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Targeting cancer with small-molecule pan-KRAS degraders Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Johannes Popow, William Farnaby, Andreas Gollner, Christiane Kofink, Gerhard Fischer, Melanie Wurm, David Zollman, Andre Wijaya, Nikolai Mischerikow, Carina Hasenoehrl, Polina Prokofeva, Heribert Arnhof, Silvia Arce-Solano, Sammy Bell, Georg Boeck, Emelyne Diers, Aileen B. Frost, Jake Goodwin-Tindall, Jale Karolyi-Oezguer, Shakil Khan, Theresa Klawatsch, Manfred Koegl, Roland Kousek, Barbara Kratochvil
Mutations in the Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) protein are highly prevalent in cancer. However, small-molecule concepts that address oncogenic KRAS alleles remain elusive beyond replacing glycine at position 12 with cysteine (G12C), which is clinically drugged through covalent inhibitors. Guided by biophysical and structural studies of ternary complexes, we designed a heterobifunctional
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Psychedelic research at a crossroads Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Stacey B. Armstrong, Alan K. Davis
There is an urgent need to develop better treatments for mental health conditions that affect one in every eight people in the world. To combat this concern, psychedelic drugs have been combined with psychotherapy and studied in clinical trials in the United States and Europe. Psychedelics are hallucinogenic drugs that alter brain activity and facilitate altered states of consciousness. The proposed
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Ice skater Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Robin George Andrews
Beneath Europa’s icy crust is a salty ocean, perhaps the best place in the Solar System to look for life. A NASA spacecraft will soon set off to probe the jovian moon
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Radical-mediated click-clip reactions Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Jiantao Zhao, Huacheng Yu, Xingchen Jin, Bo Qin, Shan Mei, Jiang-Fei Xu, Xi Zhang
Click reactions, which are characterized by rapid, high-yielding, and highly selective coupling of two reaction partners, are powerful tools in synthesis but are rarely reversible. Innovative strategies that reverse such couplings in a precise and on-demand manner, enabling a click-clip sequence, would greatly expand the technique’s versatility. Herein, a click and clip reaction pair is demonstrated
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Origin and fate of the pseudogap in the doped Hubbard model Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Fedor Šimkovic, Riccardo Rossi, Antoine Georges, Michel Ferrero
The relationship between the pseudogap and underlying ground-state phases has not yet been rigorously established. We investigated the doped two-dimensional Hubbard model at finite temperature using controlled diagrammatic Monte Carlo calculations, allowing for the computation of spectral properties in the infinite-size limit and with arbitrary momentum resolution. We found three distinct regimes as
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Hot and cold Earth through time. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Benjamin J W Mills
Reconstructing ancient Earth's temperature reveals a global climate regulation system.
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Pushing the boundaries of gravitational wave detection. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Yoichi Aso
Broadband reduction of quantum noise should accelerate discovery.
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KRAS takes the road to destruction. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Adrienne D Cox,Channing J Der
A single small molecule degrades numerous KRAS variants involved in cancer.
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The complex affective and cognitive capacities of rats Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Inbal Ben-Ami Bartal
For several decades, although studies of rat physiology and behavior have abounded, research on rat emotions has been limited in scope to fear, anxiety, and pain. Converging evidence for the capacity of many species to share others’ affective states has emerged, sparking interest in the empathic capacities of rats. Recent research has demonstrated that rats are a highly cooperative species and are
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A 485-million-year history of Earth’s surface temperature Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Emily J. Judd, Jessica E. Tierney, Daniel J. Lunt, Isabel P. Montañez, Brian T. Huber, Scott L. Wing, Paul J. Valdes
A long-term record of global mean surface temperature (GMST) provides critical insight into the dynamical limits of Earth’s climate and the complex feedbacks between temperature and the broader Earth system. Here, we present PhanDA, a reconstruction of GMST over the past 485 million years, generated by statistically integrating proxy data with climate model simulations. PhanDA exhibits a large range
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The coming microbial crisis: Our antibiotic bubble is about to burst Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Andreas J. Bäumler
This month, the United Nations (UN) General Assembly will convene its second High-Level Meeting on antimicrobial resistance , urging UN member states to take decisive action against this growing threat. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has released a list of the drug-resistant bacterial and fungal infections that pose the greatest concern to public health. Yet, despite increasing
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Germline mutations in a G protein identify signaling cross-talk in T cells Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Hyoungjun Ham, Huie Jing, Ian T. Lamborn, Megan M. Kober, Alexey Koval, Yamina A. Berchiche, D. Eric Anderson, Kirk M. Druey, Judith N. Mandl, Bertrand Isidor, Carlos R. Ferreira, Alexandra F. Freeman, Sundar Ganesan, Meliha Karsak, Peter J. Mustillo, Juliana Teo, Zarazuela Zolkipli-Cunningham, Nicolas Chatron, François Lecoquierre, Andrew J. Oler, Jana Pachlopnik Schmid, Douglas B. Kuhns, Xuehua Xu
Humans with monogenic inborn errors responsible for extreme disease phenotypes can reveal essential physiological pathways. We investigated germline mutations in GNAI2 , which encodes G αi2 , a key component in heterotrimeric G protein signal transduction usually thought to regulate adenylyl cyclase–mediated cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production. Patients with activating G αi2 mutations
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U.S. agency drops controversial changes to misconduct rules. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Jeffrey Mervis
In first regulatory overhaul in 20 years, Office of Research Integrity takes modest steps toward greater transparency.
