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Multiband Polarization Profile Analysis of Three-component Radio Pulsars by Implementing a Relativistic Phase-shift Method Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-17 Tridib Roy, Mayuresh Surnis and Ramkrishna Das
In this paper, we show the estimation of the emission altitude of pulsars PSRs B0329+54, B0450-18, B2045-16, J1909+0007, and J0337+1715 for both core and conal components at multiple radio bands by implementing a relativistic phase-shift method, which is constrained based on the plethora of standard radio emission geometry. Using the information of pulse longitudes for each component, coupled with
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Hunting for Candidates of Changing-look Blazars Using Mclust Clustering Analysis Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-17 Shi-Ju Kang, Shan-Shan Ren, Yong-Gang Zheng and Qingwen Wu
Changing-look blazars (CLBs) are blazars whose optical spectral lines at different epochs show significant changes and present a clear transition between standard FSRQ and BL Lacertae (BL Lac). Changing-look phenomena in blazars are highly significant for enhancing our understanding of certain physical problems of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), such as the potential mechanism of state transition in
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Bridging the Gap: GRB 230812B—A 3 s Supernova-associated Burst Detected by the GRID Mission Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-17 Chen-Yu Wang, Yi-Han Iris Yin, Bin-Bin Zhang, Hua Feng, Ming Zeng, Shao-Lin Xiong, Xiao-Fan Pan, Jun Yang, Yan-Qiu Zhang, Chen Li, Zhen-Yu Yan, Chen-Wei Wang, Xu-Tao Zheng, Jia-Cong Liu, Qi-Dong Wang, Zi-Rui Yang, Long-Hao Li, Qi-Ze Liu, Zheng-Yang Zhao, Bo Hu, Yi-Qi Liu, Si-Yuan Lu, Zi-You Luo, Ji-Rong Cang, De-Zhi Cao, Wen-Tao Han, Li-Ping Jia, Xing-Yu Pan, Yang Tian, Ben-Da Xu, Xiao Yang, Zhi Zeng
GRB 230812B, detected by the Gamma-Ray Integrated Detectors constellation mission, is an exceptionally bright gamma-ray burst (GRB) with a duration of only 3 s. Sitting near the traditional boundary (∼2 s) between long and short GRBs, GRB 230812B is notably associated with a supernova, indicating a massive star progenitor. This makes it a rare example of a short-duration GRB resulting from stellar
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Self-consistent Solutions of Evolving Nuclear Star Clusters with Two-dimensional Monte Carlo Dynamical Simulations Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-17 Fupeng Zhang and Pau Amaro Seoane
We recently developed a Monte Carlo method (GNC) that can simulate the dynamical evolution of a nuclear star cluster (NSC) with a massive black hole (MBH), where the two-body relaxations can be solved by the Fokker–Planck equations in energy and angular momentum space. Here we make a major update of GNC by integrating stellar potential and adiabatic invariant theory, so that we can study the self-consistent
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Universal Constants in Self-organized Criticality Systems Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-17 Markus J. Aschwanden
The occurrence frequency distributions of fluxes (F) and fluences or energies (E) observed in the majority (in 18 out of 23 cases) of astrophysical phenomena are found to be consistent with the predictions of the fractal-diffusive self-organized criticality (FD-SOC) model, which predicts power-law slopes with universal constants of αF = (9/5) = 1.80 for the flux and αE = (5/3) ≈ 1.67 for the fluence
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Unraveling the Nature of HAWC J1844–034 with Fermi-LAT Data Analysis and Multiwavelength Modeling Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-17 Sovan Boxi, Saptarshi Ghosh and Nayantara Gupta
The extended ultra-high-energy (UHE) gamma-ray source HAWC J1844–034 is closely associated with two other sources, HAWC J1843–032 and HWC J1846–025. Moreover, other gamma-ray observatories like HESS, LHAASO, and Tibet ASγ have detected UHE gamma-ray sources whose spatial positions coincide with the position of HAWC J1844–034. The UHE gamma-ray data from several observatories aid analysis of the spectral
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A Diverse, Overlooked Population of Type Ia Supernovae Exhibiting Mid-infrared Signatures of Delayed Circumstellar Interaction Astrophys. J. Lett. (IF 8.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-17 Geoffrey Mo, Kishalay De, Eli Wiston, Nayana A. J., Raffaella Margutti, Danielle Frostig, Jesper Sollerman, Yashvi Sharma, Takashi J. Moriya, Kevin B. Burdge, Jacob Jencson, Viraj R. Karambelkar and Nathan P. Lourie
Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) arise from the thermonuclear explosions of white dwarfs in multiple-star systems. A rare subclass of SNe Ia exhibit signatures of interaction with circumstellar material (CSM), allowing for direct constraints on companion material. While most known events show evidence for dense nearby CSM identified via peak-light spectroscopy (as SNe Ia-CSM), targeted late-time searches
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The Cold Jupiter Eccentricity Distribution is Consistent with EKL Driven by Stellar Companions Astrophys. J. Lett. (IF 8.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-17 Grant C. Weldon, Smadar Naoz and Bradley M. S. Hansen
