Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EcM) trees are commonly represented in tropical forests, but their response to warming is generally not known. We conducted a long-term (9-year) field experiment in subtropical China by translocating AM tree species (Machilus breviflora and Schima superba) and EcM tree species (Syzygium rehderianum and Castanopsis hystrix) from a cooler high-elevation

Trees provide numerous benefits to communities, but pose a risk when they are damaged. The likelihood that trees will be damaged in a windstorm is increasing due to climate change, as wind trends are changing as the climate warms, and rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations could alter the resistance of trees to wind damage. To address these concerns, we created a tree damage model that integrates results

In the context of global warming, the advancement of spring phenology in northern and temperate regions due to increased temperatures has been widely reported. Early and delayed start of the photosynthetic period (SOP) directly affects the vegetation net primary productivity (NPP). However, the interrelationship between climate change, the SOP, and the NPP is unclear. In this paper, we use the dynamics

The maturity group (MG) system is a widely recognized and effective approach for assessing the photothermal sensitivity of soybean cultivars and determining their optimal adaptation zones. In China, soybean have been cultivated extensively for thousands of years, evolving into various ecotypes through natural and artificial selection. In this study, the relative maturity groups (RMGs) of a total of

Sweet potato is widely cultivated in China because of its drought tolerance, low planting cost and richness in various nutrients, such as crude protein, carbohydrates, and cellulose. Field experiments were conducted at the Special Potato Experimental Station, China Agricultural University, Rizhao City, Shandong Province, China, in 2020 and 2021 to investigate the effects of film mulching and soil wetted

Natural esters have emerged as a viable and sustainable alternate for liquid insulation in power transformers. However, the natural esters currently used for transformer applications are extracted from edible sources, leading to concerns about their impact on the food supply. In order to overcome this issue, studies on the dielectric properties of non-edible natural esters have received a lot of attention

Thermal treatment is gaining increasing attention for bamboo modification in practical production due to its advantages of simplicity, effectiveness and environmental friendliness, particularly in the production of bamboo scrimber. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of two typical thermal modification methods on the physical, mechanical and fire performance of bamboo scrimber

The increasing demand for sustainable agricultural practices has led to a growing need to develop novel eco-friendly fertilizers that can improve crop productivity and preserve soil quality. Research uses the distinctive characteristics of cellulose as a decomposable, and versatile biopolymer and presents an effective approach to producing fertilizers based on cellulose. This paper describes the synthesis

This review emphasizes the significance of combining regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) with woody crops, as they have higher water productivity (WP) and are tolerant to mild water deficits. After conducting the analysis, it was found that for most woody crops, reducing irrigation water by 20.0–30.0% has a negligible impact on yield, typically within a variation range of 10.0%, and it leads to an increase

In arid oasis regions, water resources are severely scarce, with agricultural water usage far exceeding that of more humid areas. As a result, assessing non-productive water losses in farmland becomes crucial for estimating the water requirements reliant on irrigation for oasis cultivation. From April 2018 to October 2021, we established an observation system in the Minqin Oasis farmland. By utilizing

Comprehending crop responses to water deficit at different growth stages is crucial for developing effective irrigation strategies. Different water deficit treatments (WDTs) were applied to the kiwifruit vines to investigate the effect of water deficit during different growth stages on the fruit quality, yield, and water productivity (WP); subsequently, the technique for order preference by similarity

Water, energy, and food are linked in intricate ways in irrigated agriculture and understanding the interplay of these components is crucial for sustainable and profitable crop production, particularly in smallholder setting such as in sub-Saharan Africa. This study evaluates water-energy-food linkages, engineering and economic performance, irrigation decision making, and challenges faced around water

Trees have an indispensable role to play in the hydrological cycle. The process of interception by tree canopies alters the magnitude, pathway, and intensity of rainfall reaching the ground. This study investigates the rainfall intensity-attenuating effects of canopy interception by open-grown birch trees (Betula pendula Roth.) in an urban environment and the influence of atmospheric variables. Rainfall

Agricultural irrigation is important in boosting crop yields in especially water-stressed regions, but little is known about the distinct climatic effects induced by different irrigation methods, particularly in the North China Plain (NCP) where irrigation is applied extensively. Here we examine the climatic effects of flood (FI), sprinkler (SI) and drip irrigation (DI) over NCP during the growing

