Efficiently measuring groundwater flow in bedrock aquifers is inherently challenging due to the irregular distribution and fine scale of fractures. Recent advances in Active Distributed Temperature Sensing (A‐DTS) in boreholes temporarily sealed with liners have made it possible to quantify flow rates in such aquifers at many different depths using heat as a tracer, but until now only data collected

istributing water optimally is a complex problem that many farmers face yearly, especially in times of drought. In this work, we propose optimization‐based feedback control to improve crop yield and water productivity in agriculture irrigation for a plantation consisting of multiple fields. The interaction between soil, water, crop (sugarcane in this work), and the atmosphere is characterized by an

Hydrologic variability poses an important source of financial risk for hydropower‐reliant electric utilities, particularly in snow‐dominated regions. Drought‐related reductions in hydropower production can lead to decreased electricity sales or increased procurement costs to meet firm contractual obligations. This research contributes a methodology for characterizing the tradeoffs between cash flows

Estimating river discharge from observed surface water extents and elevations is central to the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission. Although near‐global in coverage, SWOT will only observe rivers wider than 50 to 100 meters, overlooking smaller tributaries draining into observable river reaches. This is problematic for the MetroMan discharge algorithm, which assumes changes in discharge

The rapid expansion of unconventional oil and gas development (UD), made possible by horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing, has triggered concerns over groundwater contamination and public health risks. To improve our understanding of the risks posed by UD, we develop a physically based, spatially explicit framework for evaluating groundwater well vulnerability to aqueous phase contaminants

Prior to their application in a land surface data assimilation (DA) system, remotely sensed (RS) soil moisture (SM) products are typically rescaled to remove systematic differences with respect to comparable SM estimates obtained from a land surface model (LSM). This pre‐processing of RS SM data – commonly referred to as bias correction – implicitly discards spatial information present in the RS SM

Future climate warming may increase water temperature, stratification, and the occurrence of cyanobacteria blooms in drinking water reservoirs. Herein, past relationships between air temperature, water temperature, thermal stratification, and cyanobacteria prevalence are quantified in six Connecticut, U.S.A. reservoirs. Lake‐specific empirical models were developed and used to project historical (1971‐2000)

We investigate chemical transport in laboratory rock cores using unidirectional pulse‐tracer experiments. Breakthrough curves (BTCs) measured at various flow rates in one sandstone and two carbonate samples are interpreted using the one‐dimensional Continuous Time Random Walk (CTRW) formulation with a Truncated Power Law (TPL) model. Within the same framework, we evaluate additional memory functions

Overbank flows in rivers, also termed compound open‐channel flows, are rarely uniform in the streamwise direction. Flow nonuniformity involves transverse currents directed from the river main channel (MC) to adjacent floodplains (FPs) or vice versa. Depending on their direction and magnitude, the transverse currents can laterally displace the planform shear layer that forms at the interface between

Understanding groundwater storage variations as a result of effects from both the vadose zone and the river is of critical importance in the hydraulically connected surface‐subsurface system. In this study, we present a novel Bidirectional Exchange Scheme in Surface and Subsurface (BE3S) that represents bidirectional exchanges between the vadose zone, phreatic aquifer, and river. The approach enables

Recent agroeconomic studies in water‐scarce countries such as Spain, Australia, Saudi Arabia, and Israel have revealed the economic viability of irrigating high‐value crops with desalinated water. However, the worldwide growth of large‐scale desalination capacities is primarily designed to resolve urban‐water scarcity, disregarding the impact of desalination on irrigation‐water salinity. We develop

The river‐reservoir continuum drives a separation of sedimentation along the longitudinal hydrodynamic gradients, potentially causing imbalanced stoichiometric sedimentation. However, there are still uncertainties regarding the contribution of imbalanced stoichiometric sedimentation to methane emissions along this continuum. A 2‐year field survey and in situ experiments were conducted in China's Three

In a recent paper (Alawadhi & Tartakovsky, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019WR025879), Alawadhi and Tartakovsky proposed an interesting, novel, efficient, and potentially powerful Bayesian‐based approach to cope with the uncertainty in initial flow velocity when using transient waves to detect leaks in pressurized pipes. In this discussion, we illustrate that the uncertainty in initial flow velocity

As countries start to implement the Sustainable Development Goals in their national development agendas, reviews of the current policy environment are necessary to ensure that the goals are achievable by 2030. The present study assesses the effectiveness of energy policy in Indonesia in supporting progress towards universal energy access, a substantial increase in renewable energy deployment, and improvement

