rivers along rivers in the SWOT River Database (SWORD). However, the hydrographic representation of rivers in SWORD differs from hydrography data sets commonly used for modeling purposes
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Multi-Frequency Oscillatory Hydraulic Tomography Improves Heterogeneity Imaging and Resolution and Reduces Uncertainty Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-26 Jeremy R. Patterson, Michael Cardiff
Understanding subsurface heterogeneity is crucial to predicting groundwater flow pathways, mixing, and other processes in aquifers and other fluid reservoirs. Despite significant effort developing geophysical tools to understand this heterogeneity, geophysical mapping of aquifer flow parameters—transmissivity (T)$(T)$, and storativity (S)$(S)$—remains challenging due to both uncertainty in petrophysical
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Exploring the Controlling Factors of Watershed Streamflow Variability Using Hydrological and Machine Learning Models Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-24 Bingbing Ding, Xinxiao Yu, Guodong Jia
Studying streamflow processes and controlling factors is crucial for sustainable water resource management. This study demonstrated the potential of integrating hydrological models with machine learning by constructing two machine learning methods, Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and Random Forest (RF), based on the input and output data from the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and comparing
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Estimation of Extreme Floods Using a Statistical and Conceptual Model of the Hydrological Response Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-24 Pietro Devò, Stefano Basso, Marco Marani
The robust estimation of flood peak discharge values is critical for designing mitigation measures and increasing preparedness to natural hazards. Traditional flood estimation methods are, however, severely limited by data series shorter than the return period of interest, as they only use annual maxima or a few values above a high threshold. Here we couple two recent advances in flood estimation from
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Bio-Mediated Flocculation of Freshwater Microplastics: Effects of Microalgae With Exopolymer Attachments Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-24 Jianwei Zhang, Xiaoteng Shen, Peter Robins, Xiaorong Li, Byung Joon Lee, Qilong Bi, Ying Zhang, Qiqing Chen, Jisheng Zhang
Transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs) are crucial for enhancing the flocculation of microplastics (MPs). However, quantitatively evaluating the influence of TEP on the flocculation process and addressing these effects in a flocculation model are challenging. In this study, three freshwater microalgae (Scenedesmus sp., Aulacoseira granulata, and Melosira varians) with various levels of TEP production
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Assessment of Large-Scale Reservoirs' Impact on the Local Precipitation Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-22 Han Zhou, Jun Qiu, Mengjia Li, Houliang Lu, Fangfang Li
Reservoir operations have complex and profound impacts on local climate, particularly precipitation. Quantifying this impact is challenging because it requires the reconstruction of natural precipitation prior to reservoir operation. Instead of assuming that the natural variability of the contrast region and the study region is identical, this study develops an interpretable machine learning model
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Predicting the Transport Time of Supersaturated Total Dissolved Gas in a Large Deep Reservoir Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-22 Chonglin Wang, Jin Wang, Jingjie Feng, Haobai Wang, Ran Li, Yuanming Wang, Kefeng Li
During dam discharge, supersaturated total dissolved gas (TDG) is generated in the plunge pool and transported downstream for a long distance. Fish living in supersaturated TDG water may suffer from gas bubble disease and even death. Investigating the transport time of supersaturated TDG helps to predict better the downstream impact range and duration of TDG supersaturation and then facilitate mitigation
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Global Flood Projection and Socioeconomic Implications Under a Deep Learning Framework Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-22 Shengyu Kang, Jiabo Yin, Louise Slater, Pan Liu, Fubao Sun, Dedi Liu, Jun Xia
As the planet warms, the frequency and severity of weather-related hazards such as floods are intensifying, posing substantial threats to communities around the globe. Rising flood peaks and volumes claim lives, damage infrastructure, and compromise access to essential services. However, the physical mechanisms behind global flood evolution are still uncertain, and their implications for socioeconomic
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The Deformation Response of Hydrological Loading Due To Water Level Changes in Qinghai Lake Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Chao Chen, Zhiwei Fang, Rong Zou, Lingfeng Gao, Shengpeng Zhang, Yongying Zhang, Qi Wang
Over the past 18 years, the water level of Qinghai Lake has risen by more than 4 m, resulting in a total mass increase of approximately 22 Gt. This increase may have impacted the surface deformation and fault activity within a 100 km radius of the lake. The deformation induced by water load changes is captured by the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations installed around Qinghai Lake.
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Stagnation and Pseudo-Stagnation Lines for Separating 3D Groundwater Flow Systems in Tóthian Basins Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-20 Zhi-Yuan Zhang, Xiao-Wei Jiang, Peng-Yu Zhou, Okke Batelaan, Xu-Sheng Wang, Peng-Fei Han, Li Wan
Stagnation points have been found to be useful in characterizing groundwater flow regimes in 2D domains. However, knowledge on stagnation points in 3D basins is limited. In this study, we first derive a transient solution for 3D Tóthian basin flow under spatially undulating and periodically changing water table and examine the occurrence of stagnation points or pseudo-stagnation points, which constitute
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The Influence of Land-Surface Conditions on the 2020–2021 Western US Drought Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-19 Yelin Jiang, Jason E. Smerdon, Richard Seager, Guiling Wang, Benjamin I. Cook, Cheng Zheng, Justin S. Mankin, A. Park Williams
In summer 2021, 90% of the western United States (WUS) experienced drought, with over half of the region facing extreme or exceptional conditions, leading to water scarcity, crop loss, ecological degradation, and significant socio-economic consequences. Beyond the established influence of oceanic forcing and internal atmospheric variability, this study highlights the importance of land-surface conditions
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Quantitatively Decoupling the Relationships Between Discharge and Sediment Yield During Flood Events in China's Loess Plateau Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Zelin Li, Guangyao Gao, Anqi Huang, Lishan Ran, Dongfeng Li, Bojie Fu
To clarify changes of discharge (Q) and sediment yield (SSY) during flood events provide critical insights for flood disaster prevention and control. However, our understanding of the long-term variations and driving factors of Q-SSY relationships during flood events remains limited. This study examined the variations in Q, SSY, and sediment rating curves (SSY = aQb) during maximum one, three, and
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Global River Topology (GRIT): A Bifurcating River Hydrography Water Resour. Res. (IF 4.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-15 M. Wortmann, L. Slater, L. Hawker, Y. Liu, J. Neal, B. Zhang, J. Schwenk, G. Allen, P. Ashworth, R. Boothroyd, H. Cloke, P. Delorme, S. H. Gebrechorkos, H. Griffith, J. Leyland, S. McLelland, A. P. Nicholas, G. Sambrook-Smith, E. Vahidi, D. Parsons, S. E. Darby
Existing global river networks underpin a wide range of hydrological applications but do not represent channels with divergent river flows (bifurcations, multi-threaded channels, canals), as these features defy the convergent flow assumption that elevation-derived networks (e.g., HydroSHEDS, MERIT Hydro) are based on. Yet, bifurcations are important features of the global river drainage system, especially