The large eccentricities of cold Jupiters and the existence of hot Jupiters have long challenged theories of planet formation. A proposed solution to both of these puzzles is high-eccentricity migration, in which an initially cold Jupiter is excited to high eccentricities before being tidally circularized. Secular perturbations from an inclined stellar companion are a potential source of eccentricity
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Maximal Jet Energy of Gamma-Ray Bursts through the Blandford–Znajek Mechanism Astrophys. J. Lett. (IF 8.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-13 Zhao-Feng Wu, Michail Damoulakis, Paz Beniamini and Dimitrios Giannios
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are among the most energetic events in the Universe, driven by relativistic jets launched from black holes (BHs) formed during the collapse of massive stars or after the merger of two neutron stars. The jet power depends on the BH spin and the magnetic flux accreted onto it. In the standard thin disk model, jet power is limited by insufficient magnetic flux, even when the spin
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ZTF SN Ia DR2: Exploring SN Ia properties in the vicinity of under-dense environments Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 M. Aubert, P. Rosnet, B. Popovic, F. Ruppin, M. Smith, M. Rigault, G. Dimitriadis, A. Goobar, J. Johansson, C. Barjou-Delayre, U. Burgaz, B. Carreres, F. Feinstein, D. Fouchez, L. Galbany, M. Ginolin, T. de Jaeger, M. M. Kasliwal, Y.-L. Kim, L. Lacroix, F. J. Masci, T. E. Müller-Bravo, B. Racine, C. Ravoux, N. Regnault, R. L. Riddle, D. Rosselli, B. Rusholme, R. Smith, J. Sollerman, J. H. Terwel, A
Context. The unprecedented statistics of detected Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) brought by the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) enable us to probe the impact of the large-scale structure (LSS) on the properties of these objects.Aims. The goal of this paper is to explore the possible impact of the under-dense part of the LSS on the intrinsic SALT2 light-curve properties of SNe Ia and uncover possible biases
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ZTF SN Ia DR2: Colour standardisation of type Ia supernovae and its dependence on the environment Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 M. Ginolin, M. Rigault, Y. Copin, B. Popovic, G. Dimitriadis, A. Goobar, J. Johansson, K. Maguire, J. Nordin, M. Smith, M. Aubert, C. Barjou-Delayre, U. Burgaz, B. Carreres, S. Dhawan, M. Deckers, F. Feinstein, D. Fouchez, L. Galbany, C. Ganot, T. de Jaeger, Y.-L. Kim, D. Kuhn, L. Lacroix, T. E. Müller-Bravo, P. Nugent, B. Racine, P. Rosnet, D. Rosselli, F. Ruppin, J. Sollerman, J. H. Terwel, A. Townsend
Context. As type Ia supernova cosmology transitions from a statistics-dominated to a systematics-dominated era, it is crucial to understand the remaining unexplained uncertainties that affect their luminosity, such as those stemming from astrophysical biases. Type Ia supernovae are standardisable candles whose absolute magnitude reaches a scatter of typically 0.15 mag when empirical correlations with
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Radio emission from little red dots may reveal their true nature Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Muhammad A. Latif, Ammara Aftab, Daniel J. Whalen, Mar Mezcua
Context. The unprecedented sensitivity of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has revolutionized our understanding of the early Universe. Among the most intriguing JWST discoveries are red, very compact objects that show broad line emission features, nicknamed little red dots (LRDs). The discovery of LRDs has triggered great interest in their origin as either extremely starbursting galaxies or highly
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GJ 2126 b: A highly eccentric Jovian exoplanet Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 A. Schorr, A. Binnenfeld, S. Zucker
We report the discovery of GJ 2126 b, a highly eccentric (e = 0.85) Jupiter-like planet orbiting its host star every 272.7 days. The planet was detected and characterized using 112 radial velocity (RV) measurements from HARPS (High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher), provided by HARPS-RVBank. This planet orbits a low-mass star and ranks among the most eccentric exoplanets discovered, placing
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Planetesimal formation in a pressure bump induced by infall Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Haichen Zhao, Tommy Chi Ho Lau, Tilman Birnstiel, Sebastian M. Stammler, Joanna Dra̧żkowska
Context. Infall of interstellar material is a potential non-planetary origin of pressure bumps in protoplanetary disks. While pressure bumps arising from other mechanisms have been numerically demonstrated to promote planet formation, the impact of infall-induced pressure bumps remains unexplored.Aims. We aim to investigate the potential for planetesimal formation in an infall-induced pressure bump