Single biochar application has remarkable potential to improve soil ecosystem multifunctionality (SEMF) and crop yield because of its legacy effect or residual effect. However, the legacy effect (i.e., duration and magnitude) of single biochar application, especially for acidic soil is far from thoroughly understood. A field experiment with the single factor randomized block design in an acidic paddy

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is an important vegetable crop around the world, and water scarcity and soil salinization are two major unfavorable factors limiting the fruit yield and quality of greenhouse tomato in arid and semi-arid regions. The application of exogenous silicon has been reported to enhance tomato yield under salt or drought stress, but its effect under combined salt-drought stress

The efficient use of water and nutrients in leafy vegetable crops can be improved by effective water management, whereas the form of the supplied nitrogen may affect their quality and productivity. Sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus L.), a widespread weed collected and consumed as a wild vegetable in the past, currently attracts a high interest for commercial cultivation due to its high nutritional value

Promoting root growth is essential for improving crop yields and the efficient use of soil nutrients, especially in dryland areas of the Loess Plateau in China where water resources are scarce and nitrogen utilization is low. Adding biochar is a potential strategy to enhance root growth and consequently increase crop productivity. In this study, we investigated the effects of adding biochar at 0.0 t

Sustainability and environmental awareness had an impulse in increasing the global interest to utilize the industrial crops for producing new colouring shades in place of hazardous synthetic dyes. The present research focuses on extracting functional components from green tea (Camelia sinensis) leaves using water and methanol/water solvent systems and their application in the mordant dyeing of mulberry

Socialized agricultural services (SASs) have reshaped the smallholder agricultural system and promoted scale operations in rural China, but little is known about whether and how they affect rural collective action in the irrigation commons. Based on the social-ecological system framework, we apply an ordered probit model and a mediation model to examine the effects of SASs on rural collective action

Improving the use of water in irrigated agriculture is meaningful in a period of increasing water scarcity conditions. A more accurate estimate of evapotranspiration (ET) and its components thus becomes fundamental to better quantify the irrigation water volumes. Many existing models, based on different remote sensing data, provide daily estimates of latent heat flux (LE) from correlation between net

Canals compose the arterial structure of irrigated agriculture, transporting free-surface flows to the vast majority of the world’s most productive farmland. Here we present a critical review and perspective of studies that describe the widespread and serious issue of seepage losses that occur as flows move through this critical network of watercourses. Such losses impact the hydrologic setting and

The thickness or depth of fine-textured soil (zf) dominates water storage capacity and exerts a control on nutrient leaching in semi-arid agroecosystems. At small pixel sizes (< 1 m; ‘fine resolution’), the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of cereal crops during senescence (Zadoks Growth Stages [ZGS] 90–93) offers a promising alternative to destructive sampling of zf using soil pits. However

Clarifying temporal and spatial variations of carbon exchanges of arid and semi-arid grasslands, the most widespread terrestrial ecosystem in the Northern China, is critical to evaluate regional and national carbon balance. However, estimating the carbon sequestration capability of arid and semi-arid grasslands still remains a challenge due to large interannual variability and high sensitivity to human

Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) is the oldest and most cultivated cereal crop in Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region and under Mediterranean climatic conditions. Morocco is one of the largest producer of durum wheat in MENA region, cultivated in more than 1 million ha area produced 2.5 million tons in 2020, which accounts for 17% of the total production in the region. In the region

Low precipitation and poor soil quality are the main factors that limit wheat production in the Loess Plateau region of China. Straw incorporation and/or adding organic fertilizer can enhance wheat productivity by improving the soil water content (SWC) and soil fertility, but systematic long-term research has not yet been conducted. Thus, we conducted a 12-year continuous in-situ experiment in the

Microclimate is a key driver of forest dynamics and shapes the response of forest organisms to global warming. The spatial and temporal variability of microclimate is strongly affected by forest management, so it is important to know how microclimate varies along successional gradients of managed forests, and how microclimatic dynamics in managed forests differ from those in old-growth forests. We

Context or problem Several agricultural producers around the world are adopting hairy vetch (HV) (Vicia villosa Roth) inclusion in the crop sequence before maize (Zea mays L.). To date, it is not clear which factors control maize yield response to HV and to nitrogen (N) fertilization in HV-maize sequences. Objective or research question We aimed to i) explore the variability of maize grain yield response

