Fungi in the sooty blotch and flyspeck (SBFS) disease complex appear as pigmented blemishes on plant cuticles and are commonly observed on several fruits, including mango. In Malaysia, SBFS on mango has not been reported previously. However, SBFS symptoms were observed in commercial mango orchards in Perak, resulting in economic losses for sale of fresh fruit. Therefore, morphological, molecular, and

Lisianthus is one of the most important cut flowers in Taiwan for its export to Japan. In 2020, lisianthus plants showed root rot, stem rot, and wilt symptoms in Changhua County, Taiwan. Based on the morphological characteristics, pathogenicity assays, and phylogenetic analysis, the causal agent was identified as Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. eustomae. Wounds on lisianthus stems were the entry points for

The wild cochineal, Dactylopius opuntiae (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae), has become a serious pest of prickly pear Opuntia ficus-indica L. in the Mediterranean region. The present study investigated the insecticidal activity of four essential oils, namely Cuminum cyminum, Cinnamomum camphora, Artemisia herba-alba, and Salvia rosmarinus against D. opuntiae nymphs and adult females in laboratory and greenhouse

Abstract not available

The tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), is currently a major threat to tomato globally. Growers in Ethiopia rely on insecticides to control the pest, which is not sustainable because of the insect's ability to develop resistance fast. The rational use of pesticides is useful to delay pesticide resistance. The integrated effect of sex pheromone and insecticide in the population of the tomato

Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) egg parasitoids are successfully used for biological control of Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) in China. This pest has become increasingly problematic in Myanmar and surrounding countries. To determine the optimal number of releases, release density and select the most effecive parasitoid, two strains of Trichogramma ostriniae (Pang and

The black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a critical soil pest of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) in the early season. Although numerous studies have shown that chemical insecticides through soil-surface or foliar application provide adequate management of black cutworms, relatively little is known about the efficacy of transplant applications. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of insecticide

Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Rchb.f. is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant that is widely cultivated in China, planted across more than 10,000 ha in Guizhou. Anthracnose disease was recently observed to be widespread in these plantations of the Guizhou province. This study aimed to identify the causal agents of anthracnose targeting B. striata in the Guizhou Province. Pathogens isolated from symptomatic

Abstract not available

Lonicera japonica Thunb. (honeysuckle) is widely cultivated as a medicinal herb in China. In recent years, the crop has been affected by a leaf spot disease in Suiyang, Guizhou, China. Disease symptoms included necrotic spots and wilting on leaves. The pathogen responsible for the disease was successfully isolated from symptomatic leaf tissue and identified. Identification based on morphological characteristics

The widespread occurrence and predominant association of chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV) with the valuable chilli landraces of North East Region (NER) of India and associated threat to chilli production necessitated the development of simplified and robust detection procedure. Present study reports a simplified reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) method for detection

Ginger is widely cultivated in China, and it is an indispensable spice and condiment in our daily life. In October 2020, ginger plants exhibiting leaf spot symptoms were observed in many agricultural fields in the Shandong province. In this research, the pathogen causing these symptoms was successfully isolated from symptomatic ginger leaves. The fungal isolates were identified as Epicoccum sorghinum

Traditionally, Louisiana sugarcane has been grown vegetatively from whole stalks, but innovations in machinery and rising labor costs have increased interest in billet planting. Billets, short stalk pieces containing several viable eyes, are more susceptible to pathogen exposure and may require fungicide and/or insecticide applications at planting to increase stand potential. Work in other crops indicates

The bacterium Xylella fastidiosa subspecies multiplex causes phony peach disease (PPD), a serious disease of peach in the southeastern United States. The current management strategy for PPD is removal of symptomatic trees, but other management options should be explored. Field efficacy trials with plant growth stimulants and plant defense activators were conducted in orchards of ‘Julyprince’ in 2021

Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dur) (Hemiptera: Miridae) is an important piercing-sucking pest that has been recorded on more than 200 host plants in China. In recent years, its damage to apple trees has become more and more serious, resulting in malformed fruit and even fruit shedding. It is primarily controlled with insecticides. However, the current status of insecticide resistance of A. lucorum in the

Precision application of specific herbicides to susceptible weeds can significantly save herbicide. This is the first study evaluating the performances of precision sprayer for weed control in turf based on the herbicide weed control spectrum in field conditions. The results showed that EfficientNet-v2 and ResNet never fall below 0.992 for discriminating and detecting the grid cells encompassing weeds

In recent decades, agriculture has been typified by a reliance on synthetic pesticides, with detrimental effects on human health and the environment. It has therefore become necessary to develop more sustainable pest management strategies. To meet this objective, agricultural practices within innovative cropping systems are designed to reduce synthetic pesticide inputs, while controlling pest and pathogen