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Deep view of the intracluster light in the Coma cluster of galaxies Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Yolanda Jiménez-Teja, Javier Román, Kim HyeongHan, Jose M. Vílchez, Renato A. Dupke, Paulo Afrânio Augusto Lopes, Robert Michael Rich, Osmin Caceres, Chester Li
The detection and study of the intracluster light (ICL) in rich clusters of galaxies has been a longstanding challenge and key focus. Using the lowest-surface-brightness images of the Coma cluster of galaxies in the g and r bands, from the Halos and Environment of Nearby Galaxies (HERON) Coma Cluster Project, we obtained the most extensive image of ICL in a single cluster to date, spreading over 1
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VBMicroLensing: Three algorithms for multiple lensing with contour integration Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 V. Bozza, V. Saggese, G. Covone, P. Rota, J. Zhang
Context. Modeling of microlensing events poses computational challenges for the resolution of the lens equation and the high dimensionality of the parameter space. In particular, numerical noise represents a severe limitation to fast and efficient calculations of microlensing by multiple systems, which are of particular interest in exoplanetary searches.Aims. We present a new public code built on our
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Velocity shift of a C IV broad absorption line in quasar SDSS J145229.08+093204.9 Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Wei-Jian Lu, Ying-Ru Lin, Min Yao
We present the observation of a velocity shift in the broad absorption line (BAL) of C IV ion in quasar SDSS J145229.08+093204.9 (hereafter J1452+0932).This quasar exhibits three distinct BAL systems, designated as systems A, B, and C. Notably, system A, which possesses the highest velocity of approximately −23 000 km s−1, demonstrates a velocity shift of −1097 km s−1 in its C IV ion over a rest-frame
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Constrained optimization approach for magnetohydrostatic equilibria on the solar atmosphere Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 M. H. Jafarpour, S. Nasiri
Context. The magnetic field plays an essential role in the evolution of structures and the description of events in the solar atmosphere. Several models have been developed to reconstruct the magnetic field, due to the impossibility of its direct measurement in the solar corona. The model proposed here extrapolates the photospheric magnetogram data up to the corona using a constrained optimization
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A new method for determining the onset times of solar energetic particles and their uncertainties: Poisson-CUSUM bootstrap hybrid method Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 C. Palmroos, N. Dresing, J. Gieseler, C. P. Gutiérrez, R. Vainio
Context. Solar energetic particle (SEP) events are a type of space weather phenomena in which highly energetic charged particles are released from the Sun into interplanetary space by violent and eruptive phenomena, such as solar flares and coronal mass ejections. In order to assess the origin of SEPs, an accurate timing of their arrival at spacecraft is of utmost importance. Several methods for determining
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Redistribution of ices between grain populations in protostellar envelopes Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Juris Kalvāns
Context. Matter that falls onto a protoplanetary disk (PPD) from a protostellar envelope is heated before it cools again. This induces sublimation and subsequent re-adsorption of ices that accumulated during the prestellar phase.Aims. We explore the fate of ices on multiple-sized dust grains in a parcel of infalling matter.Methods. A comprehensive kinetic chemical model using five grain-size bins with
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Variations in Venusian magnetic topology during an interplanetary coronal mass ejection passage: A multifluid magnetohydrodynamics study Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Jianing Zhao, Haoyu Lu, Jinbin Cao, Christian Mazelle, Yasong Ge, Shibang Li, Nihan Chen, Yihui Song, Jianxuan Wang, Yuchen Cao
The global effects on Venusian magnetic topology and ion escape during the significant solar-wind disturbances caused by the interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) remain an open area of research. This study examined a particularly intense ICME interaction with Venus on November 5, 2011, using a global multifluid magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) model. To evaluate Venus’s time-dependent response to
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Background exoplanet candidates in the original Kepler field Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 J. Bienias, R. Szabó
Context. During the primary Kepler mission, between 2009 and 2013, about 150 000 pre-selected targets were observed with a 29.42 minute-long cadence. However, a survey of background stars that fall within the field of view of the downloaded apertures of the primary targets has revealed a number of interesting objects. In previous papers we have presented surveys of short-period eclipsing binaries and
