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Management practices alter endophytic diazotrophic communities in CitraBlue St. Augustinegrass Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 A. Fernanda Arevalo Alvarenga, Maximiliano Barbosa, I. Alejandra Sierra Augustinus, Ulrich Stingl, Marco Schiavon
Turfgrass research based on inoculations with commercial products containing nitrogen-fixing endophytes as an alternative to synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizers has yielded inconclusive results, indicating a lack of understanding of the colonization and stability of diazotrophic endophytes in turfgrasses. Potential factors influencing these results are turfgrass traditional management practices. In
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Characterization of cool- and warm-season turfgrass host suitability to annual bluegrass weevil (Listronotus maculicollis, Kirby) Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Audrey Simard, Benjamin A. McGraw
The annual bluegrass weevil, Listronotus maculicollis Kirby, is considered the most destructive insect pest of short-mown turfgrasses in northeastern North America. Poa annua L. is the preferred host plant, though the weevil can develop in other cool-season (C3) turfgrasses such as bentgrasses (Agrostis spp. L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Recently, damaging populations have been reported
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Breeding and genetics of resistance to major diseases in Cucurbita—A review Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Prerna Sabharwal, Shallu Thakur, Swati Shrestha, Yuqing Fu, Geoffrey Meru
Cucurbita crops, which include market types of pumpkin and squash, have unparalleled fruit variation and equally important economic value worldwide. Pumpkin and squash have versatile uses but are most popular in culinary, ornamental, snacking, and seed oil industries. The production of Cucurbita crops is hindered by diseases caused by fungal, oomycetes, and viral pathogens. Host resistance is an important
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Soybean yield and seed quality in equidistant versus non-equidistant plant arrangements under different densities Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Emmanuela van Versendaal, Valentina M. Pereyra, Trent Irby, Peter Kovacs, Trevor Hefley, P. V. Vara Prasad, Peter Kyveryga, Bradley W. Van De Woestyne, Ignacio A. Ciampitti
Equidistant plant arrangements have shown positive impacts, in the United States over the last century, on soybean (Glycine max L.) yield and seed quality by reducing intraspecific plant competition and enhancing early canopy cover. This study aims to (i) assess the effects of equidistant versus non-equidistant plant arrangements on soybean yield and seed quality across different regions in the United
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Short-statured maize achieved similar growth and nitrogen uptake but greater nitrogen efficiencies than conventional tall maize Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Raziel A. Ordóñez, Lia B. Olmedo Pico, Frank G. Dohleman, Esteban Fernández-Juricic, Garrett S. Verhagen, Tony J. Vyn
Despite a historical favoring of robust tall plants in maize (Zea mays L.) production systems as a potential indicator of increased total and/or grain biomass yields, short-statured maize is receiving renewed commercial attention in North America. Little is known of the relative N efficiencies resulting from potential inter-stature differences in dry matter formation and N processes during pre- and
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Industrial processing of chickpeas (Cicer arietinum) for protein production Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Nushrat Yeasmen, Valérie Orsat
The increasing global interest in plant-based proteins stems from concerns about the environmental impact, sustainability, animal welfare, and health implications associated with consuming animal-based proteins. In the frame of alternative protein sources, chickpea (Cicer arietinum) emerged as a rich source of dietary proteins besides containing good amount of carbohydrate, fat, and fiber. As a protein
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Optimizing ethephon application timing for ‘Meyer’ zoysiagrass seedhead suppression Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-16 Brandon C. McNally, Manoj Chhetri, Aaron J. Patton, Wenwen Liu, Jared A. Hoyle, James T. Brosnan, Michael D. Richardson, Matthew B. Bertucci, Ross C. Braun, Jack D. Fry
Zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp. Willd.) is a desirable, low-input turfgrass species used on golf courses. However, prolific zoysiagrass seedhead production in the spring can increase golf course maintenance costs and reduce aesthetics. Previous research demonstrates that a single autumn ethephon application can suppress zoysiagrass seedhead production the following spring, but the optimum application timing
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Effect of mowing timing and clipping collection practices on azoxystrobin distribution, persistence, and efficacy Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Daniel R. Freund, James P. Kerns, E. Lee Butler, Khalied A. Ahmed, Travis W. Gannon