Following the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP 21), the 2015 Paris Agreement on Climae Change strengthens the attempts of the European Union to decarbonize the building sector and to facilitate the transition from fossil fuels towards cleaner energy. The last version of the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive 2018/844/EU is human centric and requires the integration of indoor environmental

The presence of emerging contaminants (ECs) in the environment has been consistently recognized as a worldwide concern. ECs may be defined as chemicals or materials found in the environment at trace concentrations with potential, perceived, or real risk to the “One Health” trilogy (environment, human, and animal health). The main concern regarding pharmaceuticals and in particular antibiotics is the

River basins are complex spatiotemporal systems, and too often, restoration efforts are ineffective due to a lack of understanding of the purpose of the system, defined by the system structure and function. The river basin system structure includes stocks (e.g., water volume or quality), inflows (e.g., precipitation or fertilization), outflows (e.g., evaporation or runoff), and positive and negative

This article presents and tests a new method for the retrospective assessment of ecological status assessment of the lakes in accordance with the Ecological State Macophyte Index (ESMI), which is formally used in biological monitoring in Poland. The proposed method is based on three metrics, the Z colonization index, the average maximum depth of lake vegetation Cmax, and the Secchi disk depth. Mathematical

The coordinated development of agricultural economic growth and non-point source (NPS) pollution is an important task in enhancing pollution prevention. Significantly, agricultural economic growth and NPS pollution are interrelated, and their mechanism will be affected by financial development. For this reason, the current study established a panel smooth transformation regression (PSTR) model to reveal

In the context of an increasing societal demand for transparency in parallel with rapidly increasing numbers and concentrations of substances found in drinking water, this paper investigates how different drinking water customers perceive their tap water quality, and possible risks involved. Empirically, the paper draws on results from a representative survey, a series of interviews and focus groups

The changes in precipitation and temperature regimes brought on by the current climate change have influenced ecosystems globally. The consequences of climate change on plant phenology have been widely investigated during the last few years. However, the underlying causes of the timing of autumn phenology have not been fully clarified yet. Here, we focused on the onset (10%) of leaf colouring—LCO—(Biologische

Drought forecasting is an essential component of efficient water resource management that helps water planners mitigate the severe consequences of water shortages. This is especially important in hyper-arid climates, where drought consequences are more drastic due to the limited water resources and harsh environments. This paper presents a data-driven approach based on an artificial neural network

In this study, we analyzed the impacts of different environmental conditions on aquatic worm communities along the Danube River, based on two longitudinal surveys, the Joint Danube Surveys 2 and 3 (JDS; 2007 and 2013). We identified the most important environmental factors (among analyzed groups) that shape worm communities: hydromorphlogical alterations, flow velocity and substrate (HYMO group), dissolved

Although the Congo Basin is still one of the least studied river basins in the world, this paper attempts to provide a multidisciplinary but non-exhaustive synthesis on the general hydrology of the Congo River by highlighting some points of interest and some particular results obtained over a century of surveys and scientific studies. The Congo River is especially marked by its hydrological regularity

This study aims to clarify the removal mechanism and to calculate the effective current of electrocoagulation (i.e., EC) for treating wastewater containing Ni(II), Cu(II), and Cr(VI). The adsorption behavior of various heavy metals onto Al(OH)3 coagulant generated by the EC process was investigated and the estimating method of the corresponding current was established. Results indicate that adsorption

The effects of climate change on rainfall in the Mediterranean region are manifested in an overall decreasing trend, and greater irregularity in annual volumes and the city of Alicante is no exception. In addition, there has also been a spread of the urbanised area, which has led to an increase in the flood risk in urban areas (due to a greater runoff and the occupation of flood hazard areas) and drought

The majority of rivers are a CH4 source that accounts for an important proportion of annual global emissions. However, CH4 evasion from urban river networks has received disproportionately less attention than their contribution. The effect of water governance on water quality and CH4 emission in urban areas remains unclear. Water quality, CH4 concentrations, and fluxes from a river network in Binhu

The quantitative inversion of the concentrations of water quality parameters could clarify the temporal and spatial distribution characteristic, migration, and conversion of water quality parameters. This study took the Danjiangkou Reservoir as the research object, and established an inversion model based on the reflectance of different band combinations of remote sensing analyses on Sentinel-2 images

In traditional waste load allocation (WLA) decision making, water quality-related constraints must be satisfied. Fuzzy models, however, can be useful for policy makers to make the most reasonable decisions in an ambiguous environment, considering various surrounding environments. We developed a fuzzy WLA model that optimizes the satisfaction level by using fuzzy membership functions and minimizes the