Elevated levels of tropospheric ozone (O3) are phytotoxic, inhibiting plant growth and production, and thus, compromising environmental health and sustainable crop production. It is therefore critical to devise strategies to protect plants from the negative effects of O3. However, the efficacy of different chemical or non-chemical methods to protect plants against O3 toxicities has not been critically

The sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a destructive pest on a wide variety of agricultural crops. Whiteflies are managed largely through the use of insecticides, but B. tabaci has developed tolerance or resistance to a broad range of active ingredients. Identifying events where insecticide applications could be delayed or eliminated may mitigate insecticide resistance. One such event is cold weather

Herbicides with residual properties are often used for broadleaf weed control in pastures but can remove desirable legumes such as alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.). Field trials at five sites within central Alberta, Canada were used to assess legume population dynamics during recovery after spraying. Medicago sativa and T. repens populations were monitored for three

Long-term changes in the insect communities in genetically modified (GM) crops expressing target-specific pesticidal proteins can occur and matter for optimized integrated pest management. Using monitoring data of commercial soybean fields from 2012 to 2022, we documented shifts in the abundance of target and non-target insects of the GM Cry1Ac Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) soybean in two provinces of

Benzovindiflupyr is a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide effective against many plant pathogens. However, the resistance risk of Didymella bryoniae to this fungicide is unknown. This study determined the baseline sensitivity of 69 wild D. bryoniae strains to benzovindiflupyr on mycelial growth with half-maximal effective concentrations (EC50) of 0.0021–0.0983 μg/mL with an average of

The pine wilt disease (PWD) caused by pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is a destructive forest disease and causes global economic losses. Effective and affordable detection of PWN is critical for the management of this pest. In this study, we developed a rapid diagnostic assay using recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) combined with the CRISPR/Cas12a system to detect PWN

Japanese foxtail (Alopecurus japonicus Steud.) has developed resistance to multiple post-emergence herbicides in China. Hence, identification of alternative strategies for weed control using pre-emergence herbicides is urgently required. Therefore, we conducted greenhouse dose–response and field experiments over two wheat growing seasons at two sites in Xinyang City (CaiWan and LaoHuShan) to study

Abstract not available

The vine mealybug, Planococcus ficus, is a global pest of grapes, leading to lower yields and transmission of damaging viral pathogens. Insecticides are the predominate method of P. ficus management, but some pesticide options have been lost in many of the world's vineyard regions and other economically viable options are now critically needed. Mating disruption is commercially available for P. ficus

Apple latent spherical virus (ALSV; genus: Cheravirus, family: Secoviridae) is capable of infecting Angelica sinensis under natural conditions and causing symptoms of greenish discoloration and mottling, affecting plant growth and causing a reduction in root quality and yield. Virus detection of ALSV is an urgent need for the continued development of angelica industry. Consequently, it is necessary

Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) induces systemic resistance against plant diseases and insect herbivores in plants. The impact of single and blends of PGPR strains on plant-insect interactions with a focus on feeding and oviposition behavior of insect herbivores was studied using sweet corn (Zea mays) and corn earworm (CEW) (Helicoverpa zea) as a model system. Sweet corn plants were treated

Plantago asiatica mosaic virus (PlAMV), which infects lilies worldwide, constitutes a potential risk factor for lily production. Development of effective and sensitive methods for the detection and specific quantification of PlAMV is required to prevent the spread of PlAMV in lilies. In this study, we established a sensitive and accurate quantification method for PlAMV infection in lily samples using

Weedy rice infestation has been expanding with the increasing proportion of direct-seeded rice (DSR) systems in China. Limited herbicides are effective against weedy rice due to its high similarity with cultivated rice. Hence, it is important to figure out some non-chemical management strategies for weedy rice. One of the methods is to reduce the size of seed bank by inducing weedy rice germination

The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, vectors Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus and C. L. americanus, the causal agents of huanglongbing (HLB), the world's most serious citrus disease. There are no therapeutic treatments for HLB and chemical insecticides are the primary means of controlling ACP. Although insecticide applications reduce local ACP populations, HLB spread has continued

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is widely grown in the Philippines mainly for human consumption, animal feed, and industrial purposes. However, the cassava industry is recently challenged by the cassava witches' broom (CWB) disease which is known to be caused by phytoplasmas. The extent of the disease and the causal phytoplasma strain in the country are not known until this study. Surveys in major

The whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is the vector of cassava mosaic viruses causing cassava viral diseases, which are the most important biotic constraints of cassava production in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Presently, B. tabaci management in cassava fields calls for the development of an integrated approach that relies on host plant resistance and biological control. Data on B. tabaci's natural

Water availability is a concern for agricultural production and sustainability, escalating the need for an efficient weed control. Weeds are in direct competition with crops for water and its unsuccessful control risks water management across the crop season. However, little is known regarding the impact of herbicide on weed water use behavior. Thus, the objective of this study was to unveil the effect

