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Neural Activity Differentiates Novel and Learned Event Boundaries J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Youssef Ezzyat, Abby Clements
People parse continuous experiences at natural breakpoints called event boundaries, which is important for understanding an environment's causal structure and for responding to uncertainty within it. However, it remains unclear how different forms of uncertainty affect the parsing of continuous experiences and how such uncertainty influences the brain's processing of ongoing events. We exposed human
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Experience Dependence of Alpha Rhythms and Neural Dynamics in the Mouse Visual Cortex J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Pouria Riyahi, Marnie A. Phillips, Nathaniel Boley, Matthew T. Colonnese
The role of experience in the development and maintenance of emergent network properties such as cortical oscillations and states is poorly understood. To define how early-life experience affects cortical dynamics in the visual cortex of adult, head-fixed mice, we examined the effects of two forms of blindness initiated before eye opening and continuing through recording: (1) bilateral loss of retinal
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DMXL2 Is Required for Endocytosis and Recycling of Synaptic Vesicles in Auditory Hair Cells J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Hu Peng, Longhao Wang, Yunge Gao, Huihui Liu, Guotong Lin, Yu Kong, Pengcheng Xu, Hongchao Liu, Qingyue Yuan, Huanhai Liu, Lei Song, Tao Yang, Hao Wu
Ribbon synapses of inner hair cells (IHCs) are uniquely designed for ultrafast and indefatigable neurotransmission of the sound. The molecular machinery ensuring the efficient, compensatory recycling of the synaptic vesicles (SVs), however, remains elusive. This study showed that hair cell knock-out of murine Dmxl2, whose human homolog is responsible for nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss DFNA71
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State- and Circuit-Dependent Opponent Processing of Fear J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Joanna Oi-Yue Yau, Amy Li, Lauren Abdallah, Leszek Lisowksi, Gavan P. McNally
The presence of valence coding neurons in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) that form distinct projections to other brain regions implies functional opposition between aversion and reward during learning. However, evidence for opponent interactions in fear learning is sparse and may only be apparent under certain conditions. Here we test this possibility by studying the roles of the BLA->central amygdala
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Circadian Rhythms Tied to Changes in Brain Morphology in a Densely Sampled Male J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Elle M. Murata, Laura Pritschet, Hannah Grotzinger, Caitlin M. Taylor, Emily G. Jacobs
Circadian, infradian, and seasonal changes in steroid hormone secretion have been tied to changes in brain volume in several mammalian species. However, the relationship between circadian changes in steroid hormone production and rhythmic changes in brain morphology in humans is largely unknown. Here, we examined the relationship between diurnal fluctuations in steroid hormones and multiscale brain
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Neurons of Macaque Frontal Eye Field Signal Reward-Related Surprise J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Michael R. Shteyn, Carl R. Olson
The frontal eye field (FEF) plays a well-established role in the control of visual attention. The strength of an FEF neuron's response to a visual stimulus presented in its receptive field is enhanced if the stimulus captures spatial attention by virtue of its salience. A stimulus can be rendered salient by cognitive factors as well as by physical attributes. These include surprise. The aim of the
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A Perspective on Neuroscience Data Standardization with Neurodata Without Borders J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Andrea Pierré, Tuan Pham, Jonah Pearl, Sandeep Robert Datta, Jason T. Ritt, Alexander Fleischmann
Neuroscience research has evolved to generate increasingly large and complex experimental data sets, and advanced data science tools are taking on central roles in neuroscience research. Neurodata Without Borders (NWB), a standard language for neurophysiology data, has recently emerged as a powerful solution for data management, analysis, and sharing. We here discuss our labs’ efforts to implement
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Generalized Encoding of the Relative Subjective Value of Cognitive Effort in the Dorsal ACC J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Jennifer L. Crawford, Rachel E. Brough, Sarah A. Eisenstein, Jonathan E. Peelle, Todd S. Braver
