The probability of occurrence of high temperatures and cloudiness events increases during the post-flowering period of temperate crops in the southern cone of South America. Several studies have evaluated the effect of high temperature or shading on wheat and rapeseed, but little is known about the impact of the combined effect of both stresses on the yield and grain quality of these crops during the

Thinopyrum intermedium subsp. intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey is a perennial grass proposed as a dual-use crop for both forage and grain. Being in the nascent stage of domestication, its grain yield potential is still low compared to annual counterparts. The understanding of Th. intermedium development and the resulting grain yield in field is limited along with its response to agronomic

Experimental studies to date have demonstrated the agronomic and environmental benefits of intercropping, making it a key diversification method for reducing chemical inputs in agriculture. However, intercropping is still a niche practice in European cropping systems, particularly for arable crops. Few studies have focused on farmers’ perspectives or used farm data to assess the on-farm performances

Nitrogen (N) partitioning between trees and crops in alley-cropping systems (AC) may increase the N fertilizer use, but more investigation is needed to elucidate it for young trees. The aim of this study was to explore the share of N between crops and three tree species after a few years of tree establishment in AC. Using 15N labeling (10 atm% as 15NH4,15NO3 form), we traced the fate of N fertilizer

Cotton is an important raw material, and its production has a profound impact on global economic and social development. Developing a further understanding of the optimal growing environment for cotton would help establish a reasonable management system and improve seed cotton yield. In the present study, we established a water-fertilizer coupling mathematical model based on the comprehensive analysis

Genetic variation in grain number has been positively associated with levels of cytokinins in inflorescences in cereals, although studies quantifying endogenous levels in the field are currently lacking. The present study, using a spring wheat association mapping panel (HiBAP II) of 150 lines, quantified associations between spike hormone levels and grain number and associated traits. The HiBAP II

In annual crops such as maize, assimilates demand exerted by grains converges with increasing leaf senescence. As sink demand changes as grains growth, leaf senescence could also be affected during the grain filling period. In this work, we evaluated the effect of a decrease in sinks demand at different moments of the grain filling period on maize leaf senescence. Sinks were modified in field experimentation

Understanding how sugarcane straw removal affects soil physical attributes and root development over successive cultivation years is critical for sustainable straw-based bioenergy production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of straw removal on soil physical quality and its relationship with sugarcane root development and crop yield in soils with contrasting textures. Three straw removal

Re-diversifying agriculture through cereal-legume intercropping could provide higher productivity, but the cultivars and traits associated with agronomic performance of intercropping are currently unclear. Moreover, the impact of different cultivars on intercropping performance under diverse environmental and management conditions is largely unexplored. Therefore, we investigated various cultivar combinations

Early establishment of cover crops (CCs) is essential for attaining successful weed suppression in the autumn-to-spring period. Due to reduced precipitation and extended periods of drought in the summer within temperate zones, the establishment of CCs poses challenges. Three methods of cover crop (CC) establishment were tested: 1) preharvest sowing 10 days before harvest of cash crop (PreHa); 2) no-till

Nitrogen (N) nutrition is essential for crop production and a critical N dilution curve (CNDC) could provide a novel strategy for diagnosing plant N status. CNDCs for several crops under different scenarios have been established to optimize N management. However, few studies have been conducted to establish a CNDC for maize (Zea mays L.) under ridge-furrow planting with film mulching over ridges, a

Pasture species complementarity leading to increased dry matter (DM) production has been observed in multispecies (MS) swards which include legumes and forage herbs along with grasses. This effect has been measured in mechanically defoliated plots with little data available from grazing scenarios. There is a scarcity of data available regarding individual forage herb species contribution to increased

The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of sowing date and sowing density on stand architecture, yield components, seed yields, and seed quality in crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst. ex R.E. Fries) grown in north-eastern Poland in 2020–2022. The experiment had a split-plot design with four sowing dates (early: 30 March–1 April; and delayed by 7, 14, and 21 days) and five sowing densities

Alternate drip irrigation of brackish and freshwater (ADI) is an effective strategy to relieve salt stress in crops and increase crop yield compared to irrigation using only brackish water (B). However, the correlation between the soil salinity as well as maize root distribution dynamics and crop yields under ADI treatment remains unknown. A three-year field experiment under ADI treatment was carried

Cotton production in Australia is expanding to the northern semi-arid tropical regions as a means to droughtproof the industry. The majority of expansion is expected to come from rainfed farming systems. However, little is known on tropical rainfed cotton, particularly on climate and soil-based constraints that determine cotton production. Using the Northern Territory (NT) as case study, we investigated

