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Subcutaneous adipose tissue and skeletal muscle mitochondria following weight loss. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-16 Birgitta W van der Kolk,Eija Pirinen,Rachel Nicoll,Kirsi H Pietiläinen,Sini Heinonen
Obesity is a major global health issue with various metabolic complications. Both bariatric surgery and dieting achieve weight loss and improve whole-body metabolism, but vary in their ability to maintain these improvements over time. Adipose tissue and skeletal muscle metabolism are crucial in weight regulation, and obesity is linked to mitochondrial dysfunction in both tissues. The impact of bariatric
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NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, oxidized form). Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Valentina Ferro,Sofia Moco
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Creating a picture of brown fat with creatine-CEST. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-09 Mohammed K Hankir
Accurate assessment of brown fat thermogenesis by non-invasive means remains challenging. Writing in Nature Metabolism, Cai et al. leverage the futile creatine cycling characteristic of thermogenic adipocytes to show that a type of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique sensitive to endogenous creatine levels faithfully tracks brown fat thermogenesis in rodents and in humans.
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A new clinical age of aging research. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-02 Zhen Zhang,Renlei Yang,Zhike Zi,Baohua Liu
Aging is a major risk factor for a variety of diseases, thus, translation of aging research into practical applications is driven by the unmet need for existing clinical therapeutic options. Basic and translational research efforts are converging at a critical stage, yielding insights into how fundamental aging mechanisms are used to identify promising geroprotectors or therapeutics. This review highlights
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The direct targets of metformin in diabetes and beyond. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-02 Luxia Yao,Lei Wang,Runshuai Zhang,Alexander A Soukas,Lianfeng Wu
Metformin, an oral antihyperglycemic drug that has been in use for over 60 years, remains a first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Numerous studies have suggested that metformin promotes health benefits beyond T2D management, including weight loss, cancer prevention and treatment, and anti-aging, through several proposed mechanistic targets. Here we discuss the established effects of metformin
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Astrocyte involvement in metabolic regulation and disease. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-29 Muhammad Naveed,Kathryn Smedlund,Qi-Gang Zhou,Weikang Cai,Jennifer W Hill
Astrocytes, the predominant glial cell type in the mammalian brain, influence a wide variety of brain parameters including neuronal energy metabolism. Exciting recent studies have shown that obesity and diabetes can impact on astrocyte function. We review evidence that dysregulation of astrocytic lipid metabolism and glucose sensing contributes to dysregulation of whole-body energy balance, thermoregulation
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The unexpected role of GIP in transforming obesity treatment. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-27 Inuk Zandvakili,Diego Perez-Tilve
Despite sharing incretin activity with glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), the development of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP)-based drugs has been hindered by the minor effects of native GIP on appetite and body weight and genetic studies associating loss-of-function with reduced obesity. Yet, pharmacologically optimized GIP-based molecules have demonstrated profound weight lowering benefits of GIPR
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Emerging interactions between mitochondria and NAD+ metabolism in cardiometabolic diseases. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-27 Azadeh Nasuhidehnavi,Weronika Zarzycka,Ignacy Górecki,Ying Ann Chiao,Chi Fung Lee
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential coenzyme for redox reactions and regulates cellular catabolic pathways. An intertwined relationship exists between NAD+ and mitochondria, with consequences for mitochondrial function. Dysregulation in NAD+ homeostasis can lead to impaired energetics and increased oxidative stress, contributing to the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic diseases.