Making choices about whether and when to engage cognitive effort are a common feature of everyday experience, with important consequences for academic, career, and health outcomes. Yet, despite their hypothesized importance, very little is understood about the underlying mechanisms that support this form of human cost–benefit decision-making. To investigate these mechanisms, we used the Cognitive Effort
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Selective Attention and Decision-Making Have Separable Neural Bases in Space and Time J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Denise Moerel, Anina N. Rich, Alexandra Woolgar
Attention and decision-making processes are fundamental to cognition. However, they are usually experimentally confounded, making it difficult to link neural observations to specific processes. Here we separated the effects of selective attention from the effects of decision-making on brain activity obtained from human participants (both sexes), using a two-stage task where the attended stimulus and
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Investigating Egocentric Tuning in Hippocampal CA1 Neurons J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Jordan Carpenter, Jan Sigurd Blackstad, David Tingley, Valentin A. Normand, Edvard I. Moser, May-Britt Moser, Benjamin A. Dunn
Navigation requires integrating sensory information with a stable schema to create a dynamic map of an animal’s position using egocentric and allocentric coordinate systems. In the hippocampus, place cells encode allocentric space, but their firing rates may also exhibit directional tuning within egocentric or allocentric reference frames. We compared experimental and simulated data to assess the prevalence
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Disentangling Temporal and Rate Codes in the Primate Somatosensory Cortex J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Thierri Callier, Thomas Gitchell, Michael A. Harvey, Sliman J. Bensmaia
Millisecond-scale temporal spiking patterns encode sensory information in the periphery, but their role in the neocortex remains controversial. The sense of touch provides a window into temporal coding because tactile neurons often exhibit precise, repeatable, and informative temporal spiking patterns. In the somatosensory cortex (S1), responses to skin vibrations exhibit phase locking that faithfully
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Musicianship and Prominence of Interhemispheric Connectivity Determine Two Different Pathways to Atypical Language Dominance J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Esteban Villar-Rodríguez, Lidón Marin-Marin, María Baena-Pérez, Cristina Cano-Melle, Maria Antònia Parcet, César Ávila
During infancy and adolescence, language develops from a predominantly interhemispheric control—through the corpus callosum (CC)—to a predominantly intrahemispheric control, mainly subserved by the left arcuate fasciculus (AF). Using multimodal neuroimaging, we demonstrate that human left-handers (both male and female) with an atypical language lateralization show a rightward participation of language
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ELP1, the Gene Mutated in Familial Dysautonomia, Is Required for Normal Enteric Nervous System Development and Maintenance and for Gut Epithelium Homeostasis J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Marta Chaverra, Alexandra M. Cheney, Alpha Scheel, Alessa Miller, Lynn George, Anastasia Schultz, Katelyn Henningsen, Douglas Kominsky, Heather Walk, William R. Kennedy, Horacio Kaufmann, Seth Walk, Valérie Copié, Frances Lefcort
Familial dysautonomia (FD) is a rare sensory and autonomic neuropathy that results from a mutation in the ELP1 gene. Virtually all patients report gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction and we have recently shown that FD patients have a dysbiotic gut microbiome and altered metabolome. These findings were recapitulated in an FD mouse model and moreover, the FD mice had reduced intestinal motility, as did
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Decision-Making with Predictions of Others Likely and Unlikely Choices in the Human Brain J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Ning Ma, Norihiro Harasawa, Kenichi Ueno, Kang Cheng, Hiroyuki Nakahara
For better decisions in social interactions, humans often must understand the thinking of others and predict their actions. Since such predictions are uncertain, multiple predictions may be necessary for better decision-making. However, the neural processes and computations underlying such social decision-making remain unclear. We investigated this issue by developing a behavioral paradigm and performing
