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Interim Guidance for Prevention and Treatment of Monkeypox in Persons with HIV Infection - United States, August 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-08-12 Jesse O'Shea,Thomas D Filardo,Sapna Bamrah Morris,John Weiser,Brett Petersen,John T Brooks
Monkeypox virus, an orthopoxvirus sharing clinical features with smallpox virus, is endemic in several countries in Central and West Africa. The last reported outbreak in the United States, in 2003, was linked to contact with infected prairie dogs that had been housed or transported with African rodents imported from Ghana (1). Since May 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) has reported a multinational
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Notes from the Field: School-Based and Laboratory-Based Reporting of Positive COVID-19 Test Results Among School-Aged Children - New York, September 11, 2021-April 29, 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-08-12 Eric J Shircliff,Eli S Rosenberg,Lauren M Collens,Dina Hoefer,Emily Lutterloh,Benjamin J Silk,Amber K Winn,Travis T O'Donnell
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Notes From the Field: Overdose Deaths Involving Eutylone (Psychoactive Bath Salts) - United States, 2020. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-08-12 R Matt Gladden,Vaughne Chavez-Gray,Julie O'Donnell,Bruce A Goldberger
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Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics of Monkeypox Cases - United States, May 17-July 22, 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-08-12 David Philpott,Christine M Hughes,Karen A Alroy,Janna L Kerins,Jessica Pavlick,Lenore Asbel,Addie Crawley,Alexandra P Newman,Hillary Spencer,Amanda Feldpausch,Kelly Cogswell,Kenneth R Davis,Jinlene Chen,Tiffany Henderson,Katherine Murphy,Meghan Barnes,Brandi Hopkins,Mary-Margaret A Fill,Anil T Mangla,Dana Perella,Arti Barnes,Scott Hughes,Jayne Griffith,Abby L Berns,Lauren Milroy,Haley Blake,Maria M
Monkeypox, a zoonotic infection caused by an orthopoxvirus, is endemic in parts of Africa. On August 4, 2022, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services declared the U.S. monkeypox outbreak, which began on May 17, to be a public health emergency (1,2). After detection of the first U.S. monkeypox case), CDC and health departments implemented enhanced monkeypox case detection and reporting. Among
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COVID-19 Self-Test Data: Challenges and Opportunities - United States, October 31, 2021-June 11, 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-08-12 Matthew D Ritchey,Hannah G Rosenblum,Kim Del Guercio,Matthew Humbard,Steven Santos,Jason Hall,Jasmine Chaitram,Reynolds M Salerno
Self-tests* to detect current infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, are valuable tools that guide individual decision-making and risk reduction† (1-3). Increased self-test use (4) has likely contributed to underascertainment of COVID-19 cases (5-7), because unlike the requirements to report results of laboratory-based and health care provider-administered point-of-care COVID-19
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Vital Signs: Hepatitis C Treatment Among Insured Adults - United States, 2019-2020. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-08-12 William W Thompson,Hasan Symum,Amy Sandul,,Neil Gupta,Priti Patel,Noele Nelson,Jonathan Mermin,Carolyn Wester
INTRODUCTION Over 2 million adults in the United States have hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and it contributes to approximately 14,000 deaths a year. Eight to 12 weeks of highly effective direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment, which can cure ≥95% of cases, is recommended for persons with hepatitis C. METHODS Data from HealthVerity, an administrative claims and encounters database, were used to
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Notes from the Field: Increase in Pediatric Intracranial Infections During the COVID-19 Pandemic - Eight Pediatric Hospitals, United States, March 2020-March 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-08-05 Daliya Khuon,Sara Ogrin,Julie Engels,Aileen Aldrich,Rosemary M Olivero
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Interim Recommendation of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for Use of the Novavax COVID-19 Vaccine in Persons Aged ≥18 years - United States, July 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-08-05 Evelyn Twentyman,Megan Wallace,Lauren E Roper,Tara C Anderson,Amy B Rubis,Katherine E Fleming-Dutra,Elisha Hall,Joy Hsu,Hannah G Rosenblum,Monica Godfrey,W Roodly Archer,Danielle L Moulia,Laura Daniel,Oliver Brooks,H Keipp Talbot,Grace M Lee,Beth P Bell,Matthew Daley,Sarah Meyer,Sara E Oliver