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Walking the VLDL tightrope in cardiometabolic diseases. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-26 Mindy Kim,Ze Zheng
Very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), a triglyceride-rich lipoprotein secreted by hepatocytes, is pivotal for supplying peripheral tissues with fatty acids for energy production. As if walking on a tightrope, perturbations in the balance of VLDL metabolism contribute to cardiometabolic dysfunction, promoting pathologies such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic
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Patient-derived organoid models to decode liver pathophysiology. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-26 Benjamin J Dwyer,Janina E E Tirnitz-Parker
Liver diseases represent a growing global health challenge, and the increasing prevalence of obesity and metabolic disorders is set to exacerbate this crisis. To meet evolving regulatory demands, patient-specific in vitro liver models are essential for understanding disease mechanisms and developing new therapeutic approaches. Organoid models, which faithfully recapitulate liver biology, can be established
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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances as persistent pollutants with metabolic and endocrine-disrupting impacts. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-23 Lucas Gaillard,Robert Barouki,Etienne Blanc,Xavier Coumoul,Karine Andréau
The widespread use of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), and their resistance to degradation, renders human exposure to them inevitable. PFAS exposure disturbs endocrine function, potentially affecting cognitive development in newborns through thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy. Recent studies reveal varying male and female reproductive toxicity across PFAS classes, with alternative analogs
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New anti-inflammatory mechanism of glucocorticoids uncovered. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-23 Carolyn L Cummins,Ido Goldstein
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are potent anti-inflammatory drugs. A new study by Auger et al. found that GCs increase itaconate, an anti-inflammatory tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediate, by promoting movement of cytosolic pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) to mitochondria. Itaconate was sufficient for mediating the anti-inflammatory effects of GCs in mice, overriding the notion that nuclear glucocorticoid
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Exploring the heterogeneous targets of metabolic aging at single-cell resolution. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-23 Shuhui Sun,Mengmeng Jiang,Shuai Ma,Jie Ren,Guang-Hui Liu
Our limited understanding of metabolic aging poses major challenges to comprehending the diverse cellular alterations that contribute to age-related decline, and to devising targeted interventions. This review provides insights into the heterogeneous nature of cellular metabolism during aging and its response to interventions, with a specific focus on cellular heterogeneity and its implications. By
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The biogenesis and transport of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-19 Linqi Zhang,Xiao Wang,Xiao-Wei Chen
Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) play essential roles in human health and disease by transporting bulk lipids into the circulation. This review summarizes the fundamental mechanisms and diverse factors governing lipoprotein production, secretion, and regulation. Emphasizing the broader implications for human health, we outline the intricate landscape of lipoprotein research and highlight the potential
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Cardioprotective benefits of metabolic surgery and GLP-1 receptor agonist-based therapies. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-10 Arianne Morissette,Erin E Mulvihill
Individuals with excessive adipose tissue and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) face a heightened risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Metabolic surgery is an effective therapy for people with severe obesity to achieve significant weight loss. Additionally, metabolic surgery improves blood glucose levels and can lead to T2DM remission, reducing major adverse cardiovascular outcomes (MACE)
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Adapt and shape: metabolic features within the metastatic niche. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-08 Erica Pranzini,Luigi Ippolito,Elisa Pardella,Elisa Giannoni,Paola Chiarugi
The success of disseminating cancer cells (DTCs) at specific metastatic sites is influenced by several metabolic factors. Even before DTCs arrival, metabolic conditioning from the primary tumor participates in creating a favorable premetastatic niche at distant organs. In addition, DTCs adjust their metabolism to better survive along the metastatic journey and successfully colonize their ultimate destination
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Standardizing methodologies to study microplastics and nanoplastics in cardiovascular diseases. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-08 Yilin Pan,Suowen Xu,Xiubin Yang
Microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) are being recognized as new cardiovascular risk factors, impacting vascular cell functions and exacerbating atherosclerosis through diverse mechanisms. However, the varied concentrations of MNPs detected in major cardiovascular tissues highlight the urgent need for standardized research methodologies to better understand their impact and inform future health guidelines
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Pregnancy-induced metabolic reprogramming and regenerative responses to pro-aging stresses. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-08 Dainan Yu,Lanfang Luo,Hongmei Wang,Ng Shyh-Chang
Pregnancy is associated with physiological adaptations that affect virtually all organs, enabling the mother to support the growing fetus and placenta while withstanding the demands of pregnancy. As a result, mammalian pregnancy is a unique state that exerts paradoxical effects on maternal health. On one hand, the metabolic stress induced by pregnancy can accelerate aging and functional decline in
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Dissociating the metabolic and tumor-suppressive activity of p53. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Yoshitaka Sakurai,Naoto Kubota,Takashi Kadowaki
The tumor suppressor p53 regulates metabolic homeostasis. Recently, Tsaousidou et al. reported that selective activation of p53 via downregulation of Tudor interacting repair regulator (TIRR) confers protection against cancer despite obesity and insulin resistance, providing new insights into the role of p53 at the intersection of oncogenesis and systemic metabolism.