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Effects of Phasic Activation of Locus Ceruleus on Cortical Neural Activity and Auditory Discrimination Behavior J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Xuejiao Wang, Zijie Li, Xueru Wang, Jingyu Chen, Ziyu Guo, Bingqing Qiao, Ling Qin
Although the locus ceruleus (LC) is recognized as a crucial modulator for attention and perception by releasing norepinephrine into various cortical regions, the impact of LC–noradrenergic (LC–NE) modulation on auditory discrimination behavior remains elusive. In this study, we firstly recorded local field potential and single-unit activity in multiple cortical regions associated with auditory–motor
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Amyloid-{beta} Causes NMDA Receptor Dysfunction and Dendritic Spine Loss through mGluR1 and AKAP150-Anchored Calcineurin Signaling J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Olga Prikhodko, Ronald K. Freund, Emily Sullivan, Matthew J. Kennedy, Mark L. Dell’Acqua
Neuronal excitatory synapses are primarily located on small dendritic protrusions called spines. During synaptic plasticity underlying learning and memory, Ca2+ influx through postsynaptic NMDA-type glutamate receptors (NMDARs) initiates signaling pathways that coordinate changes in dendritic spine structure and synaptic function. During long-term potentiation (LTP), high levels of NMDAR Ca2+ influx
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The Hippocampus Represents Information about Movements in Their Temporal Position in a Learned Motor Sequence J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Nina Dolfen, Serena Reverberi, Hans Op de Beeck, Bradley R. King, Genevieve Albouy
Our repertoire of motor skills is filled with sequential movements that need to be performed in a specific order. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate whether the human hippocampus, a region known to support temporal order in non-motor memory, represents information about the order of sequential motor actions in human participants (both sexes). We also examined such representations
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Chinese Verbal Fluency Deficiency in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy with and without Hippocampal Sclerosis: A Multiscale Study J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Kangrun Wang, Fangfang Xie, Chaorong Liu, Ge Wang, Min Zhang, Jialinzi He, Langzi Tan, Haiyun Tang, Bo Xiao, Lily Wan, Lili Long
To test a Chinese character version of the phonemic verbal fluency task in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and assess the verbal fluency deficiency pattern in TLE with and without hippocampal sclerosis, a cross-sectional study was conducted including 30 patients with TLE and hippocampal sclerosis (TLE-HS), 28 patients with TLE and without hippocampal sclerosis (TLE-NHS), and 29 demographically
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Heterogeneity in Slow Synaptic Transmission Diversifies Purkinje Cell Timing J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Riya Elizabeth Thomas, Franziska Mudlaff, Kyra Schweers, William Todd Farmer, Aparna Suvrathan
The cerebellum plays an important role in diverse brain functions, ranging from motor learning to cognition. Recent studies have suggested that molecular and cellular heterogeneity within cerebellar lobules contributes to functional differences across the cerebellum. However, the specific relationship between molecular and cellular heterogeneity and diverse functional outputs of different regions of
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Medial Prefrontal Cortex Stimulation Reduces Retrieval-Induced Forgetting via Fronto-parietal Beta Desynchronization J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Ahsan Khan, Chun Hang Eden Ti, Kai Yuan, Maite Crespo Garcia, Michael C. Anderson, Raymond Kai-Yu Tong
The act of recalling memories can paradoxically lead to the forgetting of other associated memories, a phenomenon known as retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF). Inhibitory control mechanisms, primarily mediated by the prefrontal cortex, are thought to contribute to RIF. In this study, we examined whether stimulating the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) with transcranial direct current stimulation modulates
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Encoding of 2D Self-Centered Plans and World-Centered Positions in the Rat Frontal Orienting Field J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Liujunli Li, Timo Flesch, Ce Ma, Jingjie Li, Yizhou Chen, Hung-Tu Chen, Jeffrey C. Erlich
The neural mechanisms of motor planning have been extensively studied in rodents. Preparatory activity in the frontal cortex predicts upcoming choice, but limitations of typical tasks have made it challenging to determine whether the spatial information is in a self-centered direction reference frame or a world-centered position reference frame. Here, we trained male rats to make delayed visually guided