Previous research suggests mowing practices following azoxystrobin application alter pest control and residue fate. Azoxystrobin, an acropetal penetrant quinone outside inhibitor fungicide, is commonly applied in turfgrass and other agricultural settings, protecting desired plants from fungal pathogens by inhibiting fungal growth. Field research was initiated in Raleigh, NC, and repeated in time to
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Agronomic and morpho‐physiological response of Andean genotypes of common bean to terminal drought Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Swivia M. Hamabwe, Nicholas A. Otieno, Judith A. Odhiambo, Travis Parker, Kelvin Kamfwa
Drought is a major production constraint of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) worldwide. The objectives of this study were to (i) assess the agronomic and morpho‐physiological response of Andean genotypes to terminal drought, and (ii) identify Andean genotypes with an ideal combination of agronomic and morpho‐physiological traits for enhanced drought tolerance. Twenty Andean genotypes and seven checks
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Crop Science special issue: International Year of Millets Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Ignacio A. Ciampitti, Ramasamy Perumal, O. P. Yadav
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Historical multi‐environmental trials reveal trends in hybrid grain sorghum performance from 1970 to 2021 in Texas Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-13 Fabian Leon, Lorin Harvey, William L. Rooney
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L. Moench]) is among the most important cereal crops worldwide and is widely grown across Texas’ diverse geographies. While sorghum breeding programs strive to improve both profitability and adaptation of the crop, increases in grain yield are the ultimate measure of progress. Using five decades of data compiled by Texas A&M AgriLife Research, trends in grain sorghum were
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Assessing genetic gain in an intermediate wheatgrass improvement program: A retrospective analysis Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-13 Hannah Stoll, Prabin Bajgain, James Anderson
The perennial crop intermediate wheatgrass [IWG, Thinopyrum intermedium (Host Barkworth & D.R. Dewey] has been under development as a grain crop since 2011 at the University of Minnesota (UMN). Breeding efforts have targeted larger seed size, reduced shattering, and improved threshability, among other traits. Calculating the rate of genetic gain provides insights into breeding progress and informs
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Field assessment and combining ability analysis for smut resistance in sugarcane during continuous ratoon planting in China Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-13 Yuzhi Xu, Yuling Wu, Syeda Wajeeha Gillani, Jun Chen, Huojian Li, Yibin Wei, Chunxiu Jiang, Chi Zhang, Lifang Zeng, Muqing Zhang
Sugarcane smut, caused by Sporisorium scitamineum, poses a significant threat to sugarcane production in China, resulting in substantial economic losses. This study aims to understand the resistance of sugarcane genotypes to smut and the relationship between smut incidence and yield loss during ratoon cropping. We evaluated the smut resistance of 169 sugarcane genotypes. We assessed the combining ability
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Research advances in molecular mechanisms regulating heat tolerance in cool‐season turfgrasses Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Stephanie Rossi, Bingru Huang
Cool‐season turfgrasses widely used on golf courses, athletic fields, and other landscapes are environmentally and economically important, but they are functionally and aesthetically damaged under prolonged exposure to high temperatures because of their sensitivity to heat stress. Because the consequences of climate change include elevated global temperatures, it is necessary to understand mechanisms
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Uncovering the genomic diversity of the wild forage crop Setaria sphacelata Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Ana Luiza Franco, Ana Luisa Sousa Azevedo, Aryane Campos Reis, Elyabe Monteiro Matos, Marina Arantes Fonseca, Antônio Vander Pereira, Ilia J. Leitch, Andrew R. Leitch, Lyderson Facio Viccini
Grasses are considered one of the most important angiosperm groups in economic terms. The Setaria sphacelata complex is an intriguing species with considerable variation in genome size (GS). It is currently being explored from a genomic perspective especially because of its great adaptability under winter periods. Repetitive DNA sequences are known to contribute significantly to GS diversity, which
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Leveraging soil mapping and machine learning to improve spatial adjustments in plant breeding trials Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Matthew E. Carroll, Luis G. Riera, Bradley A. Miller, Philip M. Dixon, Baskar Ganapathysubramanian, Soumik Sarkar, Asheesh K. Singh