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Anisotropic diffusion of high-energy cosmic rays in magnetohydrodynamic turbulence Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Na-Na Gao, Jian-Fu Zhang
Context. The origin of cosmic rays (CRs) and how they propagate remain unclear. Studying the propagation of CRs in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence can help to comprehend many open issues related to CR origin and the role of turbulent magnetic fields.Aims. To comprehend the phenomenon of slow diffusion in the near-source region, we study the interactions of CRs with the ambient turbulent magnetic
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Dual-component stellar assembly histories in local elliptical galaxies via MUSE Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Keerthana Jegatheesan, Evelyn J. Johnston, Boris Häußler, Augusto E. Lassen, Rogério Riffel, Ana L. Chies-Santos
Elliptical galaxies often exhibit complex assembly histories, and are presumed to typically form through a combination of rapid, early star formation and the subsequent accretion of material, often resulting from mergers with other galaxies. To investigate theories of spheroidal galaxy formation, the objective of this work is to analyse the star formation histories (SFHs) of a sample of three isolated
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Dynamics of energetic electrons scattered in the solar wind Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 A. Houeibib, F. Pantellini, L. Griton
We model the transport of solar energetic particles (SEPs) in the solar wind. We propagated relativistic test particles in the field of a steady three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulation of the solar wind. We used the code MPI-AMRVAC for the wind simulations and integrated the relativistic guiding center equations using a new third-order-accurate predictor-corrector time-integration scheme.
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Investigating the redshift evolution of lensing galaxy density slopes via model-independent distance ratios Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 S. Geng, M. Grespan, H. Thuruthipilly, S. Harikumar, A. Pollo, M. Biesiada
Context. Strong-lensing systems are expected to be discovered in great numbers by next-generation surveys. They provide a powerful tool for studying cosmology and the galaxy evolution. The coupling of the galaxy structure and cosmology through distance ratios means that it is essential for advancing both fields to examine the evolution of the lensing galaxy mass density profiles.Aims. We introduce
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Possible contributions of two nearby blazars to the NGC 4151 neutrino hotspot Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 A. Omeliukh, S. Barnier, Y. Inoue
Context. The origin of the high-energy astrophysical neutrinos discovered by IceCube remains unclear, with both blazars and Seyfert galaxies emerging as potential sources. Recently, the IceCube Collaboration reported a ∼3σ neutrino signal from the direction of the nearby Seyfert galaxy NGC 4151. However, two gamma-ray-loud BL Lac objects, 4FGL 1210.3+3928 and 4FGL J1211.6+3901, lie close to NGC 4151
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Possible explanations for the formation of ear-like structures in young Type Ia supernova remnants Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Biwen Bao, Yueyang Wang, Chuyuan Yang, Li Zhang
Several young type Ia supernova remnants (SNRs) exhibit apparent axisymmetrical deviations from spherical symmetry, manifested as two opposite ear-like protrusions in their projected morphologies. The origin of this specific feature remains debated, with several physical mechanisms proposed as possible explanations. In this work, we propose two scenarios to explain the formation of ear-like structures:
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Approaching ballistic motion in 3D simulations of gamma-ray burst jets in realistic binary neutron star merger environments Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 E. Dreas, A. Pavan, R. Ciolfi, A. Celotti
Context. The concomitant observation of gravitational wave and electromagnetic signals from a binary neutron star (BNS) merger in 2017 confirmed that these events can produce relativistic jets responsible for short gamma-ray bursts (sGRBs). The complex interaction between the jet and the surrounding post-merger environment shapes the angular structure of the outflow, which is then imprinted in the
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A numerical study of unusual flux decreases for cosmic ray protons and electrons observed by Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer in 2017 Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Yadi Yang, Xi Luo, Xiaojian Song, Weiwei Xu, Marius S. Potgieter
Aims. Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS), installed on the International Space Station, delivers precision measurements of cosmic proton fluxes and electron fluxes, providing unique inputs to further improve our understanding of the solar modulation of cosmic protons and electrons. The latest measurements published by AMS show significant decreases in daily cosmic proton fluxes and electron fluxes in