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The evolutionary history of wild and domestic brown rats ( Rattus norvegicus ) Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Jason Munshi-South, Joseph A. Garcia, David Orton, Megan Phifer-Rixey
The brown rat ( Rattus norvegicus ) occupies nearly every terrestrial habitat with a human presence and is one of our most important model organisms. Despite this prevalence, gaps remain in understanding the evolution of brown rat commensalism, their global dispersal, and mechanisms underlying contemporary adaptations to diverse environments. In this Review, we explore recent advances in the evolutionary
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Atmospheric blocking slows ocean-driven melting of Greenland’s largest glacier tongue Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Rebecca Adam McPherson, Claudia Wekerle, Torsten Kanzow, Monica Ionita, Finn Ole Heukamp, Ole Zeising, Angelika Humbert
Mass loss from the Greenland ice sheet has contributed to global sea-level rise over the past 20 years. Yet direct observations from the 79 North Glacier (79NG) calving front reveal decreasing Atlantic Intermediate Water (AIW) temperatures below the ice tongue from 2018 to 2021, leading to reduced ocean heat transport. This is linked to a concurrent decrease in basal melt and thinning rates at the
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High-fidelity teleportation of a logical qubit using transversal gates and lattice surgery Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 C. Ryan-Anderson, N. C. Brown, C. H. Baldwin, J. M. Dreiling, C. Foltz, J. P. Gaebler, T. M. Gatterman, N. Hewitt, C. Holliman, C. V. Horst, J. Johansen, D. Lucchetti, T. Mengle, M. Matheny, Y. Matsuoka, K. Mayer, M. Mills, S. A. Moses, B. Neyenhuis, J. Pino, P. Siegfried, R. P. Stutz, J. Walker, D. Hayes
Quantum state teleportation is commonly used in designs for large-scale quantum computers. Using Quantinuum’s H2 trapped-ion quantum processor, we demonstrate fault-tolerant state teleportation circuits for a quantum error correction code—specifically the Steane code. The circuits use up to 30 qubits at the physical level and employ real-time quantum error correction. We conducted experiments on several
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The global war on island rats. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Elizabeth Pennisi
Invasive rodents wreak havoc on island wildlife. How we learned to fight back.
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Artificial kinetochore beads establish a biorientation-like state in the spindle Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Kohei Asai, Yuanzhuo Zhou, Osamu Takenouchi, Tomoya S. Kitajima
Faithful chromosome segregation requires biorientation, where the pair of kinetochores on the chromosome establish bipolar microtubule attachment. The integrity of the kinetochore, a macromolecular complex built on centromeric DNA, is required for biorientation, but components sufficient for biorientation remain unknown. Here, we show that tethering the outer kinetochore heterodimer NDC80-NUF2 to the
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Emerging patterns in rodent-borne zoonotic diseases Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Felicia Keesing, Richard S. Ostfeld
Rodents are ubiquitous and typically unwelcome dwellers in human habitats worldwide, infesting homes, farm fields, and agricultural stores and potentially shedding disease-causing microbes into the most human-occupied of spaces. Of the vertebrate animal taxa that share pathogens with us, rodents are the most abundant and diverse, with hundreds of species of confirmed zoonotic hosts, some of which have
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NIH ends funding for key parasitology database. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Meredith Wadman
Trove of data-mining resources on malaria and other killers will need donations to stay alive.