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Investigation of metaplasticity associated with transcranial focused ultrasound neuromodulation in humans. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Mandy Yi Rong Ding,Tarun Arora,Can Sarica,Andrew Z Yang,Negar Nasrkhani,Talyta Grippe,Jean-François Nankoo,Stephanie Tran,Nardin Samuel,Xue Xia,Andres M Lozano,Robert Chen
Low intensity transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation (TUS) is a novel technique for non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS). TUS delivered in a theta (5Hz) burst pattern (tbTUS) induces plasticity in the human primary motor cortex (M1) for 30-60 minutes, showing promise for therapeutic development. Metaplasticity refers to activity-dependent changes in neural functions governing synaptic plasticity;
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Synaptotagmin 4 supports spontaneous axon sprouting after spinal cord injury. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Kyoka Higuchi,Akiko Uyeda,Lili Quan,Shogo Tanabe,Yuki Kato,Yukio Kawahara,Rieko Muramatsu
Injuries to the central nervous system (CNS) can cause severe neurological deficits. Axonal regrowth is a fundamental process for the reconstruction of compensatory neuronal networks after injury; however, it is extremely limited in the adult mammalian CNS. In this study, we conducted a loss-of-function genetic screen in cortical neurons, combined with a web-resource-based phenotypic screen, and identified
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Anterior olfactory cortices differentially transform bottom-up odor signals to produce inverse top-down outputs. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 David Wolf,Lars-Lennart Oettl,Laurens Winkelmeier,Christiane Linster,Wolfgang Kelsch
Odor information arrives first in the main olfactory bulb and is then broadcasted to the olfactory cortices and striatum. Downstream regions have unique cellular and connectivity architectures that may generate different coding patterns to the same odors. To reveal region-specific response features, tuning and decoding of single-unit populations, we recorded responses to the same odors under the same
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A miR-383-5p signalling hub coordinates the axon regeneration response to inflammation. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Matthew A Hintermayer,Camille A Juźwik,Barbara Morquette,Elizabeth Hua,Julia Zhang,Sienna Drake,Shan Shan Shi,Isabel Rambaldi,Vamshi Vangoor,Jeroen Pasterkamp,Craig Moore,Alyson E Fournier
Neuroinflammation can positively influence axon regeneration following injury in the central nervous system (CNS). Inflammation promotes the release of neurotrophic molecules and stimulates intrinsic pro-regenerative molecular machinery in neurons, but the detailed mechanisms driving this effect are not fully understood. We evaluated how microRNAs are regulated in retinal neurons in response to intraocular
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The Role of Intrinsic Plasticity in Engram Physiology and Temporal Memory Linking. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Walter Peregrim,Tim O'Leary
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The Future of Nonhuman Primate Neuroscience: Peril or Possibilities? J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Michele A Basso,Aaron P Batista,Steve W C Chang,Katalin M Gothard,Cory T Miller,Karen J Parker,Jan Zimmermann
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Atp13a5 Marker Reveals Pericyte Specification in The Mouse Central Nervous System. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Xinying Guo,Shangzhou Xia,Tenghuan Ge,Yangtao Lin,Shirley Hu,Haijian Wu,Xiaochun Xie,Bangyan Zhang,Sonia Zhang,Jianxiong Zeng,Jian-Fu Chen,Axel Montagne,Fan Gao,Qingyi Ma,Zhen Zhao
Perivascular mural cells including vascular smooth cells (VSMCs) and pericytes are integral components of the vascular system. In the central nervous system (CNS), pericytes are also indispensable for the blood-brain barrier (BBB), blood-spinal cord barrier and blood-retinal barrier, and play key roles in maintaining cerebrovascular and neuronal functions. However, the functional specifications of
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Distinct neuron types contribute to hybrid auditory spatial coding. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Chenggang Chen,Sen Song
Neural decoding is a tool for understanding how activities from a population of neurons inside the brain relate to the outside world and for engineering applications such as brain-machine interfaces. However, neural decoding studies mainly focused on different decoding algorithms rather than different neuron types which could use different coding strategies. In this study, we used two-photon calcium