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The polarisation behaviour of OJ 287 viewed through radio, millimetre, and optical observations between 2015 and 2017 Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 J. Jormanainen, T. Hovatta, E. Lindfors, A. Berdyugin, W. Chamani, V. Fallah Ramazani, H. Jermak, S. G. Jorstad, A. Lähteenmäki, C. McCall, K. Nilsson, P. Smith, I. A. Steele, J. Tammi, M. Tornikoski, F. Wierda
OJ 287 is a bright blazar with century-long observations, and one of the strongest candidates to host a supermassive black hole binary. Its polarisation behaviour between 2015 and 2017 (MJD 57300–58000) contains several interesting events that we re-contextualise in this study. We collected optical photometric and polarimetric data from several telescopes and obtained high-cadence light curves from
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Machine learning the gap between real and simulated nebulae Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Francesco Belfiore, Michele Ginolfi, Guillermo Blanc, Mederic Boquien, Melanie Chevance, Enrico Congiu, Simon C. O. Glover, Brent Groves, Ralf S. Klessen, J. Eduardo Méndez-Delgado, Thomas G. Williams
Classifying ionised nebulae in nearby galaxies is crucial to studying stellar feedback mechanisms and understanding the physical conditions of the interstellar medium. This classification task is generally performed by comparing observed line ratios with photoionisation simulations of different types of nebulae (H II regions, planetary nebulae, and supernova remnants). However, due to simplifying assumptions
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Detecting clusters and groups of galaxies populating the local Universe in large optical spectroscopic surveys Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 I. Marini, P. Popesso, K. Dolag, M. Bravo, A. Robotham, E. Tempel, Q. Li, X. Yang, B. Csizi, P. Behroozi, V. Biffi, A. Biviano, G. Lamer, N. Malavasi, D. Mazengo, V. Toptun
Context. With the advent of wide-field cosmological surveys, samples of hundreds of thousands of spectroscopically confirmed galaxy groups and clusters are becoming available. While these large datasets offer a valuable tool to trace the baryonic matter distribution, controlling systematics in the identification of host dark-matter halos and estimating their properties remains crucial.Aims. We intend
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Forecasts of effects of beam systematics and deprojection on the third-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background experiment Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Jiazheng Dou, Jiakang Han, Wen Zhao, Bin Hu
The ground-based cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments are susceptible to various instrumental errors, especially for B-mode measurements. The difference between the response of two polarized detectors, referred to as the beam mismatch, would induce a T → P leakage when the detector pair is differenced to cancel the unpolarized signal. We applied the deprojection technique on the time-ordered
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The kinematics of 30 Milky Way globular clusters and the multiple stellar populations within Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-13 E. I. Leitinger, H. Baumgardt, I. Cabrera-Ziri, M. Hilker, J. Carbajo-Hijarrubia, M. Gieles, T. O. Husser, S. Kamann
Aims. The spectroscopic and photometric classification of multiple stellar populations (MPs) in Galactic globular clusters (GCs) has enabled comparisons between contemporary observations and formation theories regarding the initial spatial configurations of the MPs. However, the kinematics of these MPs is an aspect that requires more attention. We investigated the 3D kinematics of 30 Galactic GCs,
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New insights with XRISM and Cloudy: A novel column density diagnostic Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-13 Chamani M. Gunasekera, Peter A. M. van Hoof, Masahiro Tsujimoto, Gary J. Ferland
Aims. We present a simple yet powerful column density diagnostic for plasmas enabled by X-ray microcalorimeter observations.Methods. With the recent developments of the spectral simulation code CLOUDY, inspired by the high spectral resolution of the X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM) and the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics (Athena), we make predictions for the intensity
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Multi-scale analysis of the Monoceros OB 1 star-forming region Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-13 R. Bőgner, J. Montillaud, C. Vastel, M. Juvela, L. V. Tóth
Context. Young massive clumps are relatively rare objects and are typically found at large distances. The G202.02+2.85 (hereafter, G202) massive clump was identified in the Monoceros OB 1 molecular complex at a distance of about 700 pc. It was found to be undergoing active star formation and located at the junction point between two colliding filaments.Aims. We aim to further clarify the evolutionary
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Signatures of Rapidly Rotating Stars with Chemically Homogeneous Evolution in the First Galaxies Astrophys. J. Lett. (IF 8.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Boyuan Liu, Yves Sibony, Georges Meynet, Volker Bromm