Spatial adjustments are used to improve the estimate of plot seed yield across crops and geographies. Moving means (MM) and P‐Spline are examples of spatial adjustment methods used in plant breeding trials to deal with field heterogeneity. Within the trial, spatial variability primarily comes from soil feature gradients, such as nutrients, but a study of the importance of various soil factors including
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Use of Bayesian probabilistic model approach in common bean varietal recommendation Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Isabela R. Miranda, Kaio Olimpio G. Dias, José Domingos P. Júnior, Pedro Crescêncio S. Carneiro, José Eustáquio S. Carneiro, Vinícius Q. Carneiro, Elaine A. Souza, Leonardo C. Melo, Helton S. Pereira, Rogério F. Vieira, Fábio A. D. Martins
Recommendation of new varieties is supported by value for cultivation and use (Valor de Cultivo e Uso [VCU]) trials. For a more reliable recommendation, it is necessary to identify methodologies that make better use of the genotype‐by‐environment interaction (GEI). The methodology proposed by Dias et al. is an alternative to take advantage of the GEI; it considers concepts of Bayesian models and probability
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SG12 regulates grain size by affecting cell proliferation in rice Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Li Hu, Jierui Zeng, Xue Diao, Yutong Zhong, Xiaorong Zhou, Hao Wang, Xiaoling Hu, Hua Yuan
The grain size of rice (Oryza sativa) plays a pivotal role in determining yield. It is crucial to explore the genes related to grain size and analyze their molecular mechanisms to enhance rice yield further. This study identified a small‐grain mutant small grain 12 (sg12), from the ethyl methanesulfonate‐induced mutant library of Shuhui 498, a backbone parent of heavy‐panicle hybrid rice. We found
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The responses of weed communities to field nutrients and their ecological benefits in rice fields: A review Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Min Jiang, Kefan Guo, Zhang Chen, Jiaqi Wang, Lifen Huang, Xinping Shen
While traditionally perceived as yield‐reducing elements in rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation, weed communities in paddy fields play a crucial role in the ecosystem. These communities, when selectively retained, can significantly enhance ecosystem services. This review examines the impact of various weed communities on rice in different paddy fields, their response to field nutrients, and the ecological
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Mapping of quantitative trait loci associated with resistance to bruchids (Callosobruchus maculatus) in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Innocent Vulou Unzimai, Jeninah Karungi, Richard Edema, Paul Gibson, Arfang Badji, Emmanuel Amponsah Adjei, Alfred Adebo Ozimati, Masudi Fiston Tambwe, Isaac Onziga Dramadri
Cowpea bruchid (Callosobruchus maculatus) is a major storage insect pest that reduces cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) yield and seed quality, making it unsafe for consumption. This study seeks to identify and map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with resistance to cowpea bruchids. A total of 120 F2 lines from a cross between MU9 (susceptible) and WC42 (resistant) were genotyped with 2753 single
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Risk of nutrient leaching following over‐irrigation of two warm‐season turfgrasses with recycled water Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Patrick H. McLoughlin, I. Alejandra Sierra Augustinus, A. Fernanda Arevalo Alvarenga, Marco Schiavon
Recent climatic shifts have driven increased demand for recycled water as an irrigation source, with many counties in Florida imposing sanctions on irrigation allowances for lawns. Given these sanctions, there is a need to understand the ways this resource may amplify problems due to common lawn care malpractices that still occur, such as overwatering. A greenhouse study was conducted at the UF/IFAS
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Strategies for enhancing productivity, resilience, nutritional quality, and consumption of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] for food and nutritional security in India Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-02 O. P. Yadav, S. K. Gupta, M. Govindaraj, D. V. Singh, A. Verma, R. Sharma, R. S. Mahala, S. K. Srivastava, P. S. Birthal
Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] is an important component of agri‐food system in areas experiencing drought and high temperature and for increasing the resilience to climatic stresses and addressing malnutrition. The purpose of this review is to examine strategies for improving productivity, stress resilience, and nutritional quality of pearl millet and to understand its consumption pattern
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Utilization of natural hybridization and intra‐cultivar variations for improving soybean yield, seed weight, and agronomic traits Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-02 Guo‐Liang Jiang, Patrick Mireku, Qijian Song