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Gut microbiota and eating behaviour in circadian syndrome. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Jorge R Soliz-Rueda,Cristina Cuesta-Marti,Siobhain M O'Mahony,Gerard Clarke,Harriët Schellekens,Begoña Muguerza
Eating behaviour and circadian rhythms are closely related. The type, timing, and quantity of food consumed, and host circadian rhythms, directly influence the intestinal microbiota, which in turn impacts host circadian rhythms and regulates food intake beyond homeostatic eating. This Opinion discusses the impact of food intake and circadian disruptions induced by an obesogenic environment on gut-brain
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Maternal-fetal mechanisms underlying adaptation to hypoxia during early pregnancy. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-29 Indrani C Bagchi,Milan K Bagchi
During the process of implantation, the embryo first attaches to the uterine epithelium and then invades the underlying stroma, resulting in the transformation of the stroma into a secretory tissue that surrounds the embryo. An intricate dialogue allows the developing embryo and the maternal tissue to be in constant communication with each other. In many mammals, including humans, embryo implantation
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Unleashing metabolic power for axonal regeneration. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-27 Xiaoyan Yang,Bing Zhou
Axon regeneration requires the mobilization of intracellular resources, including proteins, lipids, and nucleotides. After injury, neurons need to adapt their metabolism to meet the biosynthetic demands needed to achieve axonal regeneration. However, the exact contribution of cellular metabolism to this process remains elusive. Insights into the metabolic characteristics of proliferative cells may
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Autophagy and lysosomal dysfunction in diabetes and its complications. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-24 Catherine Arden,Seo H Park,Xaviera Riani Yasasilka,Eun Y Lee,Myung-Shik Lee
Autophagy is critical for energy homeostasis and the function of organelles such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. Dysregulated autophagy due to aging, environmental factors, or genetic predisposition can be an underlying cause of not only diabetes through β-cell dysfunction and metabolic inflammation, but also diabetic complications such as diabetic kidney diseases (DKDs). Dysfunction
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SIRTifying intestinal nucleotide metabolism Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-20 Shweta Tiwary, Cristina D. Guerena, Jenna L. Jewell
The intestine is a proliferative tissue subjected to a variety of stresses that disturb its homeostasis. A recent study by demonstrated that loss of the tumor suppressor SIRT4 leads to increased cell proliferation via the nucleotide biosynthesis pathway over the salvage pathway after ionizing irradiation (IR).
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Follicle-stimulating hormone Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-13 Hannah Dimmick, T. Rajendra Kumar
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Gut microbial metabolites in cancer therapy. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-13 Panwei Song,Zhi Peng,Xiaohuan Guo
The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and promoting health. A growing number of studies have indicated that gut microbiota can affect cancer development, prognosis, and treatment through their metabolites. By remodeling the tumor microenvironment and regulating tumor immunity, gut microbial metabolites significantly influence the efficacy of anticancer therapies, including
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Lac-Phe (N-lactoyl-phenylalanine) Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-13 Shuke Xiao, Veronica L. Li, Jonathan Z. Long
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Non-SCFA microbial metabolites associated with fiber fermentation and host health. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-10 Erica T Grant,Hélène De Franco,Mahesh S Desai
Dietary fiber is degraded by commensal gut microbes to yield host-beneficial short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), but personalized responses to fiber supplementation highlight a role for other microbial metabolites in shaping host health. In this review we summarize recent findings from dietary fiber intervention studies describing health impacts attributed to microbial metabolites other than SCFAs, particularly
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Ceramides in the central control of metabolism. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-06 Miguel López,Carlos Diéguez,Manuel Tena-Sempere,Ismael González-García
Central ceramides regulate energy metabolism by impacting hypothalamic neurons. This allows ceramides to integrate endocrine signals - such as leptin, ghrelin, thyroid hormones, or estradiol - and to modulate the central control of puberty. In this forum article we discuss recent evidence suggesting that specific ceramide species and neuronal populations are involved in these effects.