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has revealed an unexpectedly high abundance of UV luminous galaxies at redshifts z ≳ 10, challenging “standard” galaxy formation models. This study investigates the role of rapidly rotating (massive) stars undergoing chemically homogeneous evolution (CHE) in reconciling this potential tension. These stars are more compact, hotter, and exhibit enhanced UV emission
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Big Bang Nucleosynthesis constraints on resonant DM annihilations J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Pieter Braat, Marco Hufnagel
We perform a systematic study of BBN constraints from photodisintegration for scenarios in which dark-matter annihilations are resonantly-enhanced. To this end, we implement and make available a new class ResonanceModel within an updated version v1.3.0 of ACROPOLIS. While the corresponding implementation is done in a rather model-independent way, we also make available three benchmark models that can
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Smooth μ-hybrid and non-minimal Higgs inflation in SU(4) C × SU(2) L × SU(2) R with observable gravitational waves J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Umer Zubair
We propose to study a smooth variant of the μ-hybrid inflation model and a non-minimal Higgs model of inflation with quartic non-minimal coupling between the Higgs field and gravity within the context of a realistic GUT gauge group based on supersymmetric SU(4) C × SU(2) L × SU(2) R . These models are incorporated with a realistic scenario of reheating and non-thermal leptogenesis, compatible with
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Detectable signals of post-Born lensing curl B-modes J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Mathew Robertson, Giulio Fabbian, Julien Carron, Antony Lewis
Curl lensing, also known as lensing field-rotation or shear B-modes, is a distinct post-Born observable caused by two lensing deflections at different redshifts (lens-lens coupling). For the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), the field-rotation is approximately four orders of magnitude smaller than the CMB lensing convergence. Direct detection is therefore challenging for near-future CMB experiments
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Black holes as fermion factories J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Yifan Chen, Xiao Xue, Vitor Cardoso
Ultralight bosons near rotating black holes can undergo significant growth through superradiant energy extraction, potentially reaching field values close to the Planck scale and transforming black holes into effective transducers for these fields. The interaction between boson fields and fermions may lead to parametric production or Schwinger pair production of fermions, with efficiencies significantly
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Galactic and extragalactic probe of dark matter with LISA's binary black holes J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Sohan Ghodla
The upcoming LISA mission will be able to detect gravitational waves from galactic and extragalactic compact binaries. Here, we report on LISA's capability to probe dark matter around these binaries if the latter constitute black holes. By analyzing the variation in the chirp mass of the binary, we show that depending on the black hole masses, LISA should be able to probe their surrounding dark matter
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Effects of scalar non-Gaussianity on induced scalar-tensor gravitational waves J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Raphaël Picard, Matthew W. Davies
If primordial scalar or tensor perturbations are enhanced on short scales, it may lead to the production of observable gravitational wave signals. These waves may be sourced by scalar-scalar, scalar-tensor or tensor-tensor interactions. Typically, models of inflation capable of producing large peaks in the scalar primordial power spectrum also generate sizeable scalar non-Gaussianity. Previous studies
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Swift-BAT GUANO Follow-up of Gravitational-wave Triggers in the Third LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA Observing Run Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Gayathri Raman, Samuele Ronchini, James Delaunay, Aaron Tohuvavohu, Jamie A. Kennea, Tyler Parsotan, Elena Ambrosi, Maria Grazia Bernardini, Sergio Campana, Giancarlo Cusumano, Antonino D’Aì, Paolo D’Avanzo, Valerio D’Elia, Massimiliano De Pasquale, Simone Dichiara, Phil Evans, Dieter Hartmann, Paul Kuin, Andrea Melandri, Paul O’Brien, Julian P. Osborne, Kim Page, David M. Palmer, Boris Sbarufatti
We present results from a search for X-ray/gamma-ray counterparts of gravitational-wave (GW) candidates from the third observing run (O3) of the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA network using the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (Swift-BAT). The search includes 636 GW candidates received with low latency, 86 of which have been confirmed by the offline analysis and included in the third cumulative Gravitational-Wave Transient