The NVX-CoV2373 (Novavax) COVID-19 vaccine is a recombinant spike (rS) protein nanoparticle vaccine with Matrix-M adjuvant to protect against infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. On July 13, 2022, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for the Novavax vaccine for primary COVID-19 immunization of unvaccinated adults aged ≥18 years, administered
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Outbreaks of Acute Gastrointestinal Illness Associated with a Splash Pad in a Wildlife Park - Kansas, June 2021. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-08-05 Samaria K Aluko,Syed S Ishrati,David C Walker,Mia C Mattioli,Amy M Kahler,Kayla L Vanden Esschert,Kaylee Hervey,Justin Rokisky,Mary E Wikswo,Joseph P Laco,Sonalli Kurlekar,Adrienne Byrne,Noelle-Angelique Molinari,Michelle E Gleason,Christine Steward,Michele C Hlavsa,Daniel Neises
In June 2021, Kansas state and county public health officials identified and investigated three cases of shigellosis (a bacterial diarrheal illness caused by Shigella spp.) associated with visiting a wildlife park. The park has animal exhibits and a splash pad. Two affected persons visited animal exhibits, and all three entered the splash pad. Nonhuman primates are the only known animal reservoir of
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Post-COVID-19 Symptoms and Conditions Among Children and Adolescents - United States, March 1, 2020-January 31, 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-08-05 Lyudmyla Kompaniyets,Lara Bull-Otterson,Tegan K Boehmer,Sarah Baca,Pablo Alvarez,Kai Hong,Joy Hsu,Aaron M Harris,Adi V Gundlapalli,Sharon Saydah
Post-COVID-19 (post-COVID) symptoms and conditions* are new, recurring, or ongoing health problems that occur 4 or more weeks after infection with SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19). Previous studies have characterized and estimated the incidence of post-COVID conditions among adults (1,2), but data among children and adolescents are limited (3-8). Using a large medical claims database, CDC
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Notes from the Field: Cluster of Parechovirus Central Nervous System Infections in Young Infants - Tennessee, 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-29 Lili Tao,Mary-Margaret A Fill,Ritu Banerjee,Romney M Humphries
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Gun Carrying Among Youths, by Demographic Characteristics, Associated Violence Experiences, and Risk Behaviors - United States, 2017-2019. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-29 Thomas R Simon,Heather B Clayton,Linda L Dahlberg,Corinne David-Ferdon,Greta Kilmer,Colleen Barbero
Suicide and homicide are the second and third leading causes of death, respectively, among youths aged 14-17 years (1); nearly one half (46%) of youth suicides and most (93%) youth homicides result from firearm injuries (1). Understanding youth gun carrying and associated outcomes can guide prevention initiatives (2). This study used the updated measure of gun carrying in the 2017 and 2019 administrations
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Chronic Conditions Among Adults Aged 18─34 Years - United States, 2019. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-29 Kathleen B Watson,Susan A Carlson,Fleetwood Loustalot,Machell Town,Paul I Eke,Craig W Thomas,Kurt J Greenlund
Chronic conditions are common, costly, and major causes of death and disability.* Addressing chronic conditions and their determinants in young adulthood can help slow disease progression and improve well-being across the life course (1); however, recent prevalence estimates examining chronic conditions in young adults overall and by subgroup have not been reported. CDC analyzed data from the Behavioral
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Progress Toward the Elimination of Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus - Worldwide, 2016-2021. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-29 Nino Khetsuriani,Olufunmilayo Lesi,Shalini Desai,Paige A Armstrong,Rania A Tohme
Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) often results in chronic HBV infection, the leading cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer (1). If not vaccinated, nine in 10 children infected at birth will become chronically infected. Globally, an estimated 6.4 million (range = 4.4-10.8 million) children aged ≤5 years are living with chronic HBV infection (2). In 2016, the World Health