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GluN3A and excitatory glycine receptors in the adult hippocampus. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 Emily P Hurley,Bandhan Mukherjee,Lisa Z Fang,Jocelyn R Barnes,Jessica C Barron,Firoozeh Nafar,Michiru Hirasawa,Matthew P Parsons
The GluN3A subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) plays an established role in synapse development, but its contribution to neural circuits in the adult brain is less clear. Recent work has demonstrated that in select cell populations, GluN3A assembles with GluN1 to form GluN1/GluN3A receptors that are insensitive to glutamate and instead serve as functional excitatory glycine receptors
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Sequential activation of lateral hypothalamic neuronal populations during feeding and their assembly by gamma oscillations. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 Mahsa Altafi,Changwan Chen,Tatiana Korotkova,Alexey Ponomarenko
Neural circuits supporting innate behaviors, such as feeding, exploration, and social interaction, intermingle in the lateral hypothalamus (LH). Although previous studies have shown that individual LH neurons change their firing relative to the baseline during one or more behaviors, the firing rate dynamics of LH populations within behavioral episodes as well as the coordination of behavior-related
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PDE4B Missense Variant Increases Susceptibility to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder-Relevant Phenotypes in Mice. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 Tatiana V Lipina,Shupeng Li,Ekaterina S Petrova,Tamara G Amstislavskaya,Ryan T Cameron,Christina Elliott,Yoichi Gondo,Alexander McGirr,Jonathan G L Mullins,George S Baillie,James R Woodgett,Steven J Clapcote
Large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have associated intronic variants in PDE4B, encoding cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase-4B (PDE4B), with increased risk for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as well as schizophrenia and substance use disorders that are often comorbid with it. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms of genetic risk involving PDE4B are poorly understood. To examine
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Mu-Opioid Receptor (MOR) Dependence of Pain in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 Dionéia Araldi,Larissa Staurengo-Ferrari,Oliver Bogen,Ivan J M Bonet,Paul G Green,Jon D Levine
We recently demonstrated that transient attenuation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, can both prevent and reverse pain associated with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), a severe side effect of cancer chemotherapy, for which treatment options are limited. Given the reduced efficacy of opioid analgesics to treat neuropathic, compared to inflammatory
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Circadian rhythms in conditioned threat extinction reflect time-of-day differences in ventromedial prefrontal cortex neural processing. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-09 Matthew J Hartsock,Catherine T Levy,Maria J Navarro,Michael P Saddoris,Robert L Spencer
Circadian rhythms in conditioned threat extinction emerge from a tissue-level circadian timekeeper, or local clock, in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). Yet it remains unclear how this local clock contributes to extinction-dependent adaptations. Here we used single-unit and local field potential analyses to interrogate neural activity in the male rat vmPFC during repeated extinction sessions
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Dynamic organization of neuronal extracellular matrix revealed by HaloTag-HAPLN1. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-09 Igal Sterin,Ava Niazi,Jennifer Kim,Joosang Park,Sungjin Park
The brain's extracellular matrix (ECM) regulates neuronal plasticity and animal behavior. ECM staining shows a net-like structure around a subset of neurons, a ring-like structure at the Nodes of Ranvier, and diffuse staining in the interstitial matrix. However, understanding the structural features of ECM deposition across various neuronal types and subcellular compartments remains limited. To visualize
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μ-opioid receptor modulation of the glutamatergic/GABAergic midbrain inputs to the mouse dorsal hippocampus. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-09 Haram R Kim,Soumil Dey,Gabriella Sekerkova,Marco Martina