Abstract not available

Late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans is the most devastating potato disease, yet leaf infections are not reliably detected by current assays during the incubation phase of the pathogen and asymptomatic plants. In this study, the genome of P. infestans was queried against the NCBI nucleic acid database and a 1050 bp species-specific DNA fragment was identified. Using this fragment, polymerase

Abstract not available

Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) is an important specialty crop in the U.S.A., but yield is limited by several diseases and pests. In mature-tree pecan orchards, large air-blast sprayers are commonly used to apply the pesticides to control these diseases and pests. The spray coverage, deposition and profiles are poorly defined under the range of application scenarios, limiting the recommendations that can

Abstract not available

Fruit rot disease (FRD) of arecanut, caused by Phytophthora meadii, is an important fruit disease of this palm tree that resulted in huge economic losses to the growers in India. In recent years, the control of this disease has become a prime factor in the management of arecanut plantations. Though prophylactic sprayings of Bordeaux mixture (1%) along with other older fungicides are useful in reducing

Bean-associated cytorhabdovirus (BaCV) is a strain of Cytorhabdovirus caricae (genus Cytorhabdovirus, family Rhabdoviridae) identified in Brazil, in bean and soybean plants, in mixed infection with cowpea mild mottle virus (CPMMV, genus Carlavirus, family Betaflexiviridae). Ensuing the report of citrus-associated rhabdovirus (CiaRV — a citrus strain of Cytorhabdovirus caricae) infecting passion fruit

In order to evaluate the effect of reduced doses of trifluralin in integration with non-chemical management treatments on weeds, essential oil yield and composition of dill (Anethum graveolens L.), a 2-year study was conducted in East Azarbaijan, Iran in 2020–2021. The study was conducted as factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with four replications. The first factor was

The Euwallacea fornicatus species complex is native to Asia but has invaded many countries globally. This complex includes four cryptic species that infest a wide range of economic crops, including tea. One of them is Euwallacea perbrevis Schedl, which has been a major pest of tea in Sri Lanka and India for over a century. The species complex was first recorded infesting tea in Taiwan over 80 years

Roses (Rosa spp.) are valuable ornamental shrubs grown worldwide. Despite the importance of their cultivation, the large contribution they make to the United Kingdom (UK) garden industry, and the global spread of rose viruses, they have not been studied in detail in the UK since the 1980s. In this study, a survey of rose viruses in England was performed using molecular and serological methods. The

TOMCAST and two models (risk hours and critical days) based on a generic infection model (GI model) were evaluated for the timing of fungicide application to control early blight (Alternaria solani) in field experiments. A five-year experiment was conducted at AU Flakkebjerg with the starch potato cultivars Kardal (2016 & 2017), Avarna (2019 & 2020), and Allstar (2021). Barley kernels infested with

Morel mushroom (Morchella spp.) is a valuable mushroom, which has been widely cultivated in China. During a collection survey in the spring of 2022, rot symptoms were observed on approximately 30% fruiting in a greenhouse in Suzhou city, Anhui province, China. Six fungal isolates were obtained from symptomatic fruiting bodies and identified as Trichoderma atroviride based on morphological characteristics

The broad bean beetle (Bruchus rufimanus Boh.) is a serious pest of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) that threatens seed production in times of an increased demand for faba bean seeds due to the expansion of faba bean cropping area over the last decade. Three organic and three conventional field trials a year were conducted from 2019 to 2021 in three environmental different regions in Northern, Central and

Sulfosulfuron, when applied at a label-increased rate, can control spontaneous barley (Hordeum spontaneum K. Koch) in wheat. For optimization, a dose-response bioassay was conducted on three-leaf spontaneous barley plants treated with six sulfosulfuron doses (0, 6.75, 13.5, 27, 40, and 80 g a.i. ha−1) under the wind speed of 0 and 6 m s−1. Each of the doses was sprayed with three nozzle types (standard

Tibouchina seecandra is an evergreen shrub, a popular ornamental plant in China. From 2020 to 2021, a wilt disease was observed in T. seecandra in Guangdong province, China. The diseased plants showed typical wilt symptoms including drying out of lower leaves, plant dieback, and total death of the plant. When the diseased stems were sectioned, discolouration of vascular bundles was observed. At the

During the year 2018–19, collar rot symptoms on Sugandh mantri plants were observed in fields in Agartala district of West Tripura state of India with a disease incidence of 20%. In the early stages of disease development, typical collar rot symptoms exhibited were dark brown necrotic lesions on the stem base. Later, the affected plants completely rotted and died. The diseased samples plated on PDA

Habrobracon hebetor (Say) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is a widely distributed parasitoid that can be used to control numerous lepidopteran pests including Ephestia elutella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). The present study was aimed to evaluate the indirect impacts of deltamethrin on the life table parameters and the paralysis rate parameters of H. hebetor using the age-stage, two-sex life table method