Soybean (Glycine max) is a highly self‐pollinated species, but cross‐pollination occasionally occurs and variations within cultivars can be observed under certain conditions. To explore the potential uses of natural hybridization and intra‐cultivar/advanced line variations, 78 of breeding lines derived from the segregants of natural hybridization and the intra‐cultivar/line variations and their 17
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CRISPR/Cas9 effectively generate chromosome structural variations in rice protoplasts Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-31 Jiaying Sun, Yating Wang, Chenchu Guo, Ruiyun Ge, Tuya Naren, Linjian Jiang
Chromosome structural variations (SVs), such as deletion, duplication, inversion, and translocation, are important contributors to genetic diversification and crop improvement. Using genome editing tools such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated nuclease (Cas9), desired SVs involving large DNA fragments have been created in rice (Oryza sativa L.),
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Genome‐wide association analysis of resistance to anthracnose in the Middle American Diversity Panel of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-28 Willard Sinkala, Swivia Hamabwe, Kuwabo Kuwabo, Chikoti Mukuma, Kelvin Kamfwa
Anthracnose (ANTH) caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is a major disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The genetic basis of ANTH resistance in the Middle American Diversity Panel (MDP) is unknown. The objectives of this study were to identify (1) Middle American accessions resistant to races 7, 19, 51, 63, 167, and 1085 of C. lindemuthianum and (ii) genomic regions and positional candidate
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Optimizing nitrogen fertilization and planting density management enhances lodging resistance and wheat yield by promoting carbohydrate accumulation and single spike development Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-28 Haimeng Mu, Zhuangzhuang Wang, Lifang Sun, Yuan Huang, Yifan Song, Rong Zhang, Zijun Wu, Kaixia Fu, Jianzhao Duan, Guozhang Kang, Tiancai Guo, Yonghua Wang
Nitrogen fertilizer application and increasing planting density have been recognized as essential measures to achieve higher wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields. However, inadequate management practices often lead to poor culm quality and lodging. We hypothesized that optimizing culm characteristics could be a feasible approach to improving both lodging resistance and yield. In this study, field experiments
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Evaluating tiafenacil and tolpyralate for weed control and basal foliage removal in hops Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-24 Ryan J. Hill, David R. King, Marcelo L. Moretti
In an effort to find alternatives to paraquat for weed control and basal foliage removal in hops (Hummus lupulus L.), due to regulatory and safety concerns, a study was conducted across Oregon and Washington in 2020 and 2021. The study compared the efficacy of tiafenacil and tolpyralate against a nontreated control and carfentrazone. Applications were made early when hops were 2- to 3-m tall (early)
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InDel variations and gene expression analysis related to Fusarium wilt resistance in Gossypium barbadense Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-24 Baojun Liu, Wanli Han, Jianyu Bai, Yu Yu, Xuwen Wang, Yanying Qu, Aixing Gu
Fusarium wilt resistance of Gossypium barbadense is very important to maintain its yield and quality, and to disease resistance breeding. Although many individual genes, which are quantitative trait loci associated with wilt resistance have been identified, knowledge of genes controlling wilt resistance in G. barbadense is still limited. In order to screen the InDel fragment related to Fusarium wilt
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Advancing water absorption capacity in hard winter wheat using a multivariate genomic prediction approach Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-24 Meseret Wondifraw, Zachary J. Winn, Scott D. Haley, John A. Stromberger, Emily Hudson-Arns, R. Esten Mason
The water absorption capacity (WAC) of hard wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) flour affects end-use quality characteristics, including loaf volume, bread yield, and shelf life. However, improving WAC through phenotypic selection is challenging. Phenotyping for WAC is time consuming and, as such, is often limited to evaluation in the latter stages of the breeding process, resulting in the retention of suboptimal
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Leveraging deep learning for dollar spot detection and quantification in turfgrass Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-24 Elisabeth C. A. Kitchin, Henry J. Sneed, David S. McCall
This study evaluates the effectiveness of fine-tuning a semantic segmentation model to identify and quantify dollar spot in turfgrasses, the most extensively managed and researched disease of turfgrasses worldwide. Using the DeepLabV3+ model, recognized for its capability to segment complex shapes and integrate multi-scale contextual information, the research leveraged a diverse dataset comprising