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Safety Monitoring of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Second Booster Doses Among Adults Aged ≥50 Years - United States, March 29, 2022-July 10, 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-29 Anne M Hause,James Baggs,Paige Marquez,Winston E Abara,Jane Baumblatt,Phillip G Blanc,John R Su,Brandon Hugueley,Casey Parker,Tanya R Myers,Julianne Gee,Tom T Shimabukuro,David K Shay
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends that all persons aged ≥5 years receive 1 booster dose of a COVID-19 vaccine after completion of their primary series.* On March 29, 2022, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorized a second mRNA booster dose ≥4 months after receipt of a first booster dose for adults aged ≥50 years and persons aged ≥12 years with moderate to severe
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Vital Signs: Drug Overdose Deaths, by Selected Sociodemographic and Social Determinants of Health Characteristics - 25 States and the District of Columbia, 2019-2020. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-22 Mbabazi Kariisa,Nicole L Davis,Sagar Kumar,Puja Seth,Christine L Mattson,Farnaz Chowdhury,Christopher M Jones
INTRODUCTION Drug overdose deaths increased approximately 30% from 2019 to 2020 in the United States. Examining rates by demographic and social determinants of health characteristics can identify disproportionately affected populations and inform strategies to reduce drug overdose deaths. METHODS Data from the State Unintentional Drug Overdose Reporting System (SUDORS) were used to analyze overdose
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Effectiveness of 2, 3, and 4 COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Doses Among Immunocompetent Adults During Periods when SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2/BA.2.12.1 Sublineages Predominated - VISION Network, 10 States, December 2021-June 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-22 Ruth Link-Gelles,Matthew E Levy,Manjusha Gaglani,Stephanie A Irving,Melissa Stockwell,Kristin Dascomb,Malini B DeSilva,Sarah E Reese,I-Chia Liao,Toan C Ong,Shaun J Grannis,Charlene McEvoy,Palak Patel,Nicola P Klein,Emily Hartmann,Edward Stenehjem,Karthik Natarajan,Allison L Naleway,Kempapura Murthy,Suchitra Rao,Brian E Dixon,Anupam B Kharbanda,Akintunde Akinseye,Monica Dickerson,Ned Lewis,Nancy Grisel
The Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, was first identified in the United States in November 2021, with the BA.1 sublineage (including BA.1.1) causing the largest surge in COVID-19 cases to date. Omicron sublineages BA.2 and BA.2.12.1 emerged later and by late April 2022, accounted for most cases.* Estimates of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) can be reduced
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Influenza Activity and Composition of the 2022-23 Influenza Vaccine - United States, 2021-22 Season. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-22 Angiezel Merced-Morales,Peter Daly,Anwar Isa Abd Elal,Noreen Ajayi,Ekow Annan,Alicia Budd,John Barnes,Arielle Colon,Charisse N Cummings,A Danielle Iuliano,Juliana DaSilva,Nick Dempster,Shikha Garg,Larisa Gubareva,Daneisha Hawkins,Amanda Howa,Stacy Huang,Marie Kirby,Krista Kniss,Rebecca Kondor,Jimma Liddell,Shunte Moon,Ha T Nguyen,Alissa O'Halloran,Catherine Smith,Thomas Stark,Katie Tastad,Dawud Ujamaa
Before the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, influenza activity in the United States typically began to increase in the fall and peaked in February. During the 2021-22 season, influenza activity began to increase in November and remained elevated until mid-June, featuring two distinct waves, with A(H3N2) viruses predominating for the entire season. This report summarizes influenza
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Symptoms of Mental Health Conditions and Suicidal Ideation Among State, Tribal, Local, and Territorial Public Health Workers - United States, March 14-25, 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-22 Ahoua Koné,Libby Horter,Isabel Thomas,Ramona Byrkit,Barbara Lopes-Cardozo,Carol Y Rao,Charles Rose
An increase in adverse mental health symptoms occurred in the general population at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which peaked in 2020 and subsequently decreased (1-3). The pandemic exacerbated existing stress and fatigue among public health workers responding to the public health crisis.* During March-April 2021, a survey of state, tribal, local, and territorial (STLT) public health workers
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Workplace Perceptions and Experiences Related to COVID-19 Response Efforts Among Public Health Workers - Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey, United States, September 2021-January 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-22 Rachel Hare Bork,Moriah Robins,Kay Schaffer,Jonathon P Leider,Brian C Castrucci