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Relative Alpha in the Magnetohydrodynamics with Open Magnetic Field Boundary and Its Application to the Solar Eruption Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Shangbin Yang, Jörg Büchner, Jean Carlo Santos, Jan Skála, Hongqi Zhang
An instability criterion in the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) with the open boundary of a magnetic field is proposed in this paper. We use a series of linear force-free extrapolation fields, in which the normal part of the magnetic field is fixed, to obtain the linear fitting coefficient called relative alpha by using the cojoined value of magnetic free energy and magnetic flux at the open boundary (EfΦ2)
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A Novel Survey for Young Substellar Objects with the W-band Filter. VII. Water-bearing Objects in the Core of the ρ Ophiuchi Cloud Complex Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Tanvi Sharma, Wen Ping Chen, Beth Biller, Loïc Albert, Belinda Damian, Jessy Jose, Bhavana Lalchand, Michael C. Liu, Yumiko Oasa
We present a study of very low mass stars and brown dwarfs in the rich star-forming core of the ρ Ophiuchi cloud complex. The selection of the sample relies on detecting the inherent water absorption characteristic in young substellar objects. Of the 22 water-bearing candidates selected, 15 have a spectral type of M6 or later. Brown dwarf candidates too faint for membership determination by Gaia have
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COSMOS-Web: The Role of Galaxy Interactions and Disk Instabilities in Producing Starbursts at z < 4 Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Andreas L. Faisst, Lilan Yang, M. Brinch, C. M. Casey, N. Chartab, M. Dessauges-Zavadsky, N. E. Drakos, S. Gillman, G. Gozaliasl, C. C. Hayward, O. Ilbert, P. Jablonka, A. Kaminsky, J. S. Kartaltepe, A. M. Koekemoer, V. Kokorev, E. Lambrides, D. Liu, C. Maraston, C. L. Martin, A. Renzini, B. E. Robertson, D. B. Sanders, Z. Sattari, N. Scoville, C. M. Urry, A. P. Vijayan, J. R. Weaver, H. B. Akins,
We study of the role of galaxy–galaxy interactions and disk instabilities in producing starburst activity in galaxies out to z = 4. For this, we use a sample of 387 galaxies with robust total star formation rate measurements from Herschel, gas masses from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, stellar masses and redshifts from multiband photometry, and JWST/NIRCam rest-frame optical imaging
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Energy Extraction from a Black Hole by a Strongly Magnetized Thin Accretion Disk Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Prasun Dhang, Jason Dexter, Mitchell C. Begelman
The presence of a strong, large-scale magnetic field in an accretion flow leads to the extraction of the rotational energy of the black hole (BH) through the Blandford–Znajek (BZ) process, believed to power relativistic jets in various astrophysical sources. We study rotational energy extraction from a BH surrounded by a highly magnetized thin disk by performing a set of 3D global GRMHD simulations
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Anomalous Neutral Hydrogen Column Densities in Local Interstellar Medium Clouds* * Based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope obtained from the Data Archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS AR-09525.01A. These observations are associated with programs #12475 Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Jeffrey L. Linsky, Seth Redfield
Analysis of high-resolution spectra of the hydrogen and deuterium Lyα lines provides measurements of interstellar neutral hydrogen column densities N(H i) to 113 stars within 50 pc of the Sun. Plots of N(H i) versus distance through the LIC, G, Mic, and other clouds in the local interstellar medium (LISM) show very interesting properties. For the LIC and G clouds, nearly all of the observed neutral
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Three-dimensional Transport of Solids in a Protoplanetary Disk Containing a Growing Giant Planet Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Eric Van Clepper, Ellen M. Price, Fred J. Ciesla
We present the results of combined hydrodynamic and particle tracking post-processing modeling to study the transport of small dust in a protoplanetary disk containing an embedded embryo in three dimensions. We use a suite of FARGO3D hydrodynamic simulations of disks containing a planetary embryo varying in mass up to 300 M⊕ on a fixed orbit in both high- and low-viscosity disks. We then simulate solid
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UNCOVERing the Faint End of the z ∼ 7 [O iii] Luminosity Function with JWST’s F410M Medium Bandpass Filter Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Isak G. B. Wold, Sangeeta Malhotra, James E. Rhoads, John R. Weaver, Bingjie Wang
Strong emission from doubly ionized oxygen is a beacon for some of the most intensely star-forming galaxies. JWST enables the search for this beacon in the early Universe with unprecedented sensitivity. Using UNCOVER DR1 JWST/NIRCam and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging data of A2744, we identify strong (rest-frame EW > 500Å) [O iii]5008 emitters at z ∼ 7 based on excess F410M flux. We find N =