We used virus-mediated anterograde and retrograde tracing, optogenetic modulation, immuno-staining, in-situ hybridization, and patch clamp recordings in acute brain slices to study the release mechanism and μ-opioid modulation of the dual glutamatergic/GABAergic inputs from the VTA and supramammillary nucleus to the granule cells of dorsal hippocampus of male and female mice. In keeping with previous
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Retinal Input to Macaque Superior Colliculus Derives from Branching Axons Projecting to the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-09 Yicen J Zheng,Daniel L Adams,Thomas N Gentry,Mikayla D Dilbeck,John R Economides,Jonathan C Horton
The superior colliculus receives a direct projection from retinal ganglion cells. In primates, it remains unknown if the same ganglion cells also supply the lateral geniculate nucleus. To address this issue, a double-label experiment was performed in 2 male macaques. The animals fixated a target while injection sites were scouted in the superior colliculus by recording and stimulating with a tetrode
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TRIM46 is required for microtubule fasciculation in vivo but not axon specification or axon initial segment formation. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-09 Allison J Melton,Victoria L Palfini,Yuki Ogawa,Juan A Oses Prieto,Anna Vainshtein,Alma L Burlingame,Elior Peles,Matthew N Rasband
Vertebrate nervous systems use the axon initial segment (AIS) to initiate action potentials and maintain neuronal polarity. The microtubule-associated protein tripartite motif containing 46 (TRIM46) was reported to regulate axon specification, AIS assembly, and neuronal polarity through the bundling, or fasciculation, of microtubules in the proximal axon. However, these claims are based on TRIM46 knockdown
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Hand-jaw coordination as mice handle food is organized around intrinsic structure-function relationships. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-09 John M Barrett,Megan E Martin,Mang Gao,Robert E Druzinsky,Andrew Miri,Gordon M G Shepherd
Rodent jaws evolved structurally to support dual functionality, for either biting or chewing food. Rodent hands also function dually during food handling, for actively manipulating or statically holding food. How are these oral and manual functions coordinated? We combined electrophysiological recording of muscle activity and kilohertz kinematic tracking to analyze masseter and hand actions as mice
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Effects of Context Changes on Memory Reactivation J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-04 Şahcan Özdemir, Yağmur Damla Şentürk, Nursima Ünver, Can Demircan, Christian N. L. Olivers, Tobias Egner, Eren Günseli
While the influence of context on long-term memory (LTM) is well documented, its effects on the interaction between working memory (WM) and LTM remain less understood. In this study, we explored these interactions using a delayed match-to-sample task, where participants (6 males, 16 females) encountered the same target object across six consecutive trials, facilitating the transition from WM to LTM
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The Lysine Acetyltransferase PCAF Functionally Interacts with Estrogen Receptor Alpha in the Hippocampus of Gonadally Intact Male--But Not Female--Rats to Enhance Short-Term Memory J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-04 Krista A. Mitchnick, Kate Nicholson, Cassidy Wideman, Kristen Jardine, Rhiannon Jamieson-Williams, Samantha D. Creighton, Allison Lacoursiere, Ciro Milite, Sabrina Castellano, Gianluca Sbardella, Neil J. MacLusky, Elena Choleris, Boyer D. Winters
Acetylation of histone proteins by histone acetyltransferases (HATs), and the resultant change in gene expression, is a well-established mechanism necessary for long-term memory (LTM) consolidation, which is not required for short-term memory (STM). However, we previously demonstrated that the HAT p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) also influences hippocampus (HPC)-dependent STM in male rats. In addition
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Intrinsic Molecular Proton Sensitivity Underlies GPR4 Effects on Retrotrapezoid Nucleus Neuronal Activation and CO2-Stimulated Breathing J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-04 Elizabeth C. Gonye, Yingtang Shi, Keyong Li, Rachel T. Clements, Wenhao Xu, Douglas A. Bayliss
An interoceptive homeostatic reflex monitors levels of CO2/H+ to maintain blood gas homeostasis and rapidly regulate tissue acid–base balance by driving lung ventilation and CO2 excretion—this CO2-evoked increase in respiration is the hypercapnic ventilatory reflex (HCVR). Retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) neurons provide crucial excitatory drive to downstream respiratory rhythm/pattern-generating circuits