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The prion principle and Alzheimer's disease. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Lary C Walker,Mathias Jucker
Similarities to molecular mechanisms underlying prion diseases may help to refine Alzheimer's disease therapies.
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Pediatrics academy faces pushback on GMO advice. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Meredith Wadman
"Fearmongering" guidelines ignore wealth of scientific evidence, critics say.
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Large library docking identifies positive allosteric modulators of the calcium-sensing receptor Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Fangyu Liu, Cheng-Guo Wu, Chia-Ling Tu, Isabella Glenn, Justin Meyerowitz, Anat Levit Kaplan, Jiankun Lyu, Zhiqiang Cheng, Olga O. Tarkhanova, Yurii S. Moroz, John J. Irwin, Wenhan Chang, Brian K. Shoichet, Georgios Skiniotis
Positive allosteric modulator (PAM) drugs enhance the activation of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and suppress parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion. Unfortunately, these hyperparathyroidism-treating drugs can induce hypocalcemia and arrhythmias. Seeking improved modulators, we docked libraries of 2.7 million and 1.2 billion molecules against the CaSR structure. The billion-molecule docking found
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Claim of seafloor 'dark oxygen' faces doubts. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Paul Voosen
Mining companies and others skeptical that metallic nodules electrically split seawater.
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Squeezing the quantum noise of a gravitational-wave detector below the standard quantum limit. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Wenxuan Jia,Victoria Xu,Kevin Kuns,Masayuki Nakano,Lisa Barsotti,Matthew Evans,Nergis Mavalvala,,R Abbott,I Abouelfettouh,R X Adhikari,A Ananyeva,S Appert,K Arai,N Aritomi,S M Aston,M Ball,S W Ballmer,D Barker,B K Berger,J Betzwieser,D Bhattacharjee,G Billingsley,N Bode,E Bonilla,V Bossilkov,A Branch,A F Brooks,D D Brown,J Bryant,C Cahillane,H Cao,E Capote,Y Chen,F Clara,J Collins,C M Compton,R Cottingham
The Heisenberg uncertainty principle dictates that the position and momentum of an object cannot be simultaneously measured with arbitrary precision, giving rise to an apparent limitation known as the standard quantum limit (SQL). Gravitational-wave detectors use photons to continuously measure the positions of freely falling mirrors and so are affected by the SQL. We investigated the performance of
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Bill targeting Chinese firms worries U.S. researchers. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Robert F Service
Biosecure Act could hinder science collaborations, limit sequencer purchases.
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MAYEX is an old long noncoding RNA recruited for X chromosome dosage compensation in a reptile Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Mariela Tenorio, Samantha Cruz-Ruiz, Sergio Encarnación-Guevara, Magdalena Hernández, Jose Antonio Corona-Gomez, Fania Sheccid-Santiago, Joanna Serwatowska, Sinai López-Perdomo, Cynthia D. Flores-Aguirre, Diego M. Arenas-Moreno, Robert J. Ossiboff, Fausto Méndez-de-la-Cruz, Selene L. Fernandez-Valverde, Mario Zurita, Katarzyna Oktaba, Diego Cortez
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are essential regulatory elements of sex chromosomes that act to equalize gene expression levels between males and females. XIST , RSX , and roX2 regulate X chromosomes in placental mammals, marsupials, and Drosophila , respectively. Because the green anole ( Anolis carolinensis ) shows complete dosage compensation of its X chromosome, we tested whether a lncRNA was involved
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A decarbonylative approach to alkylnickel intermediates and C(sp 3 )-C(sp 3 ) bond formation Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Zhidao Huang, Michelle E. Akana, Kyana M. Sanders, Daniel J. Weix
The myriad nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions rely on the formation of an organonickel intermediate, but limitations in forming monoalkylnickel species have limited options for C(sp 3 ) cross-coupling. The formation of monoalkylnickel(II) species from abundant carboxylic acid esters would be valuable, but carboxylic acid derivatives are primarily decarboxylated to form alkyl radicals that lack
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Twenty years of microplastics pollution research—what have we learned? Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Richard C. Thompson, Winnie Courtene-Jones, Julien Boucher, Sabine Pahl, Karen Raubenheimer, Albert A. Koelmans
Twenty years after the first publication using the term microplastics, we review current understanding, refine definitions and consider future prospects. Microplastics arise from multiple sources including tires, textiles, cosmetics, paint and the fragmentation of larger items. They are widely distributed throughout the natural environment with evidence of harm at multiple levels of biological organization
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A crystallized view of acid-base chemistry. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Andrew R Jupp
The structural relationship between Lewis adduct isomers is resolved.