The COVID-19 pandemic has strained many essential frontline professionals, including public health workers*; however, few studies have evaluated the specific challenges facing public health workers during this period. Data from the 2021 Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey (PH WINS), a nationally representative survey of individual state and local governmental public health agency workers
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Rapid Diagnostic Testing for Response to the Monkeypox Outbreak - Laboratory Response Network, United States, May 17-June 30, 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-15 Tricia A Aden,Patricia Blevins,Shannon Whitman York,Stacy Rager,Devika Balachandran,Christina L Hutson,David Lowe,Chris N Mangal,Tyler Wolford,Audrey Matheny,Whitni Davidson,Kimberly Wilkins,Rachael Cook,Rebecca M Roulo,Michael K White,LaShondra Berman,Janna Murray,John Laurance,Drew Francis,Nicole M Green,Ricardo A Berumen,Anthony Gonzalez,Stacy Evans,Meghan Hudziec,Diane Noel,Michael Adjei,Gregory
As part of public health preparedness for infectious disease threats, CDC collaborates with other U.S. public health officials to ensure that the Laboratory Response Network (LRN) has diagnostic tools to detect Orthopoxviruses, the genus that includes Variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox. LRN is a network of state and local public health, federal, U.S. Department of Defense (DOD), veterinary
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Pediatric HIV Case Identification Across 22 PEPFAR-Supported Countries During the COVID-19 Pandemic, October 2019-September 2020. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-15 Ariana M Traub,Amy Medley,Jessica Gross,Margo Sloan,Anouk Amzel,Megan M Gleason,Nimasha B Fernando,Vincent Wong,Michael P Grillo,Hilary T Wolf,Teeb Al-Samarrai,Alean Frawley,Mosarwa Segwabe,Catherine Motswere,Evelyne Baramperanye,Valery Nzima,Magdalene Mange Mayer,Shirish Balachandra,Francois-Xavier N'siesi,Henri O Longuma,Patricia Nyembo,Sikhathele Mazibuko,Tsegaye Tilahun,Wondimu Teferi,Olbeg Desinor
During 2020, an estimated 150,000 persons aged 0-14 years acquired HIV globally (1). Case identification is the first step to ensure children living with HIV are linked to life-saving treatment, achieve viral suppression, and live long, healthy lives. Successful interventions to optimize pediatric HIV testing during the COVID-19 pandemic are needed to sustain progress toward achieving Joint United
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Notes from the Field: Outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis at a Correctional Facility Using Mechanically Separated Chicken - Nebraska, 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-15 Sadie J Oppegard,Andrea R Bethke,Benjamin A Davy,Ashley E Johnson,Justin L Daniel,Scott E Holmes
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Public Health Surveillance and Reporting for Human Toxoplasmosis - Six States, 2021. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-15 Jayden McCall,Laura Rothfeldt,Kelly Giesbrecht,Amanda Hunt,Leah Bauck,Joni Scheftel,Rachael Birn,Bryan Buss,Betsy Schroeder,Thomas E Haupt,Rachel Klos,Anne Straily
Toxoplasmosis is caused by infection with the zoonotic parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Although disease tends to be mild (e.g., self-limiting influenza-like symptoms) or asymptomatic in immunocompetent persons, toxoplasmosis is more severe in immunocompromised persons, who can develop potentially fatal encephalopathy (1). In addition, primary infections acquired during pregnancy might result in a range
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Safety Monitoring of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine First Booster Doses Among Persons Aged ≥12 Years with Presumed Immunocompromise Status - United States, January 12, 2022-March 28, 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-15 Anne M Hause,James Baggs,Paige Marquez,Winston E Abara,Jane Gwira Baumblatt,Deborah Thompson,John R Su,Tanya R Myers,Julianne Gee,Tom T Shimabukuro,David K Shay
Persons with moderate to severe immunocompromising conditions are at risk for severe COVID-19, and their immune response to COVID-19 vaccination might not be as robust as the response in persons who are not immunocompromised* (1). The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends that immunocompromised persons aged ≥12 years complete a 3-dose primary mRNA COVID-19 vaccination series