Climate change is a cause of the expansion of snowmelt phenomena in the Antarctic, and shifts in position of wet and dry snow lines have been considered as good indicators of climate changes. The impacts of climate change are observable by the delineation of significant position change of glacier zones. The principal limitation of current glacier zone classification methods by synthetic aperture radar

Solid fertilizers, which have a low operating cost, are widely applied in Chinese crop fields. In order to distribute solid fertilizer through fertigation, an innovative device with a simple structure was designed, which can feed, dissolve, and distribute fertilizer simultaneously. The parameters of the outlet pipe and fertilizer-feeding component were designed, and a preliminary equation for calculating

The Lower Mekong Basin (LMB) is a key biodiversity hotspot. To facilitate conservation and management, we examine mollusc biodiversity patterns and distribution along LMB’s longitudinal gradients, identify environmental drivers, and discuss the importance of these drivers to management. Cluster analysis, redundancy analysis (RDA), and variation partitioning were conducted using mollusc data collected

Global climate change is significant, and the spatiotemporal variations of precipitation associated with it are pronounced. Based on the daily precipitation data from 10 weather stations located from southeast to northwest across China from 1961–2017, the Mann–Kendall trend test was generally applied to analyze the spatiotemporal variations of precipitation. The factors influencing the precipitation

Rainwater harvesting from rooftop catchments represents a climate change adaptation measure that is especially significant in areas affected by water scarcity. This article develops a Geographic Information Systems-based methodology to evaluate the spatial distribution of rainwater catchment potential to identify the most favorable urban areas for the installation of these infrastructures. Since performance

The widespread use of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in the packaging industry has led to the discharge of huge amounts of such waste into the environment and is an important source of pollution. Moreover, because the degradation of PET waste requires a very long time (over 180 years), the recycling of this waste is the only solution to reduce environmental pollution in this case. The solution proposed

In spite of the very large hydropower potential given from the melting snow and ice of Himalayas, Nepal’s population has little hydropower production. The high use of fossil fuels and biomasses results in measurable air pollution, even in the mountain areas. Hydropower planning and implementation, in the face of the changing climate, is therefore paramount important. We focus here on Nepal, and particularly

As a key factor in the water cycle and climate change, the quality of precipitation data directly affects the hydrological processes of the river basin. Although many precipitation products with high spatial and temporal resolutions are now widely used, it is meaningful and necessary to investigate and evaluate their merits and demerits in hydrological applications. In this study, two satellite-based

Water reclamation through the use of soil aquifer treatment (SAT) is a sustainable water management technique with high potential for application in many regions worldwide. However, the fate of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) during the infiltration of treated wastewater during SAT is still a matter of research. This study investigates the removal capacity of 27 CECs during SAT by means of

Improving the accuracy of rainfall forecasting is relevant for adequate water resources planning and management. This research project evaluated the performance of the combination of three Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) approaches in the forecasting of the monthly rainfall anomalies for Southwestern Colombia. For this purpose, we applied the Non-linear Principal Component Analysis (NLPCA) approach

The frequency and severity of droughts and heat stresses are becoming a threat to crop production and food security in arid and semi-arid regions worldwide. To ameliorate both stresses simultaneously, micro-sprinkler systems are being proposed and their performance is investigated here for gray jujube trees planted in an arid region. The experiments focused on the effects of different levels of micro-sprinkler

Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for crop production. Drip irrigation (DI) system, mainly because of its high precision, allows effective application of water-soluble P-fertilizers. However, consecutive input of P-fertilizer would react with ions in the water source, especially when using the saline water containing high concentration of ions. Consequently, the integration of P fertilizer and

Subsurface (tile) drainage is a necessary practice for economic crop production in humid, poorly drained regions of the world. Drainage water management (DWM), also known as controlled drainage, is among the suite of practices designed to mitigate water quality issues associated with subsurface drainage. Studies evaluating DWM generally include field experiments or simulation models to estimate water

A novel concept of treating oil reservoirs by nanofluids is being developed to improve oil recovery and reduce the trapped oil in hydrocarbon reservoirs. Nanoparticles show great potential in enhancing oil recovery under ambient conditions. In this paper, the approaches of wettability alteration by using nanofluid, stability of nanofluids, and the most reliable wettability alteration mechanisms associated

This study analyzed temporal trends in health-based drinking water quality violations, and both temporal and geographic trends in microbiological drinking water quality violations for U.S. public water systems. We especially focused on microbiological regulations that apply to all public water systems, i.e., the Total Coliform Rule (TCR), which became effective in 1990, and its successor, the Revised