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Cracking and Packing Information about the Features of Expected Rewards in the Orbitofrontal Cortex J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-04 Akihiro Shimbo, Yuji K. Takahashi, Angela J. Langdon, Thomas A. Stalnaker, Geoffrey Schoenbaum
The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is crucial for tracking various aspects of expected outcomes, thereby helping to guide choices and support learning. Our previous study showed that the effects of reward timing and size on the activity of single units in OFC were dissociable when these attributes were manipulated independently ( Roesch et al., 2006). However, in real-life decision-making scenarios, outcome
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Synchronized Photoactivation of T4K Rhodopsin Causes a Chromophore-Dependent Retinal Degeneration That Is Moderated by Interaction with Phototransduction Cascade Components J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-04 Beatrice M. Tam, Paloma Burns, Colette N. Chiu, Orson L. Moritz
Multiple mutations in the Rhodopsin gene cause sector retinitis pigmentosa in humans and a corresponding light-exacerbated retinal degeneration (RD) in animal models. Previously we have shown that T4K rhodopsin requires photoactivation to exert its toxic effect. Here we further investigated the mechanisms involved in rod cell death caused by T4K rhodopsin in mixed male and female Xenopus laevis. In
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Association between Inhibitory-Excitatory Balance and Brain Activity Response during Cognitive Flexibility in Young and Older Individuals J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-04 Geraldine Rodríguez-Nieto, David F. Alvarez-Anacona, Dante Mantini, Richard A. E. Edden, Georg Oeltzschner, Stefan Sunaert, Stephan P. Swinnen
Cognitive flexibility represents the capacity to switch among different mental schemes, providing an adaptive advantage to a changing environment. The neural underpinnings of this executive function have been deeply studied in humans through fMRI, showing that the left inferior frontal cortex (IFC) and the left inferior parietal lobule (IPL) are crucial. Here, we investigated the inhibitory–excitatory
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Sleep Consolidation Potentiates Sensorimotor Adaptation J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-04 Agustin Solano, Gonzalo Lerner, Guillermina Griffa, Alvaro Deleglise, Pedro Caffaro, Luis Riquelme, Daniel Perez-Chada, Valeria Della-Maggiore
Contrary to its well-established role in declarative learning, the impact of sleep on motor memory consolidation remains a subject of debate. Current literature suggests that while motor skill learning benefits from sleep, consolidation of sensorimotor adaptation (SMA) depends solely on the passage of time. This has led to the proposal that SMA may be an exception to other types of memories. Here,
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Distinct Neural Plasticity Enhancing Visual Perception J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-04 Taly Kondat, Niv Tik, Haggai Sharon, Ido Tavor, Nitzan Censor
The developed human brain shows remarkable plasticity following perceptual learning, resulting in improved visual sensitivity. However, such improvements commonly require extensive stimuli exposure. Here we show that efficiently enhancing visual perception with minimal stimuli exposure recruits distinct neural mechanisms relative to standard repetition-based learning. Participants (n = 20, 12 women
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Single-Cell Profiling Uncovers Evolutionary Divergence of Hypocretin/Orexin Neuronal Subpopulations J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-04 Dana Sagi, Muhammad Tibi, Inbal Admati, Tali Lerer-Goldshtein, Hannah Hochgerner, Amit Zeisel, Lior Appelbaum
Brain nuclei are traditionally defined by their anatomy, activity, and expression of specific markers. The hypothalamus contains discrete neuronal populations that coordinate fundamental behavioral functions, including sleep and wakefulness, in all vertebrates. Particularly, the diverse roles of hypocretin/orexin (Hcrt)-releasing neurons suggest functional heterogeneity among Hcrt neurons. Using single-cell
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Blockade of GluN2B-Containing NMDA Receptors Prevents Potentiation and Depression of Responses during Ocular Dominance Plasticity J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-04 Michelle C. D. Bridi, Su Hong, Daniel Severin, Cristian Moreno, Altagracia Contreras, Alfredo Kirkwood
Monocular deprivation (MD) causes an initial decrease in synaptic responses to the deprived eye in juvenile mouse primary visual cortex (V1) through Hebbian long-term depression (LTD). This is followed by a homeostatic increase, which has been attributed either to synaptic scaling or to a slide threshold for Hebbian long-term potentiation (LTP) rather than scaling. We therefore asked in mice of all