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Factors Associated with Severe Outcomes Among Immunocompromised Adults Hospitalized for COVID-19 - COVID-NET, 10 States, March 2020-February 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-08 Jason Robert C Singson,Pam Daily Kirley,Huong Pham,Gretchen Rothrock,Isaac Armistead,James Meek,Evan J Anderson,Libby Reeg,Ruth Lynfield,Susan Ropp,Alison Muse,Christina B Felsen,Melissa Sutton,H Keipp Talbot,Fiona P Havers,Christopher A Taylor,,Arthur Reingold,Shua J Chai
Immunocompromised persons are at increased risk for severe COVID-19-related outcomes, including intensive care unit (ICU) admission and death (1). Data on adults aged ≥18 years hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from 10 U.S. states in the COVID-19-Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID-NET) were analyzed to assess associations between immunocompromise and ICU admission
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Erratum: Vol. 71, No. 22: Pediatric Melatonin Ingestions - United States, 2012-2021. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-08
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QuickStats: Age-Adjusted Percentage* of Adults Aged ≥18 Years Who Met the 2018 Federal Physical Activity Guidelines for Both Muscle-Strengthening and Aerobic Physical Activity,† by Urbanization Level§ - National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2020¶. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-08
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County-Level Social Vulnerability and Emergency Department Visits for Firearm Injuries - 10 U.S. Jurisdictions, January 1, 2018-December 31, 2021. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-08 Miriam E Van Dyke,May S Chen,Michael Sheppard,J Danielle Sharpe,Lakshmi Radhakrishnan,Linda L Dahlberg,Thomas R Simon,Marissa L Zwald
At least 100,000 persons in the United States experience a fatal or nonfatal firearm injury each year.* CDC examined rates of firearm injury emergency department (ED) visits by community social vulnerability using data from CDC's Firearm Injury Surveillance Through Emergency Rooms (FASTER) program.† ED visit data, shared with CDC's National Syndromic Surveillance Program (NSSP)§ during 2018-2021, were
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Interim Analysis of Acute Hepatitis of Unknown Etiology in Children Aged <10 Years - United States, October 2021-June 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-01 Jordan Cates,Julia M Baker,Olivia Almendares,Anita K Kambhampati,Rachel M Burke,Neha Balachandran,Eleanor Burnett,Caelin C Potts,Sarah Reagan-Steiner,Hannah L Kirking,David Sugerman,Umesh D Parashar,Jacqueline E Tate,
On April 21, 2022, CDC issued a health advisory† encouraging U.S. clinicians to report all patients aged <10 years with hepatitis of unknown etiology to public health authorities, after identification of similar cases in both the United States (1) and Europe.§ A high proportion of initially reported patients had adenovirus detected in whole blood specimens, thus the health advisory encouraged clinicians
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Interim Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for Use of Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccines in Children Aged 6 Months-5 Years - United States, June 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-01 Katherine E Fleming-Dutra,Megan Wallace,Danielle L Moulia,Evelyn Twentyman,Lauren E Roper,Elisha Hall,Ruth Link-Gelles,Monica Godfrey,Kate R Woodworth,Tara C Anderson,Amy B Rubis,Edwin Shanley,Jefferson M Jones,Rebecca L Morgan,Oliver Brooks,H Keipp Talbot,Grace M Lee,Beth P Bell,Matthew Daley,Sarah Meyer,Sara E Oliver
On June 17, 2022, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) amendments for the mRNA-1273 (Moderna) COVID-19 vaccine for use in children aged 6 months-5 years, administered as 2 doses (25 µg [0.25 mL] each), 4 weeks apart, and BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) COVID-19 vaccine for use in children aged 6 months-4 years, administered as 3 doses (3 µg [0.2 mL] each), at intervals
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Updated U.S. Public Health Service Guideline for Testing of Transplant Candidates Aged <12 Years for Infection with HIV, Hepatitis B Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus - United States, 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-01 Rebecca J Free,Marilyn E Levi,James S Bowman,Danae Bixler,John T Brooks,Kate Buchacz,Anne Moorman,James Berger,Sridhar V Basavaraju