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Evaluating canopy morphology as predictive indicators of shade tolerance in three warm‐season turfgrass species Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-22 Lisa L. Baxter, J. L. Fox, D. Jespersen, J. L. Snider, J. Zhang, Brian M. Schwartz
Improving shade tolerance is critical for development of new turfgrass cultivars in the United States. Comparing turfgrass coverage under reduced sun exposure is a popular and effective method for determining shade tolerance, but requires years to evaluate. The objectives were to (i) compare phenotypical differences of experimental genotypes and cultivars of bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.), St. Augustinegrass
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Drought response of zoysiagrass with varying leaf texture under progressive deficit irrigation Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-22 Meghyn Meeks, Ambika Chandra
Improving drought resistance in Zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) is a target for both private and public breeding programs. The performance of 26 elite experimental zoysiagrasses was compared under progressive drought stress with Palisades, Diamond, and Zeon. Environmental conditions were warmer and drier in 2020 (66 days) than 2021 (45 days). Irrigation was applied once weekly using potential evapotranspiration
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Recurrent selection for broad-spectrum resistance to anthracnose in common bean Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-21 Larissa C. Costa, Magno A. P. Ramalho, Ângela F. B. Abreu, Elaine A. Souza
Recurrent selection is an effective and well-known breeding method recommended for quantitative traits. However, the method has not been applied so far for traits typically controlled by numerous major loci, which is the case of resistance to anthracnose in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). In this study, we report the effectiveness of a recurrent selection program in developing common bean progenies
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Toward the development of a cross-compatibility framework to enhance the utilization of peanut CWRs Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-21 A. V. García, L. Chalup, J. G. Seijo
Utilizing valuable genes and alleles from crop wild relatives (CWRs) and transferring them to elite varieties requires a thorough understanding of species cross compatibility and reproductive systems. In this review, we examine interspecific crossing among peanut CWRs, chromosome pairing during meiosis, and pollen viability of Filial 1 hybrids. We analyze each parameter in relation to phylogenetic
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Variability in predicted deleterious mutations among barley accessions conserved ex situ Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-20 Yong-Bi Fu
Understanding the genetic cost for long-term conservation of more than 7 million plant germplasm accessions in 1750 genebanks worldwide requires knowledge about the extent and variation of deleterious mutations within and among conserved germplasm collections. Our recent study revealed a wide range of mutations predicted to be deleterious to gene function and averaged sample-wise mutation burden per
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Effects of intercropping with Fenlong tillage “145” mode on ratoon sugarcane photosynthesis, growth, and yield Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-20 Weicong Zeng, Ruiling Li, Zhigang Li, Benhui Wei, Shuifang Zhu, Haiwei Chu, Chenjie Lan, Ruchuan Li, Shijian Han, Suli Li
Soil compaction and resource competition are bottlenecks in the improvement of sugarcane productivity in intercropping systems. Fenlong tillage improves crop yields by alleviating soil compaction and ensuring water supply. Wide-narrow rows are an effective solution for light competition. An efficient intercropping system with Fenlong tillage technology as the core needs to be constructed. A two-cycle
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Plant breeding simulations with AlphaSimR Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-20 Jon Bančič, Philip Greenspoon, R. Chris Gaynor, Gregor Gorjanc
Plant breeding plays a crucial role in the development of high-performing crop varieties that meet the demands of society. Emerging breeding techniques offer the potential to improve the precision and efficiency of plant breeding programs; however, their optimal implementation requires refinement of existing breeding programs or the design of new ones. Stochastic simulations are a cost-effective solution
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Interactive effects of water deficit and nitrogen deficiency on photosynthesis, its underlying component processes, and carbon loss processes in cotton Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-20 Ved Parkash, John L. Snider, Gurpreet Virk