The application of dwarfing genes in wheat breeding effectively reduced plant height, improved lodging resistance and increased the harvest index. Although the gibberellin-responsive (GAR) dwarf gene Rht15 did not negatively affect coleoptile length or root traits while reducing the plant height, it reduced the yield plant−1. The gibberellin-insensitive (GAI) dwarf gene Rht1 can increase wheat yield

An important goal of sustainable agriculture is reducing the environmental risk while also ensuring food security. The mixed application of controlled-release urea and normal urea (CRUNU) is a potential nitrogen (N) management strategy for achieving this goal. However, few studies have focused on whether optimizing the N application rate of CRUNU can balance crop yield and greenhouse gas emissions

Understanding dry matter (DM) accumulation during the stem elongation period (SE) is important for estimating yields. However, the mechanisms underlying SE at different sowing times, and how the main shoots (MS) and tillers contribute to DM accumulation, remain poorly understood. Field experiments were carried out at different sowing times, with two cultivars being grown during two successive growing

In a context of economic and environmental concerns in agriculture, legumes appear to be suitable alternative crops to diversify current cropping systems and reduce their dependence on synthetic nitrogen (N) fertiliser and protein from imported soya bean. However, legume-based cropping systems may increase N losses through nitrate leaching if the N available from legumes does not coincide with subsequent

Adjusting the sowing date presents a cost-effective and advantageous practice to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change on agricultural cultivation. However, its impact on the comprehensive benefits of rice production in terms of methane (CH4) emissions remains uncertain. During the 2019–2021 rice growing season, field studies with different sowing dates were carried out, including a conventional

The importance of the cultivation of oilseed flax has increased in the Brazilian agricultural scenario, and therefore, research must be carried out to have better recommendations for cultivation. For research to be reliable, there is a need for adequate experimental planning. In this context, the objective of this work is to propose an experimental plan, with estimates of plot size, sample size, and

Predicting the risk of a disease in a pathosystem based on a set of climatic variables usually requires handling a high number of input variables, many of which are often irrelevant and/or redundant. Building linear predictive models entails not only dimensionality issues but also the negative impact of multicollinearity. Several feature selection methods have proved to be efficient in both linear

The current trend toward sustainable agricultural practices creates a demand for alternatives to conventional soil management. One of the main problems for farmers is the competition for water and nutrients of weeds with the crop and the complicated management that this entails. Conventional practices such as tillage and the use of herbicides are commonly used and imply high environmental impacts while

The traditional use of copper as a fungicide in vineyards has raised concerns among authorities as it increases environmental pollution. As a result, new regulations have been enacted to reduce the use of plant protection products while encouraging the use of biological pesticides, which are less harmful to the environment. In this study, we surveyed two of the most relevant countries in terms of vine

Soybean flax ridge-furrow relay intercropping system is a new method of intercropping system to distress excessive vegetative growth of soybean during the rainy season. However, the effects of furrow width for flax on growth and yield of soybean in ridge-furrow relay intercropping system remain unclear. In this study, we investigated that the effects of three treatments (FS1: 10 cm furrow width, FS2:

Rice is the main staple food for more than half of the world’s population, but rice cultivation is a significant source of atmospheric methane (CH4). Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) reduces CH4 emission from paddy field, but the effect on rice yield remains unclear. Organic soil amendment increases grain yield but simultaneously increases CH4 emission. Therefore, the combination of AWD and organic

Productive and stable forage yields are essential for the sustainability of ruminal livestock production. Grassland seed mixtures composed of species of diverse functional groups have previously been demonstrated to increase yield performance and stability compared to monocultures. In this study we conducted field trials with five grass and two legume species either grown in monocultures or a range

Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) cones are widely used by the beer industry to provide flavor, aroma, and bitterness due to the presence of α-acids, β-acids, and volatile oil components. Although the brewing sector plays an important role in Brazil’s economy, hops are entirely imported. In this study, we aimed to investigate the physiological acclimation potential, productivity, and chemical composition of

Wheat is of great significance to ensuring national food security in China. The one-time fertilization for saving labor was common in winter wheat production in the North China Plain, which caused the excessive application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer generally. Controlled-release urea (CRU) has a good application effect in crops with short growth periods such as rice and maize. However, the applications

China’s winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production heavily relies on nitrogen (N) fertilizer application, which poses challenges due to the inability of most smallholders to accurately apply N according to site-specific conditions. Difficulty in accurately estimating the nitrogen demands of wheat is a barrier to precise nitrogen fertilizer management. We hypothesized that assessing plant N uptake