The U.S. Public Health Service (PHS) has periodically published recommendations about reducing the risk for transmission of HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) through solid organ transplantation (1-4). Updated guidance published in 2020 included the recommendation that all transplant candidates receive HIV, HBV, and HCV testing during hospital admission for transplant surgery
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Motor Vehicle Crash Deaths - United States and 28 Other High-Income Countries, 2015 and 2019. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-01 Merissa A Yellman,Erin K Sauber-Schatz
Motor vehicle crashes are preventable, yet they continue to be a leading cause of death in the United States. An average of 36,791 crash deaths occurred each year (101 deaths each day) during 2015-2019 in the United States. To measure progress in reducing motor vehicle crash deaths, CDC calculated population-based, distance-based, and vehicle-based death rates in 2015 and 2019, as well as average rates
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COVID-19 Vaccine Provider Availability and Vaccination Coverage Among Children Aged 5-11 Years - United States, November 1, 2021-April 25, 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-07-01 Jennifer DeCuir,Lu Meng,Yi Pan,Tara Vogt,Kevin Chatham-Stevens,Seth Meador,Lauren Shaw,Carla L Black,LaTreace Q Harris
COVID-19 can lead to severe outcomes in children, including multisystem inflammatory syndrome, hospitalization, and death (1,2). On November 2, 2021, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices issued an interim recommendation for use of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine in children aged 5-11 years for the prevention of COVID-19; however, vaccination coverage in this age group remains low
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Hospitalization and Emergency Department Encounters for COVID-19 After Paxlovid Treatment - California, December 2021-May 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-06-24 Deborah E Malden,Vennis Hong,Bruno J Lewin,Bradley K Ackerson,Marc Lipsitch,Joseph A Lewnard,Sara Y Tartof
Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) is a combination protease inhibitor that blocks replication of SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) and has been shown to reduce the risk for hospitalization and death among patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 who are at risk for progression to severe disease* (1). In December 2021, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued an Emergency Use Authorization
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Anemia Among Pregnant Women Participating in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children - United States, 2008-2018. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-06-24 Florence A Kanu,Heather C Hamner,Kelley S Scanlon,Andrea J Sharma
Among pregnant women, anemia, a condition of low hemoglobin concentration, can increase risk for maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, including premature delivery, and other adverse outcomes (1). Iron deficiency is a common cause of anemia, and during pregnancy, iron requirements increase (2). Surveillance of anemia during pregnancy in the United States is limited. The Special Supplemental Nutrition
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HIV Testing Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic - United States, 2019-2020. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-06-24 Elizabeth A DiNenno,Kevin P Delaney,Marc A Pitasi,Robin MacGowan,Gillian Miles,Andre Dailey,Cari Courtenay-Quirk,Kathy Byrd,Dominique Thomas,John T Brooks,Demetre Daskalakis,Nicoline Collins
HIV testing is a core strategy for the Ending the HIV Epidemic in the U.S. (EHE) initiative, which has the aim of reducing new HIV infections by at least 90% by 2030.* During 2016-2017, jurisdictions with the highest HIV diagnosis rates were those with higher prevalences of HIV testing; past-year HIV testing was higher among persons who reported recent HIV risk behaviors compared with those who did
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Dispensing of Oral Antiviral Drugs for Treatment of COVID-19 by Zip Code-Level Social Vulnerability - United States, December 23, 2021-May 21, 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-06-24 Jeremy A W Gold,James Kelleher,Jake Magid,Brendan R Jackson,Meghan E Pennini,Diana Kushner,Emily J Weston,Bobby Rasulnia,Sachiko Kuwabara,Kelly Bennett,Barbara E Mahon,Anita Patel,John Auerbach
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted and exacerbated long-standing inequities in the social determinants of health (1-3). Ensuring equitable access to effective COVID-19 therapies is essential to reducing health disparities. Molnupiravir (Lagevrio) and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) are oral antiviral agents effective at preventing hospitalization and death in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19