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Going deep on marine lipid metabolism. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Florence Schubotz
Marine bacteria cooperate to degrade lipids in sinking particulate organic matter.
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Decoding the surface of a complex oxide. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Franz J Giessibl,Alfred John Weymouth
Atomic force microscopy reveals the elusive structure of the aluminum oxide surface.
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Anticancer drugs imperil Asian tree species. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Gao Chen,Xiang-Hai Cai,Jia Tang,Guillaume Chomicki,Susanne S Renner
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Generative AI as a tool for truth. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Bence Bago,Jean-François Bonnefon
Conversation with a trained chatbot can reduce conspiratorial beliefs.
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Managing emissions with smart city technology. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Danfeng He,Xiaolin Zhang,Fujiang Zhou
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Old poliovirus sample hints at recent lab leak. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Kai Kupferschmidt
Strain that infected a Chinese child in 2014 is close to one Albert Sabin sent to Paris in 1960.
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No 'collapse' for ancient people on Rapa Nui. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Rodrigo Peréz Ortega
New genomic, archaeological evidence counters influential tale of ecological suicide.
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Open access is shaping scientific communication. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Mark J McCabe,Frank Mueller-Langer
Funders and publishers should roll out policies in ways to support their evaluation.
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Strong El Niños primed Earth for mass extinction. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Paul Voosen
Extreme weather sparked by ocean shifts set stage for Great Dying 250 million years ago.
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Duplicated phrases in peer review draw scrutiny. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Jeffrey Brainard
Hundreds of papers bear signs of reviewers using templates for personal gain.
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Hunt for longevity drugs gets new life. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Mitch Leslie
Decades-old project has new funding and a new set of compounds to test.
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What ionized the universe? JWST finds too many culprits. Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Daniel Clery
Observatory reveals a surfeit of ultraviolet light from the first stars and giant black holes.
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Of the first five US states with food waste bans, Massachusetts alone has reduced landfill waste Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Fiorentia Zoi Anglou, Robert Evan Sanders, Ioannis Stamatopoulos
Diverting food waste from landfills is crucial to reduce emissions and meet Paris Agreement targets. Between 2014 and 2024, nine US states banned commercial waste generators—such as grocery chains—from landfilling food waste, expecting a 10 to 15% waste reduction. However, no evaluation of these bans exists. We compile a comprehensive waste dataset covering 36 US states between 1996 and 2019 to evaluate
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H 2 O 2 sulfenylates CHE, linking local infection to the establishment of systemic acquired resistance Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Lijun Cao, Sargis Karapetyan, Heejin Yoo, Tianyuan Chen, Musoki Mwimba, Xing Zhang, Xinnian Dong
In plants, a local infection can lead to systemic acquired resistance (SAR) through increased production of salicylic acid (SA). For many years, the identity of the mobile signal and its direct transduction mechanism for systemic SA synthesis in initiating SAR have been debated. We found that in Arabidopsis thaliana , after a local infection, the conserved cysteine residue of the transcription factor
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Stoichiometric reconstruction of the Al 2 O 3 (0001) surface Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Johanna I. Hütner, Andrea Conti, David Kugler, Florian Mittendorfer, Georg Kresse, Michael Schmid, Ulrike Diebold, Jan Balajka
Macroscopic properties of materials stem from fundamental atomic-scale details, yet for insulators, resolving surface structures remains a challenge. We imaged the basal (0001) plane of α–aluminum oxide (α-Al 2 O 3 ) using noncontact atomic force microscopy with an atomically defined tip apex. The surface formed a complex ( 31 × 31 ) R ±9° reconstruction. The lateral positions of the individual oxygen