The technology of canopy plastic mulching has been widely used in citrus orchards for protecting fruit trees from cold damage. Understanding the spatio-temporal dynamics of plastic-mulched citrus (PMC) is of great importance for precision management of citrus orchards. However, monitoring the long-term and large-area PMC dynamics is challenging because the PMC is typically distributed in cloudy and

Soil Ca deficiency hinders the development of the peanut industry, and inappropriate Ca fertilizer application increases the risk of soil environmental degradation and reduces the fertilizer utilization rate and yield in peanuts. N fertilizer doses are frequently split and applied over different time periods. However, whether this widespread method is applicable to Ca fertilizer and improves peanut

The mixture of controlled-release urea (CRU) and normal urea (MCU) applied as one-time basal fertilizer is a convenient and effective alternative to traditional split-nitrogen (N) fertilization, can ensure a sufficient late-season N supply to increase maize yield. However, the effects of MCU ratios on maize root development, post-silking growth, and grain-filling process remain poorly understood. In

The maturity group (MG) system is a widely recognized and effective approach for assessing the photothermal sensitivity of soybean cultivars and determining their optimal adaptation zones. In China, soybean have been cultivated extensively for thousands of years, evolving into various ecotypes through natural and artificial selection. In this study, the relative maturity groups (RMGs) of a total of

Sweet potato is widely cultivated in China because of its drought tolerance, low planting cost and richness in various nutrients, such as crude protein, carbohydrates, and cellulose. Field experiments were conducted at the Special Potato Experimental Station, China Agricultural University, Rizhao City, Shandong Province, China, in 2020 and 2021 to investigate the effects of film mulching and soil wetted

Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) is the oldest and most cultivated cereal crop in Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region and under Mediterranean climatic conditions. Morocco is one of the largest producer of durum wheat in MENA region, cultivated in more than 1 million ha area produced 2.5 million tons in 2020, which accounts for 17% of the total production in the region. In the region

Low precipitation and poor soil quality are the main factors that limit wheat production in the Loess Plateau region of China. Straw incorporation and/or adding organic fertilizer can enhance wheat productivity by improving the soil water content (SWC) and soil fertility, but systematic long-term research has not yet been conducted. Thus, we conducted a 12-year continuous in-situ experiment in the

Development of novel crop rotations with superior water- and N-use efficiency will be fundamental in the quest for securing sustainable food supplies under environments that are increasingly resource limited. Here, our aim was to examine how replacing maize with soybean as part of winter wheat rotations impacted the nutrient-equivalent yield (EY), evapotranspiration (ET) and water-use efficiency (WUE)

Abstract not available

Defoliation and artificial ripening are critical steps before mechanical harvesting of cotton. The defoliation effect is a key factor in determining the optimal harvesting time of cotton, as an improper machine-harvesting time can reduce the yield and quality of cotton. Therefore, rapid and accurate estimation of the defoliation rate and boll-opening rate is critical for evaluating the effect of defoliation

Ecological theories indicate that increasing plant genetic diversity promotes ecosystem productivity. Thus, the cultivation of different genotypes within a field, known as cultivar mixtures, could provide beneficial agroecosystem services for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production. However, it remains unclear whether these benefits are dependent on the optimization of functional traits, which can

Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum), considered better drought tolerant, is the most cultivated wheat in Morocco and in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. The region, including Morocco, predominantly has rainfed production systems, declining water supply, and increasing trends and effects of rainfall variability and climate extremes leading to poor crop yield and yield stability

Abstract not available

Growth performance under intercropping relies heavily on the nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) levels of the plants involved. However, few studies on intercropping advantages have established a direct link between growth performance and plant nutrient uptake. Using a 3-year field study (2019–2021) with four cotton-based cropping systems (cotton monoculture and garlic/cotton, peanut/cotton

Irrigation water requirement (Iwr) and soil moisture (SM) are two essential metrics that guide scientific irrigation and agricultural water-saving practices. Although they have been extensively studied in the North China Plain (NCP), an exploration into their spatial-temporal coupling pattern remains absent. Here, the spatial-temporal coupling pattern underlying the variations of Iwr and SM across

The rapid and efficient estimation of aboveground biomass (AGB) in maize proves advantageous for growth assessment, grain quality and yield prediction, and timely field management. The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imaging system's adaptable operation and its capability to capture images with comparatively high temporal and spatial resolutions underscore its potential for supplanting conventional techniques