The production of carbon nanomaterials has been increasing due to their outstanding properties and innovation potential in various industrial applications. Hence, their discharge into the aquatic environment from point and non-point sources is inevitable. Therefore, the natural and built aquatic environments that contain thousands of synthetic organic contaminants, would facilitate adsorptive interaction

As coral populations decline worldwide in the face of ongoing environmental change, documenting their distribution, diversity and conservation status is now more imperative than ever. Accurate delimitation and identification of species is a critical first step. This task, however, is not trivial as morphological variation and slowly evolving molecular markers confound species identification. New approaches

Article impact statement: A no‐purge groundwater sampling method for PFAS using disposable bailers is demonstrated to be effective to a 95% degree of confidence.

The surface nuclear magnetic resonance (SNMR) method is widely used in groundwater detection because of its sensitivity to hydrogen in water and direct water detection. However, low signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNRs) restrict the development of this technique. An optimum pulse sequence is designed according to correspondence between the pulse moment strength and its best detection depth. Because only selection

This study examines the impact of globalization(s) on renewable energy consumption in OECD countries by endogenizing per capita GDP, oil prices and per capita carbon emissions. We use robust globalization(s) as measured by the “classic”, “reconstructed” and “revisited” globalization indexes. The novel method of Machado and Silva Panel quantile regression (2019) approach is used to obtain robust findings

In this work, a new non‐stationary multiple‐point geostatistical methodology called vector field‐based simulation is presented. This method generates multiple realizations of the phenomena being modeled, whose spatial continuity is described by a training image. It can be applied in reservoir characterization and to study the behavior of hydrogeological systems. The main novelty of this work is that

Channel network identification is an important practice in not also hydrologic analysis but also hydraulic computation. In this paper, a new algorithm, watershed‐merging, is proposed to automatically identify and extract channel networks. In the water‐merging algorithm, based on the fact that the sink cell of a dendritic watershed is either a depression cell or a flat cell, a macro scale approach is

The streamflow drought hazard can be characterized in a variety of ways, including using different indices. Traditionally, percentile‐based indices, such as Q95 (the flow exceeded 95% of time), have been used by the hydrological community. Recently, the use of anomaly indices such as the Standardized Streamflow Index (SSI), a probability index‐based approach adopted from the climatological community

We investigate the influence of near‐surface wind conditions on subsurface gas transport and on soil‐atmosphere gas exchange for gases of different density. Results of a sand tank experiment are supported by a numerical investigation with a fully coupled porous medium‐free flow model, which accounts for wind turbulence. The experiment consists of a two‐dimensional bench‐scale soil tank containing homogeneous

The mechanisms linking growth and inequality are critical for poverty reduction, yet they remain poorly understood at the micro level, as current knowledge is dominated by country-wide studies. This article evaluates farm income growth and changes in inequality among five smallholder irrigation communities in Mozambique, Tanzania and Zimbabwe. Over the period of study, the poorest sections of the population

This article explores the factors causing the current poor performance of most government irrigation schemes in sub-Saharan Africa. The literature review finds that the poor performance is not primarily caused by socioeconomic and biophysical conditions inherent to sub-Saharan Africa. African farmers have adapted to diverse biophysical conditions and expanded or contracted their area under agricultural

The foregrounding of economic interests to the exclusion of broadly termed ‘cultural’ interests in water governance has been challenged by the grant of legal personality to rivers, including the Ganges. In this article, we explore the 2017 Ganges judgment of the High Court of Uttarakhand, which conferred legal personality on the river, as a case study which exemplifies the recognition and negotiation

Fertigated areas of wheat and maize in the North China Plain (NCP) have grown rapidly during recent years, but little information is available on the effects of different nitrogen (N) fertilizers applied through drip fertigation on wheat and maize. A field experiment was conducted in the NCP during 2012−2016 to evaluate the effects of urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and calcium nitrate applied

Agriculture accounts for a significant portion of the state of Minas Gerais' GDP, which is one of the most productive Brazilian states in the agricultural sector. Given this scenario, it is essential to know the elements that affect agricultural productivity. The data manipulated in this work were obtained from the Network of Automatic Meteorological Stations (EMA's) from the National Institute of

Improving both nitrogen utilization and peanut kernel quality (after removing peanuts shell) through water management is a growing concern for farmers. To explore the role of supplemental irrigation in nitrogen transformation between ‘source’ and ‘sink’, a split-plot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of water (rain-fed irrigation as IRI; supplemental irrigation as ISI) and nitrogen (0