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Interorganelle phospholipid communication, a house not so divided Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-06 Richard G. Lee, Danielle L. Rudler, Oliver Rackham, Aleksandra Filipovska
The presence of membrane-bound organelles with specific functions is one of the main hallmarks of eukaryotic cells. Organelle membranes are composed of specific lipids that govern their function and interorganelle communication. Discoveries in cell biology using imaging and omic technologies have revealed the mechanisms that drive membrane remodeling, organelle contact sites, and metabolite exchange
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Understanding gut dysbiosis for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis and treatment. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-04 Jingjing Yu,Xiaoping Chen,Xiangliang Yang,Bixiang Zhang
The gut microbiome can play a crucial role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression through the enterohepatic circulation, primarily acting via metabolic reprogramming and alterations in the hepatic immune microenvironment triggered by microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), metabolites, and fungi. In addition, the gut microbiome shows potential as a biomarker for early HCC diagnosis and
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Reconsidering lactate disallowance in pancreatic β cells. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-04 Accalia Fu
Lactate synthesis via lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), traditionally considered to be a 'disallowed' function in pancreatic β cells, is redefined by Cuozzo et al. who find that lactate produced by β cells regulates fasting insulin secretion via LDHB. The metabolic sources, fates, and relevance of β cell lactate are further examined.
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Why do some individuals with obesity remain metabolically healthy? Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-02 Christoph Buettner,Kenichi Sakamoto,Mary A Butera
A recent study by Peterson et al. that characterized individuals with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) or metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) in depth provides insights into the potential pathogenesis of MUO that accounts for much of the cardiometabolic disease and excess mortality caused by the obesity epidemic.
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Aconitate decarboxylase (ACOD1) has found a disease. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Fakhar H Waqas,Chutao Chen,Frank Pessler
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Towards the recognition of oligogenic forms of type 2 diabetes. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Lauriane Le Collen,Philippe Froguel,Amélie Bonnefond
The demarcation between monogenic and polygenic type 2 diabetes (T2D) is less distinct than previously believed. Notably, recent research has highlighted a new entity, that we suggest calling oligogenic forms of T2D, serving as a genetic link between these two forms. In this opinion article, we have reviewed scientific advances that suggest categorizing genes involved in oligogenic T2D. Research focused
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An orphan to the rescue of obesity and steatotic liver? Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-29 Shanu Jain, Arun K. Shukla
In a recent article, demonstrate that GPR75 knock-out in mice results in lower body fat and reduced hepatic lipid accumulation, with an increase in physical activity and energy expenditure. Loss-of-function (LoF) GPR75 variants in the UK Biobank (UKBB) are associated with reduced liver steatosis, suggesting potential therapeutic implications in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
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Adipose stem cells drive T cell infiltration in obesity. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-29 Aneta Balcerczyk,Assia Eljaafari,Luciano Pirola
Obesity is often associated with adipose tissue (AT) inflammation and immune cell infiltration. Writing recently in Cell Reports, Liao et al. investigated the mechanisms of T cell infiltration of AT using single cell (sc)RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), transplantation studies, in vitro co-cultures, and knock-out mice. They highlighted the crucial role of C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5)-secreting adipose
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Adiponectin Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Yan LI, Toshiharu Onodera, Philipp E. Scherer
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One-carbon metabolism shapes T cell immunity in cancer. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-25 Yajing Qiu,Ermei Xie,Haipeng Xu,Hongcheng Cheng,Guideng Li
One-carbon metabolism (1CM), comprising folate metabolism and methionine metabolism, serves as an important mechanism for cellular energy provision and the production of vital signaling molecules, including single-carbon moieties. Its regulation is instrumental in sustaining the proliferation of cancer cells and facilitating metastasis; in addition, recent research has shed light on its impact on the
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Recompensation in MASLD-related cirrhosis via metabolic bariatric surgery. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-21 Gong Feng,Yu Han,Wah Yang,Scott Shikora,Kamal Mahawar,Tan To Cheung,Giovanni Targher,Christopher D Byrne,Virginia Hernandez-Gea,Herbert Tilg,Ming-Hua Zheng
The prognosis of patients with decompensated cirrhosis is poor, with significantly increased liver-related mortality rates. With the rising tide of decompensated cirrhosis associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), the role of metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) in achieving hepatic recompensation is garnering increasing attention. However, the complexity of preoperative
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Polyamine metabolism in macrophage-adipose tissue function and homeostasis. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-18 Didier F Pisani,Daniele Lettieri-Barbato,Stoyan Ivanov
Intracellular metabolism is a crucial regulator of macrophage function. Recent evidence revealed that the polyamine pathway and subsequent hypusination of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) are master regulators of immune cell functions. In brown adipose tissue (BAT), macrophages show an impressive degree of heterogenicity, with specific subsets supporting adaptive thermogenesis during cold exposure
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Food perception induces fast fragmentation of hepatic mitochondria Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-18 Arnaud Chevrollier, Jérome Boursier, Valérie Desquiret-Dumas
have recently shown that sensory food perception in mice integrated at the hypothalamus would be sufficient to suppress hepatic glucose production in a rapid mechanism involving a newly described AKT-dependent kinase pathway that engages mitochondrial fission dynamics. Exploiting this pathway could guide strategies to treat type 2 diabetes.