Storage and transportation of fresh fruits and vegetables result in significant wastage, making their preservation post-harvest a global issue. Although petroleum-based synthetic wax is commonly used in fruit post-harvest preservation due to its effectiveness, its adverse effects on ecological environment and human health cannot be ignored. Hence, it is imperative to explore natural and sustainable

The carotenoid-cleavage oxygenase genes (CCO) are found in all taxa, including the kingdom Plantae. In plants, these enzymes are classified into 9-cis epoxycarotenoid dioxygenases (NCEDs) and carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs). Among the CCDs, CCD4 is a peculiar type of enzyme that plays a crucial role in creating aromas, flavors, colors, and molecules that protect plants from environmental stressors

Effective separation of lignin is a prerequisite for the high-value application of lignocellulosic biomass. In this work, the delignification of hybrid Pennisetum (Pennisetum americanum×P. purpureum, HP) using environmentally-friendly steam explosion assisted p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TsOH) treatment was investigated. The enhancement mechanism of steam explosion was studied by structural analysis of

Adopting new cultivars is an effective strategy to partially offset the negative effects of climate change on crop yields. We integrated the regional agro-meteorological observations, site-level field experiment data, and a process-based crop model to assess the effects of maize hybrid management on grain yield at meteorological sites across Northeast China. On a regional scale, for per 1 ℃ increase

Estimating forest fire danger is of primary concern for the Austrian forest fire management. The fine fuel moisture code (FFMC) of the Canadian Fire Weather Index (CFWI) is used for determining ignition danger. The FFMC is calculated by using the Integrated Nowcasting through Comprehensive Analysis (INCA) system, which provides interpolated weather parameters, available at 1 km2 spatial resolution

Currently, the selection of the trees to be removed in a thinning, carried out in a young cork oak plantation, is determined by a systematic rule to reach a predefined tree density value, in combination with simple criteria regarding individual tree sanitary conditions and stem shape. Since no criteria regarding the cork are available, thinnings can result in the removal of individuals that would later

In peri-urban agricultural lands of Lahore city, untreated wastewater from trans-boundary Hudiara drain is widely used for agriculture. The irrigated water may pose a hazard of trace element (TE) contamination in agricultural produce and consequently threat to human health. This study was designed to investigate the quality and transferability of TE contamination in water, soil, fodder and buffalo

Erosion is severe in major agricultural sectors and areas of concentrated intense rainfall, such as southern Brazil, Argentina, India, eastern China, the Midwestern United States, Ethiopia, and Mediterranean Europe. To meet the world's food needs while protecting the environment, a more environmentally friendly agricultural model is needed. How much the adoption of introduced SWCP can contribute to

Extensive research suggests that sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) and gross primary productivity (GPP) have a near-linear relationship, providing a promising avenue for estimating the carbon uptake of ecosystems. However, the factors influencing the relationship are not yet clear. This study examines the roles of SIF's radiative, structural, and physiological information in predicting GPP

Context or problem Agricultural production in the world has drastically increased to meet future food demand. Yield gap assessment provides important information on how production can be increased on existing cropland. Also, boosting food production by reducing the yield gap has fewer environmental consequences than increasing the food production area. Methods For this purpose, the SSM-Legume model

Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit. is one of the popular medicinal plants and industrial crops in China, but its production has been severely limited by continuous cropping obstacles (CCO). In order to elucidate the reaction of P. ternata to successive cultivation and the potentially uncover the possible causes of CCO, the research group examined P. ternata relevant indexes, including morphological,

Biomass offers substantial societal, environmental, and economic advantages. However, the release of harmful gases during its utilization presents critical challenges. To establish secure and environmentally conscious processes for biomass-to-solid fuel conversion, we conducted a concise review and meta-analysis. Our systematic approach identified fifteen incidents of perilous off-gassing associated

This study aims to investigate the relationship between the anatomical features and the mechanical behavior of poplar wood and reveal the deformation mechanism of hardwood under transverse compression. We conducted a transverse compression test of the poplar wood, a typical diffuse porous wood, under uniaxial, laterally restrained, and circumferentially restrained conditions. Subsequently, a finite