Drought stress and nitrogen (N) deficiency are important abiotic stresses that severely limit net photosynthetic rate (AN). A number of studies have investigated the underlying physiological limitations to AN in response to water deficit or N deficiency; however, the relative sensitivities of photosynthetic component processes and carbon loss processes to combined drought and N deficiency in field-grown
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QTL mapping of preharvest sprouting resistance in bread wheat population SHA3/CBRD by Naxos confirms a negative effect of the 1BL.1RS translocation on falling number Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-10 Most Champa Begum, Tatiana Belova, Jon Arne Dieseth, Ennian Yang, Ellen Færgestad Mosleth, Anne Kjersti Uhlen, Morten Lillemo
Preharvest sprouting (PHS) is a serious problem in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production areas with rainy harvest conditions. To explore the genetic control of PHS resistance, a population of 166 recombinant inbred lines from a cross between SHA3/CBRD and Naxos was evaluated in a total of eight field trials in Norway and China. PHS resistance was evaluated with both germination index (GI) and falling
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Root phenotyping and plant breeding of crops for enhanced ecosystem services Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-07 Alexandra J. Griffin, Jacob M. Jungers, Prabin Bajgain
Diversifying and perennializing cropping systems can increase productivity while supporting ecosystem services such as soil protection, nutrient retention, and greenhouse gas mitigation. New crops can help achieve these goals, and advanced computational tools allow plant breeders to rapidly domesticate new crops and select for many traits that support both ecosystem services and profitable production
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Comparison of population photosynthesis characteristics and grain yield of wheat under various sowing dates and seeding rates Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-06 Ying Liu, Wei Cai, Kuanyu Zhu, Yunji Xu, Weilu Wang, Hao Zhang, Junfei Gu, Zhiqin Wang, Lijun Liu, Jianhua Zhang, Weiyang Zhang, Jianchang Yang
This study investigated the effects of sowing dates and seeding rates on photosynthetic characteristics and grain yield in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). A field experiment was conducted with three sowing dates—early sowing date (SD‐E), normal sowing date (SD‐N), and delay sowing date (SD‐D)—and three seeding rates—90 low seeding rate (SR‐L), 108 moderate seeding rate (SR‐M), and high seeding rate 126
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Sustainability of athletic field turf comparing organic and synthetic practices under two heights of cut Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-06 William M. Dest, J. Scott Ebdon
Long‐term comparisons over several years between organic and synthetic management are lacking in sports turf research. Our objective was to investigate playing surface qualities and soil properties over an 8‐year period. For this trial, Kentucky bluegrass (KBG, Poa pratensis L.) sod was established and annually inter‐seeded with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and KBG. Factors included height
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Genetic mapping and QTL analysis of multigenic resistance to powdery mildew (Podosphaera macularis) in hop (Humulus lupulus L.) Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-31 John A. Henning, Michele S. Wiseman, David H. Gent, Lillian K. Padgitt‐Cobb, Reginald Appiah‐Kubi, David A. Hendrix
Hop powdery mildew (PM) (Podosphaera macularis) causes substantial losses if left uncontrolled. Most resistant hop cultivars possess qualitative resistance based on R‐genes. One cultivar, Comet, has uncharacterized resistance that may be polygenic. This study focused on identifying genomic regions controlling PM resistance in Comet and ascertaining putative genetic mechanisms behind such resistance
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Modulating soybean yield responses to climate warming: The role of E3 and E4 loci in growth period adaptation Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-30 Etsushi Kumagai, Satoshi Nakano, Naoki Matsuo, Tetsuya Yamada
Crop models have suggested high sensitivity of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] to day length and the resultant extension of the growth period as a concept to overcome yield loss due to climate warming. However, experimental validation of this concept is incomplete. The E3 and E4 loci encode phytochrome A isoforms and enhance sensitivity to day length. Our previous study showed that the dominant E4
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The draft genome of Piper longum L. Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-29 Deepu Mathew, Ravisankar Valsalan
Genome of Piper longum (long pepper, Piperaceae), an important medicinal plant, is being reported. The sequencing was carried out on Illumina Novaseq‐6000 platform at 150x coverage, and de novo scaffold‐level assembly has resulted in a 447.7 Mb genome (89,204 scaffolds with an N50 value of 10.7 kb). Even though long pepper is valued for its pungent alkaloids, especially piperine, mechanism of piperine