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A systematic structure-function characterization of a human mutation in Neurexin-3α reveals an extracellular modulatory sequence that stabilizes neuroligin-1 binding to enhance the postsynaptic properties of excitatory synapses. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-04 Eric G Stokes,Hyeonho Kim,Jaewon Ko,Jason Aoto
α-neurexins are essential and highly expressed presynaptic cell-adhesion molecules that are frequently linked to neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Despite their importance, how the elaborate extracellular sequences of α-neurexins contribute to synapse function is poorly understood. We recently characterized the presynaptic gain-of-function phenotype caused by a missense mutation in
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Sex-Dependent Synaptic Alterations in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-04 Brittany J Dugan,Myles Dockery
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Role of the STING-IRF3 pathway in ambient GABA homeostasis and cognitive function. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-03 Chiranjivi Neupane,Ramesh Sharma,Fei Fei Gao,Thuy Linh Pham,Yoo Sung Kim,Bo-Eun Yoon,Eun-Kyeong Jo,Kyung-Cheol Sohn,Gang Min Hur,Guang-Ho Cha,Sun Seek Min,Cuk-Seong Kim,Jin Bong Park
Targeting altered expression and/or activity of GABA transporters (GATs) provide therapeutic benefit for age-related impairments, including cognitive dysfunction. However, the mechanisms underlying the transcriptional regulation of GATs are unknown. In the present study, we demonstrated that the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) upregulates GAT1 and GAT3 expression in the brain which resulted
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BRCA1 promotes repair of DNA damage in cochlear hair cells and prevents hearing loss. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-03 Weitao Jiang,Guanrun Wang,Feng Bai,Bing Hu,Yang Xu,Xingzhi Xu,Guohui Nie,Wei-Guo Zhu,Fangyi Chen,Xin-Hai Pei
Cochlear hair cells (HCs) sense sound waves and allow us to hear. Loss of HCs will cause irreversible sensorineural hearing loss. It is well known that DNA damage repair plays a critical role in protecting cells in many organs. However, how HCs respond to DNA damage and how defective DNA damage repair contributes to hearing loss remain elusive.In this study, we showed that cisplatin induced DNA damage
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Electrocortical responses in anticipation of avoidable and inevitable threats: a multisite study. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-03 Yannik Stegmann,Janna Teigeler,Arash Mirifar,Andreas Keil,Matthias Gamer
When faced with danger, human beings respond with a repertoire of defensive behaviors, including freezing and active avoidance. Previous research has revealed a pattern of physiological responses, characterized by heart rate bradycardia, reduced visual exploration, and heightened sympathetic arousal in reaction to avoidable threats, suggesting a state of attentive immobility in humans. However, the
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Cells and molecules underpinning cannabis-related variations in cortical thickness during adolescence. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-30 Xavier Navarri,Derek N Robertson,Iness Charfi,Florian Wünnemann,Antônia Sâmia Fernandes do Nascimento,Giacomo Trottier,Sévérine Leclerc,Gregor U Andelfinger,Graziella Di Cristo,Louis Richer,G Bruce Pike,Zdenka Pausova,Graciela Piñeyro,Tomáš Paus
During adolescence, cannabis experimentation is common, and its association with inter-individual variations in brain maturation well studied. Cellular and molecular underpinnings of these system-level relationships are, however, unclear. We thus conducted a three-step study. First, we exposed adolescent male mice to Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or a synthetic cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2 (WIN) and assessed
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Spatiotemporal Neural Network for Sublexical Information Processing: An Intracranial SEEG Study. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-30 Chunyu Zhao,Yi Liu,Jiahong Zeng,Xiangqi Luo,Yuxin Liu,Yumei Zhang,Gaofeng Shi,Yuguang Guan,Zaizhu Han
Words offer a unique opportunity to separate the processing mechanisms of object subcomponents from those of the whole object, because the phonological or semantic information provided by the word subcomponents (i.e., sublexical information) can conflict with that provided by the whole word (i.e., lexical information). Previous studies have revealed some of the specific brain regions and temporal information