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Is mitochondrial morphology important for cellular physiology? Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-11 Timothy Wai
Mitochondria are double membrane-bound organelles the network morphology of which in cells is shaped by opposing events of fusion and fission executed by dynamin-like GTPases. Mutations in these genes can perturb the form and functions of mitochondria in cell and animal models of mitochondrial diseases. An expanding array of chemical, mechanical, and genetic stressors can converge on mitochondrial-shaping
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The big picture Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-11 Salvatore Fabbiano
The publisher regrets that this article has been temporarily removed. A replacement will appear as soon as possible in which the reason for the removal of the article will be specified, or the article will be reinstated.
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Vitamin D and major chronic diseases. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-31 Shiyu Zhao,Frank Qian,Zhenzhen Wan,Xue Chen,An Pan,Gang Liu
Numerous observational studies have demonstrated a significant inverse association between vitamin D status and the risk of major chronic disease, including type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer. However, findings from Mendelian randomization (MR) studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggest minimal or no benefit of increased vitamin D levels. We provide an overview
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Increased hepatic gluconeogenesis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-29 Emma Barroso,Javier Jurado-Aguilar,Walter Wahli,Xavier Palomer,Manuel Vázquez-Carrera
Abnormally increased hepatic gluconeogenesis is a significant contributor to hyperglycemia in the fasting state in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) due to insulin resistance. Metformin, the most prescribed drug for the treatment of T2DM, is believed to exert its effect mainly by reducing hepatic gluconeogenesis. Here, we discuss how increased hepatic gluconeogenesis contributes to T2DM
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ISR pathway contribution to tissue specificity of mitochondrial diseases Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-27 Ana Vela-Sebastián, Pilar Bayona-Bafaluy, David Pacheu-Grau
Mitochondrial genetic defects caused by whole-body mutations typically affect different tissues in different ways. Elucidating the molecular determinants that cause certain cell types to be primarily affected has become a critical research target within the field. We propose a differential activation of the integrated stress response as a potential contributor to this tissue specificity.
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Advanced microbiome therapeutics as a novel modality for oral delivery of peptides to manage metabolic diseases. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-22 Ruben Vazquez-Uribe,Karl Alex Hedin,Tine Rask Licht,Max Nieuwdorp,Morten O A Sommer
The rising prevalence of metabolic diseases calls for innovative treatments. Peptide-based drugs have transformed the management of conditions such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Yet, challenges persist in oral delivery of these peptides. This review explores the potential of 'advanced microbiome therapeutics' (AMTs), which involve engineered microbes for delivery of peptides in situ, thereby enhancing
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Metabolic homeostasis of tissue macrophages across the lifespan Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-18 Stefanie K. Wculek, Stephan Forisch, Verónica Miguel, David Sancho
Macrophages are present in almost all organs. Apart from being immune sentinels, tissue-resident macrophages (TRMs) have organ-specific functions that require a specialized cellular metabolism to maintain homeostasis. In addition, organ-dependent metabolic adaptations of TRMs appear to be fundamentally distinct in homeostasis and in response to a challenge, such as infection or injury. Moreover, TRM
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Antagonizing GIPR adds fire to the GLP-1R flame Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-18 Aaron Novikoff, Timo D. Müller
Unimolecular co-agonists at the GLP-1/GIP receptors have recently achieved remarkable anti-obesogenic feats; yet, in a recent Phase 1 clinical trial, report astounding body-weight loss, and an appreciable safety profile, in participants with obesity using the GLP-1R agonist/GIPR antagonist AMG 133.