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Resolving an Asteroseismic Catastrophe: Structural Diagnostics from p-mode Phase Functions off the Main Sequence Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 J. M. Joel Ong, Christopher J. Lindsay, Claudia Reyes, Dennis Stello, Ian W. Roxburgh
On the main sequence, the asteroseismic small frequency separation δν02 between radial and quadrupole p-modes is customarily interpreted to be a direct diagnostic of internal structure. Such an interpretation is based on a well-known integral estimator relating δν02 to a radially averaged sound-speed gradient. However, this estimator fails, catastrophically, when evaluated on structural models of red
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The Impact of Extended CO2 Cross Sections on Temperate Anoxic Planet Atmospheres Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Wynter Broussard, Edward W. Schwieterman, Clara Sousa-Silva, Grace Sanger-Johnson, Sukrit Ranjan, Olivia Venot
Our interpretation of terrestrial exoplanet atmospheric spectra will always be limited by the accuracy of the data we use as input in our forward and retrieval models. Ultraviolet molecular absorption cross sections are one category of these essential model inputs; however, they are often poorly characterized at the longest wavelengths relevant to photodissociation. Photolysis reactions dominate the
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The Fallibility of Equipartition Magnetic Field Strengths from Synchrotron Emission Using Synthetically Observed Galaxies Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Tara Dacunha, Sergio Martin-Alvarez, Susan E. Clark, Enrique Lopez-Rodriguez
Understanding the role that magnetic fields play on the stage of galaxy formation requires accurate methods for inferring the properties of extragalactic magnetic fields. Radio synchrotron emission has been the most promising avenue to infer magnetic field strengths across galaxies, with the application of a central assumption: that galactic cosmic rays are in energy equipartition with the magnetic
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Magnetic Activities of AD Leonis: Flares in TESS Data and Optical Spectra Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Diya Ram, Soumen Mondal, Dusmanta Patra, Samrat Ghosh, Rajib Khumbhakar
We studied the flaring activities of M4.5 dwarf AD Leo to understand its stellar atmospheres and magnetic activities. We present new observational results on this highly active star, using nonsimultaneous measurement of Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) data, time-series optical spectra, and Giant Meter Radio Telescope 325 MHz radio data. We revisited the rotation period of 2.23 ± 0.04 days
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The Oxidation–Deuteration Processes of Large, Astronomically Relevant Cationic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Xiaoyi Hu, Nian Zhao, Congcong Zhang, Xuejuan Yang, Alexander G. G. M. Tielens, Junfeng Zhen
In interstellar environments, gas-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) predominantly involves (photo)fragmentation, hydrogenation, and oxidation chemical routes, which lead to the formation of complex organic species. Here the gas-phase reactions between tribenzo-naphtho-pero-pyrene (TNPP, C40H18) cations and ultraviolet, 18/16O or D atoms are investigated. The oxidized TNPP cations ([C40H18/17/16On]+
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Observations of the X-Ray Millihertz Quasiperiodic Oscillations in Hercules X-1 Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Wen Yang, Wei Wang
With a systematic timing investigation of the persistent X-ray binary pulsar Her X-1 based on a large number of Insight-HXMT observations between 2017 and 2019, we confirm the presence of X-ray millihertz quasiperiodic oscillations (mHz QPOs) at ∼0.01 Hz. By applying wavelet analysis in our data analysis procedures, we first identify ∼0.005–0.009 Hz QPOs coexisting with the ∼0.01 Hz QPOs. Wavelet analysis
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Adiabatic Index in Fluid Models of Collisionless Black Hole Accretion Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-14 Charles F. Gammie
Models of highly sub-Eddington accretion onto black holes commonly use a single-fluid model for the collisionless, near-horizon plasma. These models must specify an equation of state. It is common to use an ideal gas with p = (γ − 1)u and γ = 4/3, 13/9, or 5/3, but these produce significantly different outcomes. We discuss the origins of this discrepancy and the assumptions underlying the single-fluid
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The impact of interplanetary magnetic field intensity on the Martian ionosphere Astron. Astrophys. (IF 5.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-12 Yihui Song, Yun Li, Haoyu Lu, Jinbin Cao, Shibang Li
Context. The interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is one of the important external drivers that controls the Martian-induced magnetosphere and ionosphere. Previous studies have shown that the ion escape process is highly influenced by both the direction and intensity of the IMF. The enhanced IMF may decrease the ion escape rate by inducing a stronger magnetosphere that protects the Martian ionosphere