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Notes from the Field: Diagnosis and Investigation of Pneumonic Plague During a Respiratory Disease Pandemic - Wyoming, 2021. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-06-17 Allison W Siu,Courtney Tillman,Clay Van Houten,Ashley Busacker,Alexia Harrist
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Notes from the Field: COVID-19-Associated Mortality Risk Among Long-Term Care Facility Residents and Community-Dwelling Adults Aged ≥65 Years - Illinois, December 2020 and January 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-06-17 Daniel Lee,Catherine Counard,Angela Tang,Sarah Brister,Ngozi Ezike
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Genetic Characterization of Novel Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2 Viruses During Initial Use Phase Under Emergency Use Listing - Worldwide, March-October 2021. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-06-17 Javier Martin,Cara C Burns,Jaume Jorba,Lester M Shulman,Andrew Macadam,Dimitra Klapsa,Manasi Majumdar,James Bullows,Ann Frolov,Ryan Mate,Erika Bujaki,Christina J Castro,Kelley Bullard,John Konz,Kaija Hawes,Jillian Gauld,Isobel M Blake,Laina D Mercer,Feyrouz Kurji,Arie Voorman,Ousmane M Diop,M Steven Oberste,John Modlin,Grace Macklin,Martin Eisenhawer,Ananda S Bandyopadhyay,Simona Zipursky
The emergence and international spread of neurovirulent circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPVs) across multiple countries in Africa and Asia in recent years pose a major challenge to the goal of eradicating all forms of polioviruses. Approximately 90% of all cVDPV outbreaks are caused by the type 2 strain of the Sabin vaccine, an oral live, attenuated vaccine; cVDPV outbreaks typically occur
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Trends in Acute Hepatitis of Unspecified Etiology and Adenovirus Stool Testing Results in Children - United States, 2017-2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-06-17 Anita K Kambhampati,Rachel M Burke,Stephanie Dietz,Michael Sheppard,Olivia Almendares,Julia M Baker,Jordan Cates,Zachary Stein,Dylan Johns,Amanda R Smith,Lara Bull-Otterson,Megan G Hofmeister,Stacy Cobb,Suzanne E Dale,Karl A Soetebier,Caelin C Potts,Jennifer Adjemian,Aaron Kite-Powell,Kathleen P Hartnett,Hannah L Kirking,David Sugerman,Umesh D Parashar,Jacqueline E Tate
In November 2021, CDC was notified of a cluster of previously healthy children with hepatitis of unknown etiology evaluated at a single U.S. hospital (1). On April 21, 2022, following an investigation of this cluster and reports of similar cases in Europe (2,3), a health advisory* was issued requesting U.S. providers to report pediatric cases† of hepatitis of unknown etiology to public health authorities
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COVID-19 Cases and Hospitalizations Among Medicare Beneficiaries With and Without Disabilities - United States, January 1, 2020-November 20, 2021. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-06-17 Yan Yuan,JoAnn M Thierry,Lara Bull-Otterson,Marshalyn Yeargin-Allsopp,Kristie E N Clark,Catherine Rice,Matthew Ritchey,A Blythe Ryerson
Approximately 27% of adults in the United States live with a disability,* some of whom qualify for Medicare benefits. Persons with disabilities are at increased risk for severe COVID-19-associated outcomes compared with the general population (1); however, existing studies have limited generalizability† or only pertain to a specific disability (e.g., intellectual) (2). Older age is also associated
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Extreme Heat Exposure: Access and Barriers to Cooling Centers - Maricopa and Yuma Counties, Arizona, 2010-2020. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-06-17 Evan Mallen,Matthew Roach,Laura Fox,Elizabeth Gillespie,Lance Watkins,David M Hondula,Ambarish Vaidyanathan,Arie Manangan,Ayana N Perkins,Paul J Schramm
Extreme heat exposure increases the risk for heat-related illnesses (HRIs) and deaths, and comprehensive strategies to prevent HRIs are increasingly important in a warming climate (1). An estimated 702 HRI-associated deaths and 67,512 HRI-associated emergency department visits occur in the United States each year (2,3). In 2020, Phoenix and Yuma, Arizona, experienced a record 145 and 148 days, respectively
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Ventilation Improvement Strategies Among K-12 Public Schools - The National School COVID-19 Prevention Study, United States, February 14-March 27, 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-06-10 Sanjana Pampati,Catherine N Rasberry,Luke McConnell,Zach Timpe,Sarah Lee,Patricia Spencer,Shamia Moore,Kenneth R Mead,Colleen Crittenden Murray,Xiaoyi Deng,Ronaldo Iachan,Tasneem Tripathi,Stephen B Martin,Lisa C Barrios