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Why cells need iron: a compendium of iron utilisation. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-16 Megan R Teh,Andrew E Armitage,Hal Drakesmith
Iron deficiency is globally prevalent, causing an array of developmental, haematological, immunological, neurological, and cardiometabolic impairments, and is associated with symptoms ranging from chronic fatigue to hair loss. Within cells, iron is utilised in a variety of ways by hundreds of different proteins. Here, we review links between molecular activities regulated by iron and the pathophysiological
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The sphinx helps to answer the riddle of cardiac regeneration Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-16 Jae Woo Jung, Timothy Hla, Zoltan Arany
Cardiomyocyte (CM) death drives heart failure worldwide, and efficient CM regeneration remains a fervently pursued but unachieved goal. recently described a novel approach to regeneration by orchestrating divergent sphingolipid signaling pathways in CMs and cardiac fibroblasts (CFs). The findings uncover new biology and offer interesting translational opportunities.
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Contributions of white adipose tissue to energy requirements for female reproduction Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Elizabeth S. Anaya, Evelyn L. de Groot, John P. Lydon, Stephanie A. Pangas, Sean M. Hartig
Body composition impacts female fertility and there are established relationships between adipose tissue and the reproductive system. Maintaining functional adipose tissue is vital for meeting the energetic demands during the reproductive process, from ovulation to delivery and lactation. White adipose tissue (WAT) shows plastic responses to daily physiology and secretes diverse adipokines that affect
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Digital twins and artificial intelligence in metabolic disease research Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Clara Mosquera-Lopez, Peter G. Jacobs
Digital twin technology is emerging as a transformative paradigm for personalized medicine in the management of chronic conditions. In this article, we explore the concept and key characteristics of a digital twin and its applications in chronic non-communicable metabolic disease management, with a focus on diabetes case studies. We cover various types of digital twin models, including mechanistic
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Intermittent fasting influences immunity and metabolism Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Daniel M. Marko, Meghan O. Conn, Jonathan D. Schertzer
Intermittent fasting (IF) modifies cell- and tissue-specific immunometabolic responses that dictate metabolic flexibility and inflammation during obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Fasting forces periods of metabolic flexibility and necessitates increased use of different substrates. IF can lower metabolic inflammation and improve glucose metabolism without lowering obesity and can influence time-dependent
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Lipid-associated macrophages between aggravation and alleviation of metabolic diseases. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-04 Ruonan Xu,Nemanja Vujić,Valentina Bianco,Isabel Reinisch,Dagmar Kratky,Jelena Krstic,Andreas Prokesch
Lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs) are phagocytic cells with lipid-handling capacity identified in various metabolic derangements. During disease development, they locate to atherosclerotic plaques, adipose tissue (AT) of individuals with obesity, liver lesions in steatosis and steatohepatitis, and the intestinal lamina propria. LAMs can also emerge in the metabolically demanding microenvironment
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Microbiome dynamics in immune checkpoint blockade. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-04 Chae Won Kim,Hyun-Jin Kim,Heung Kyu Lee
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) is one of the leading immunotherapies, although a variable extent of resistance has been observed among patients and across cancer types. Among the efforts underway to overcome this challenge, the microbiome has emerged as a factor affecting the responsiveness and efficacy of ICB. Active research, facilitated by advances in sequencing techniques, is assessing the predominant
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Disentangling fetal insulin hypersecretion and insulin resistance. Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Christopher J Nolan,Gernot Desoye
Disentangling which of insulin hypersecretion and insulin resistance is upstream in obesity-related type 2 diabetes (T2D) is challenging. Here, we consider the dynamics of insulin secretion and action in the fetuses of mothers with diabetes. We argue that fetal insulin hypersecretion occurs first, with insulin resistance being an adaptive protective response.
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Pancreatic islet adaptation in pregnancy and postpartum Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Nelmari Ruiz-Otero, Jeffery S. Tessem, Ronadip R. Banerjee
Pancreatic islets, particularly insulin-producing β-cells, are central regulators of glucose homeostasis capable of responding to a variety of metabolic stressors. Pregnancy is a unique physiological stressor, necessitating the islets to adapt to the complex interplay of maternal and fetal–placental factors influencing the metabolic milieu. In this review we highlight studies defining gestational adaptation
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Is the endotoxin–complement cascade the major driver in lipedema? Trends Endocrin. Met. (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-29 Ilja L. Kruglikov, Philipp E. Scherer
Lipedema is a poorly understood disorder of adipose tissue characterized by abnormal but symmetrical deposition of subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT) in proximal extremities. Here, we propose that the underlying cause for lipedema could be triggered by a selective accumulation of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS; also known as endotoxin) in gluteofemoral WAT. Together with a malfunctioning complement