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Insulating electromagnetic-shielding silicone compound enables direct potting electronics Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Xinfeng Zhou, Peng Min, Yue Liu, Meng Jin, Zhong-Zhen Yu, Hao-Bin Zhang
Traditional electromagnetic interference–shielding materials are predominantly electrically conductive, posing short-circuit risks when applied in highly integrated electronics. To overcome this dilemma, we propose a microcapacitor-structure model comprising conductive fillers as polar plates and intermediate polymer as a dielectric layer to develop insulating electromagnetic interference–shielding
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Exploiting the mechanical effects of ultrasound for noninvasive therapy Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Meaghan A. O’Reilly
Focused ultrasound is a platform technology capable of eliciting a wide range of biological responses with high spatial precision deep within the body. Although focused ultrasound is already in clinical use for focal thermal ablation of tissue, there has been a recent growth in development and translation of ultrasound-mediated nonthermal therapies. These approaches exploit the physical forces of ultrasound
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Autoregulated splicing of TRA2 β programs T cell fate in response to antigen-receptor stimulation Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Timofey A. Karginov, Antoine Ménoret, Nathan K. Leclair, Andrew G. Harrison, Karthik Chandiran, Jenny E. Suarez-Ramirez, Marina Yurieva, Keaton Karlinsey, Penghua Wang, Rachel J. O’Neill, Patrick A. Murphy, Adam J. Adler, Linda S. Cauley, Olga Anczuków, Beiyan Zhou, Anthony T. Vella
T cell receptor (TCR) sensitivity to peptide–major histocompatibility complex (MHC) dictates T cell fate. Canonical models of TCR sensitivity cannot be fully explained by transcriptional regulation. In this work, we identify a posttranscriptional regulatory mechanism of TCR sensitivity that guides alternative splicing of TCR signaling transcripts through an evolutionarily ultraconserved poison exon
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Microbial dietary preference and interactions affect the export of lipids to the deep ocean Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Lars Behrendt, Uria Alcolombri, Jonathan E. Hunter, Steven Smriga, Tracy Mincer, Daniel P. Lowenstein, Yutaka Yawata, François J. Peaudecerf, Vicente I. Fernandez, Helen F. Fredricks, Henrik Almblad, Joe J. Harrison, Roman Stocker, Benjamin A. S. Van Mooy
Lipids comprise a significant fraction of sinking organic matter in the ocean and play a crucial role in the carbon cycle. Despite this, our understanding of the processes that control lipid degradation is limited. We combined nanolipidomics and imaging to study the bacterial degradation of diverse algal lipid droplets and found that bacteria isolated from marine particles exhibited distinct dietary
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Biogenic secondary organic aerosol participates in plant interactions and herbivory defense Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Hao Yu, Angela Buchholz, Iida Pullinen, Silja Saarela, Zijun Li, Annele Virtanen, James D. Blande
Biogenic secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) can be formed from the oxidation of plant volatiles in the atmosphere. Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) can elicit plant defenses, but whether such ecological functions persist after they form SOAs was previously unknown. Here we show that Scots pine seedlings damaged by large pine weevils feeding on their roots release HIPVs that trigger defenses
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ChatGPT to the rescue? Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 H. Holden Thorp
For years, but especially since the pandemic, this page and many others in Science and elsewhere have been filled with lamentations about the spread of scientific misinformation—and hand wringing on how to prevent it. High-speed sharing and the relentless activity of social media influencers have made this difficult problem even worse. Dangerous skepticism about the COVID-19 vaccine, for example, continues
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Offsets, carbon markets, and climate and economic justice Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Rohini Pande
Today, 682 million people , or 8.5% of the world’s population, live in extreme poverty, which the World Bank defines as subsisting on less than $2.15 per day. The majority live in low-income and lower-middle-income countries . The traditional pathway for economic development available to these countries has historically required a lot of energy; the world’s richest countries frequently have the highest
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Post-2030 global goals need explicit targets for cities and businesses Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Xuemei Bai