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Inheritance of seed, flower, and anther colors and their linkage in diverse flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) genotypes Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-26 Ahasanul Hoque, T. M. Shaikh, Mukhlesur Rahman
Breeders need to mine the underlying genes of target traits for their improvement before the inception of the breeding program. We conducted this research to decipher the number of genes along with their interactions and linkage for seed color, flower color, and anther color, and to show the reflection of genetic divergence on phenotypic variations in segregating populations by crossing diverse flax
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Proposal of a super trait for increased grain yield, popping expansion, and ear rot resistance in popcorn Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-26 Rafael Nunes de Almeida, Marcelo Vivas, Yure Pequeno de Souza, Júlio Cesar Gradice Saluci, Luana Cruz Vasconcelos, Antônio Teixeira do Amaral Júnior
Fusarium ear rot (FER) is a disease that causes a decrease in grain quality in several popcorn fields in tropical regions. To contribute to the development of popcorn cultivars resistant to FER and superior in the main agronomic traits, the study aimed to compare gains in popping expansion (PE), grain yield (GY), and FER resistance through direct and indirect selection strategies by proposing a new
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Andean common bean bulk breeding lines selected on multiple continents exhibit broad genetic diversity and stress adaptation Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-26 Rie Sadohara, Karen Cichy, Deidre Fourie, Susan Nchimbi Msolla, Qijian Song, Phil Miklas, Tim Porch
The low genetic diversity in Andean common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) presents opportunities to improve stress tolerance and increase productivity. Thus, this study aimed to develop Andean bean breeding populations and evaluate them in suboptimal environments. Phaseolus Improvement Cooperative (PIC) populations were developed by crossing 53 Andean and five Middle American bean parents using bulk breeding
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Modeling the impact of resource allocation decisions on genomic prediction using maize multi‐environment data Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-24 Dylan L. Schoemaker, Dayane Cristina Lima, Natalia de Leon, Shawn M. Kaeppler
In a hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) breeding program that utilizes genomic selection, resource allocation used in phenotypic data acquisition must be balanced between population size, number of environments, and the number of testers used for generating hybrids. Plant breeders evaluate newly developed inbred lines using multi‐environment trials to account for genotype‐by‐environment interaction effects
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Transcriptome analysis of the molecular basis of 11‐eicosenoic acid‐mediated salt stress tolerance in rice Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-22 Shiqing Dong, Juan He, Yuming Luo, Xiaokang Han
Salt stress is one of the major abiotic factors severely hampering rice production. Fatty acids play a crucial role in plants response to such stress. Previous studies have demonstrated the potential of unsaturated fatty acid (11‐eicosenoic acid [EA]) to enhance salt tolerance in rice, but the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Our study indicates that the exogenous application of EA could alleviate
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Forage legume responses to climate change factors Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-22 Lynn E. Sollenberger, Marta M. Kohmann
Incorporating forage legumes into grasslands is a recommended climate change mitigation strategy, but accruing desired benefits from legumes is contingent upon their resilience when exposed to climate change factors (CCF). Our objective was to synthesize literature describing responses to CCF of a broad array of forage legume species, including annuals and perennials from both temperate and tropical/subtropical
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Genetic gain of Dekalb brand maize hybrids released during the first two decades of this century in the United States 95–115 relative maturity markets Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Sofía P. Brandariz, David V. Butruille
Era studies are key to estimate the historic rate of genetic gain for commercial traits of a crop. We evaluated for the first time nearly all maize hybrids released (269) in five relative maturity markets (95, 100, 105, 110, and 115) from Bayer Crop Science Dekalb brand over the last 20 years. We focused on grain yield, plant height, moisture, and test weight. We then compared the predicted gains derived
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Winter wheat response to plant density in yield contest fields Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-16 Romulo P. Lollato, Luiz O. Pradella, Nicolas Giordano, Luke P. Ryan, Jorge R. Soler, Luana M. Simão, Brent R. Jaenisch, Rick Horton