Effective COVID-19 prevention in kindergarten through grade 12 (K-12) schools requires multicomponent prevention strategies in school buildings and school-based transportation, including improving ventilation (1). Improved ventilation can reduce the concentration of infectious aerosols and duration of potential exposures (2,3), is linked to lower COVID-19 incidence (4), and can offer other health-related
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Monkeypox Outbreak - Nine States, May 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-06-10 Faisal S Minhaj,Yasmin P Ogale,Florence Whitehill,Jordan Schultz,Mary Foote,Whitni Davidson,Christine M Hughes,Kimberly Wilkins,Laura Bachmann,Ryan Chatelain,Marisa A P Donnelly,Rafael Mendoza,Barbara L Downes,Mellisa Roskosky,Meghan Barnes,Glen R Gallagher,Nesli Basgoz,Victoria Ruiz,Nang Thu Thu Kyaw,Amanda Feldpausch,Amy Valderrama,Francisco Alvarado-Ramy,Chad H Dowell,Catherine C Chow,Yu Li,Laura
On May 17, 2022, the Massachusetts Department of Public Health (MDPH) Laboratory Response Network (LRN) laboratory confirmed the presence of orthopoxvirus DNA via real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from lesion swabs obtained from a Massachusetts resident. Orthopoxviruses include Monkeypox virus, the causative agent of monkeypox. Subsequent real-time PCR testing at CDC on May 18 confirmed that
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Notes from the Field: Initial Outbreak Response Activity Following Wild Poliovirus Type 1 Detection - Malawi, February 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-06-10 ,,Elizabeth Davlantes
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COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage, by Race and Ethnicity - National Immunization Survey Adult COVID Module, United States, December 2020-November 2021. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-06-10 Jennifer L Kriss,Mei-Chuan Hung,Anup Srivastav,Carla L Black,Megan C Lindley,James T Lee,Ram Koppaka,Yuping Tsai,Peng-Jun Lu,David Yankey,Laurie D Elam-Evans,James A Singleton
Some racial and ethnic minority groups have experienced disproportionately higher rates of COVID-19-related illness and mortality (1,2). Vaccination is highly effective in preventing severe COVID-19 illness and death (3), and equitable vaccination can reduce COVID-19-related disparities. CDC analyzed data from the National Immunization Survey Adult COVID Module (NIS-ACM), a random-digit-dialed cellular
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Characteristics of Adults Aged ≥18 Years Evaluated for Substance Use and Treatment Planning - United States, 2019. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-06-10 Akadia Kacha-Ochana,Christopher M Jones,Jody L Green,Christopher Dunphy,Taryn Dailey Govoni,Rebekkah S Robbins,Gery P Guy
In 2019, 65.8 million U.S. adults reported past-month binge drinking and 35.8 million reported illicit drug use or prescription pain reliever misuse during the past month; 20.4 million met diagnostic criteria for a substance use disorder during the past year (1). Approximately 81,000 persons died of a drug overdose* during May 2019-May 2020; excessive alcohol use contributes to an estimated 95,000
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Use of JYNNEOS (Smallpox and Monkeypox Vaccine, Live, Nonreplicating) for Preexposure Vaccination of Persons at Risk for Occupational Exposure to Orthopoxviruses: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices - United States, 2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-06-03 Agam K Rao,Brett W Petersen,Florence Whitehill,Jafar H Razeq,Stuart N Isaacs,Michael J Merchlinsky,Doug Campos-Outcalt,Rebecca L Morgan,Inger Damon,Pablo J Sánchez,Beth P Bell
Certain laboratorians and health care personnel can be exposed to orthopoxviruses through occupational activities. Because orthopoxvirus infections resulting from occupational exposures can be serious, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) has continued to recommend preexposure vaccination for these persons since 1980 (1), when smallpox was eradicated (2). In 2015, ACIP made recommendations
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Notes from the Field: Lead Poisoning in a Family of Five Resulting from Use of Traditional Glazed Ceramic Ware - New York City, 2017-2022. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. (IF 35.301) Pub Date : 2022-06-03 Paromita Hore,Kolapo Alex-Oni,Nevila Bardhi,Slavenka Sedlar