The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), universally adopted by all 193 United Nations (UN) Member States in 2015, represent a shared vision for people and the planet. With a framework containing 169 targets and 248 indicators, the SDGs stipulate an aspirational agenda for global society to achieve by 2030. Since their adoption, SDGs have been impactful in some respects. They frequently appear
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Inherent symmetry and flexibility in hepatitis B virus subviral particles Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Quan Wang, Tao Wang, Lin Cao, An Mu, Sheng Fu, Peipei Wang, Yan Gao, Wenxin Ji, Zhenyu Liu, Zhanqiang Du, Luke W. Guddat, Wenchi Zhang, Shuang Li, Xuemei Li, Zhiyong Lou, Xiangxi Wang, Zhongyu Hu, Zihe Rao
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses a major global health challenge with massive morbidity and mortality. Despite a preventive vaccine, current treatments provide limited virus clearance, necessitating lifelong commitment. The HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) is crucial for diagnosis and prognosis, yet its high-resolution structure and assembly on the virus envelope remain elusive. Utilizing
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Characterization of a Lewis adduct in its inner and outer forms Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Wei-Chun Liu, François P. Gabbaï
The entrance channel of bimolecular reactions sometimes involves the formation of outer complexes as weakly bound, fleeting intermediates. Here, we characterize such an outer complex in a system that models the bimolecular, C-O bond–forming reaction of a phosphine oxide Lewis base with a carbenium Lewis acid. Crystallographic studies show that the C-O distance in the outer form exceeds that of the
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Solvent-mediated oxide hydrogenation in layered cathodes Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Gang Wan, Travis P. Pollard, Lin Ma, Marshall A. Schroeder, Chia-Chin Chen, Zihua Zhu, Zhan Zhang, Cheng-Jun Sun, Jiyu Cai, Harry L. Thaman, Arturas Vailionis, Haoyuan Li, Shelly Kelly, Zhenxing Feng, Joseph Franklin, Steven P. Harvey, Ye Zhang, Yingge Du, Zonghai Chen, Christopher J. Tassone, Hans-Georg Steinrück, Kang Xu, Oleg Borodin, Michael F. Toney
Self-discharge and chemically induced mechanical effects degrade calendar and cycle life in intercalation-based electrochromic and electrochemical energy storage devices. In rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, self-discharge in cathodes causes voltage and capacity loss over time. The prevailing self-discharge model centers on the diffusion of lithium ions from the electrolyte into the cathode. We demonstrate
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Durably reducing conspiracy beliefs through dialogues with AI Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Thomas H. Costello, Gordon Pennycook, David G. Rand
Conspiracy theory beliefs are notoriously persistent. Influential hypotheses propose that they fulfill important psychological needs, thus resisting counterevidence. Yet previous failures in correcting conspiracy beliefs may be due to counterevidence being insufficiently compelling and tailored. To evaluate this possibility, we leveraged developments in generative artificial intelligence and engaged
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A rockslide-generated tsunami in a Greenland fjord rang Earth for 9 days Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Kristian Svennevig, Stephen P. Hicks, Thomas Forbriger, Thomas Lecocq, Rudolf Widmer-Schnidrig, Anne Mangeney, Clément Hibert, Niels J. Korsgaard, Antoine Lucas, Claudio Satriano, Robert E. Anthony, Aurélien Mordret, Sven Schippkus, Søren Rysgaard, Wieter Boone, Steven J. Gibbons, Kristen L. Cook, Sylfest Glimsdal, Finn Løvholt, Koen Van Noten, Jelle D. Assink, Alexis Marboeuf, Anthony Lomax, Kris
Climate change is increasingly predisposing polar regions to large landslides. Tsunamigenic landslides have occurred recently in Greenland ( Kalaallit Nunaat ), but none have been reported from the eastern fjords. In September 2023, we detected the start of a 9-day-long, global 10.88-millihertz (92-second) monochromatic very-long-period (VLP) seismic signal, originating from East Greenland. In this
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Mega El Niño instigated the end-Permian mass extinction Science (IF 44.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Yadong Sun, Alexander Farnsworth, Michael M. Joachimski, Paul B. Wignall, Leopold Krystyn, David P. G. Bond, Domenico C. G. Ravidà, Paul J. Valdes
The ultimate driver of the end-Permian mass extinction is a topic of much debate. Here, we used a multiproxy and paleoclimate modeling approach to establish a unifying theory elucidating the heightened susceptibility of the Pangean world to the prolonged and intensified El Niño events leading to an extinction state. As atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide doubled from about 410 to about 860