Seeding rate recommendations for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) are often 150–450 seeds m−2. However, we hypothesize that wheat grown with high resource availability (i.e., fertility and moisture) can maximize yield under considerably lower rates. Our objectives were to explore winter wheat response to low populations under high resource availability using yield-contest fields as a case study. A factorial
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Factor analysis applied to simultaneous selection for resistance to anthracnose and angular leaf spot Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-15 Jussara Mencalha, Mariana Andrade Dias, Elaine Aparecida de Souza, Vinícius Quintão Carneiro, Pedro Crescêncio Souza Carneiro, José Eustáquio de Souza Carneiro
Diseases such as anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) and angular leaf spot (Pseudocercospora griseola) can occur in common bean and compromise crop production, especially if susceptible cultivars are grown under conditions favorable to these diseases. The most efficient and sustainable alternative for controlling these diseases is the use of resistant cultivars. The identification of sources
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Invasive sorghum aphid: A decade of research on deciphering plant resistance mechanisms and novel approaches in breeding for sorghum resistance to aphids Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-10 Mahendar Thudi, M. S. Sai Reddy, Yogesh Dashrath Naik, Varun Kumar Reddy Cheruku, Manoj Kumar Reddy Sangireddy, Hugo E. Cuevas, Joseph E. Knoll, Joe Louis, Chandrasekar S. Kousik, Michael D. Toews, Xinzhi Ni, Somashekhar M. Punnuri
During the last decade, the sorghum aphid (Melanaphis sorghi), previously identified as sugarcane aphid (Melanaphis sacchari), became a serious pest of sorghum, spreading to all sorghum‐producing regions in the United States, Mexico, and South America, where crop losses of 50%–100% have been reported. Developing sorghum cultivars with resistance to this insect is the most sustainable strategy for long‐term
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Fiber production repeatability and selection of promising fique (Furcraea spp.) genotypes Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-10 Laura Espitia‐Negrete, Luz Fanny Orozco‐Orozco, José Miguel Cotes Torres, Clara Inés Medina‐Cano, Nancy Yohana Grisales‐Vasquez
Globally, natural fibers are important at reducing the using nonrecyclable synthetic fibers; therefore, cultivating fique can help supply the demand for nonplastic packaging in the Colombian and international markets. Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria has a working collection of fique located at La Selva‐Rionegro Research Center (Antioquia‐Colombia). This work evaluated the repeatability
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Robust and smart: Inference on phenotypic plasticity of Coffea canephora reveals adaptation to alternative environments Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-10 Maria Amélia G. Ferrão, Elaine M. Riva‐Souza, Camila Azevedo, Paulo S. Volpi, Aymbiré F. A. Fonseca, Romario G. Ferrão, Christopher Montagnon, Luis Felipe V. Ferrão
Coffee is an important crop with economic and social importance in several countries. With a daily consumption estimated at 2.2 billion cups, its sustainability is facing critical challenges given the projected climate changes. Coffea arabica, which represents ∼60% of the global market coffee is a delicate crop, quite susceptible to diseases and biotic stresses. Developing climate‐resilience cultivars
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Gene pyramiding for achieving enhanced disease and insect multiple resistance in Coffea arabica Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-10 Francielle de Matos Feitosa, Iara Gonçalves dos Santos, Antonio Alves Pereira, Antonio Carlos Baião de Oliveira, Eveline Teixeira Caixeta
Developing a new coffee cultivar can take up to 25 years using traditional approaches. The implementation of molecular tools into the coffee breeding pipeline can speed up the development of high‐yielding varieties with multiple resistance to pests and diseases. This study aimed to verify the presence of gene pyramiding for resistance to coffee berry disease (CBD) and coffee leaf rust and access the
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Genetic variation for grain iron and zinc concentration in the US sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] association panel Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-05 M. Djanaguiraman, K. Vimala, P. A. Sofi, R. Perumal, P. V. V. Prasad
Iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) are important nutritional traits that determine the cultivar value of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. The present study was undertaken to characterize the natural variation in landraces and accessions of sorghum association panel for grain Fe and Zn and to understand the nature of the association between grain Fe and Zn concentration and grain yield. Grain Fe and