-
A Targeted Search for Variable Gravitationally Lensed Quasars Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 William Sheu, Xiaosheng Huang, Aleksandar Cikota, Nao Suzuki, Antonella Palmese, David J. Schlegel and Christopher Storfer
We present a pipeline to identify photometric variability within strong gravitationally lensing candidates, in the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument Legacy Imaging Surveys. In our first paper, we laid out our pipeline and presented seven new gravitationally lensed supernovae candidates in a retrospective search. In this companion paper, we apply a modified version of that pipeline to search for
-
The Environments of Fast Radio Bursts Viewed Using Adaptive Optics Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Michele N. Woodland, Alexandra G. Mannings, J. Xavier Prochaska, Stuart D. Ryder, Lachlan Marnoch, Regina A. Jorgenson, Sunil Simha, Nicolas Tejos, Alexa Gordon, Wen-fai Fong, Charles D. Kilpatrick, Adam T. Deller and Marcin Glowacki
We present observations from the Gemini Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics System/Gemini South Adaptive Optics Imager at Gemini South of five fast radio burst (FRB) host galaxies of FRBs with subarcsecond localizations. We examine and quantify the spatial distributions and locations of the FRBs with respect to their host galaxy light distributions, finding a median host-normalized offset of 2.09 half-light
-
Examining the Nature of the Starless Dark Matter Halo Candidate Cloud-9 with Very Large Array Observations Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Alejandro Benítez-Llambay, Rajeshwari Dutta, Michele Fumagalli and Julio F. Navarro
Observations with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope recently detected H i 21 cm emission near M94, revealing an intriguing object, Cloud-9, without an optical counterpart. Subsequent analysis suggests that Cloud-9 is consistent with a gas-rich (MH I ≈ 106M⊙), starless, dark matter (DM) halo of mass M200 ≈ 5 × 109M⊙. Using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array in D-array configuration
-
A Tale of Two Molecules: The Underprediction of CO2 and Overprediction of PH3 in Late T and Y Dwarf Atmospheric Models Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Samuel A. Beiler, Sagnick Mukherjee, Michael C. Cushing, J. Davy Kirkpatrick, Adam C. Schneider, Harshil Kothari, Mark S. Marley and Channon Visscher
The sensitivity and spectral coverage of JWST are enabling us to test our assumptions of ultracool dwarf atmospheric chemistry, especially with regards to the abundances of phosphine (PH3) and carbon dioxide (CO2). In this paper, we use Near Infrared Spectrograph PRISM spectra (∼0.8−5.5 μm, R ∼ 100) of four late T and Y dwarfs to show that standard substellar atmosphere models have difficulty replicating
-
Phase-resolved Spectroscopy of Low-frequency Quasiperiodic Oscillations from the Newly Discovered Black Hole X-Ray Binary Swift J1727.8-1613 Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Qing-Cang Shui, Shu Zhang, Jing-Qiang Peng, Shuang-Nan Zhang, Yu-Peng Chen, Long Ji, Ling-Da Kong, Hua Feng, Zhuo-Li Yu, Peng-Ju Wang, Zhi Chang, Hong-Xing Yin, Jin-Lu Qu, Lian Tao, Ming-Yu Ge, Liang Zhang and Jian Li
Low-frequency quasiperiodic oscillations (LFQPOs) are commonly observed in X-ray light curves of black hole X-ray binaries (BHXRBs); however, their origin remains a topic of debate. In order to thoroughly investigate variations in spectral properties on the quasiperiodic oscillation (QPO) timescale, we utilized the Hilbert–Huang transform technique to conduct phase-resolved spectroscopy across a broad
-
Shocking and Mass Loss of Compact Donor Stars in Type Ia Supernovae Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Tin Long Sunny Wong, Christopher J. White and Lars Bildsten
Type Ia supernovae arise from thermonuclear explosions of white dwarfs accreting from a binary companion. Following the explosion, the surviving donor star leaves at roughly its orbital velocity. The discovery of the runaway helium subdwarf star US 708, and seven hypervelocity stars from Gaia data, all with spatial velocities ≳900 km s−1, strongly support a scenario in which the donor is a low-mass
-
Imprints of the Local Bubble and Dust Complexity on Polarized Dust Emission Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-17 George Halal, S. E. Clark and Mehrnoosh Tahani
Using 3D dust maps and Planck polarized dust emission data, we investigate the influence of the 3D geometry of the nearby interstellar medium (ISM) on the statistics of the dust polarization on large ( ) scales. We test recent models that assume that the magnetic field probed by the polarized dust emission is preferentially tangential to the Local Bubble wall, but we do not find an imprint of the Local
-
Three Types of Solar Coronal Rain during Magnetic Reconnection between Open and Closed Magnetic Structures Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Fangfang Qiao, Leping Li, Hui Tian, Zhenyong Hou, Hongqiang Song, Kaifan Ji and Zheng Sun
Coronal rain (CR) is a crucial part of the mass cycle between the corona and chromosphere. It includes flare-driven CR and two types of quiescent CR, along nonflaring active region closed loops and along open structures, separately, labeled as type I, type II, and type III CR, respectively. Among them, type I and type III CR are generally associated with magnetic reconnection. In this study, employing
-
PSR B0943+10: Mode Switch, Polar Cap Geometry, and Orthogonally Polarized Radiation Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Shunshun Cao, Jinchen Jiang, Jaroslaw Dyks, Longfei Hao, Kejia Lee, Zhixuan Li, Jiguang Lu, Zhichen Pan, Weiyang Wang, Zhengli Wang, Jiangwei Xu, Heng Xu and Renxin Xu
As one of the paradigm examples to probe into pulsar magnetospheric dynamics, PSR B0943+10 (J0946+0951) manifests representatively, showing a mode switch, orthogonal polarization, and subpulse drifting, frequently studied below 600 MHz. Here, both integrated and single pulses are studied at a high frequency (1.25 GHz) with FAST. The mode switch is studied using a profile decomposition method. A phase
-
Galactic Chemical Evolution Models Favor an Extended Type Ia Supernova Delay-time Distribution Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Liam O. Dubay, Jennifer A. Johnson and James W. Johnson
Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) produce most of the Fe-peak elements in the Universe and therefore are a crucial ingredient in galactic chemical evolution models. SNe Ia do not explode immediately after star formation, and the delay-time distribution (DTD) has not been definitively determined by supernova surveys or theoretical models. Because the DTD also affects the relationship among age, [Fe/H], and
-
Binary Mergers in the Centers of Galaxies: Synergy between Stellar Flybys and Tidal Fields Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Mila Winter-Granic, Cristobal Petrovich, Valentın Peña-Donaire and Chris Hamilton
Galactic centers (GCs) are very dynamically active environments, often harboring a nuclear star cluster and supermassive black hole at their cores. Binaries in these environments are subject to strong tidal fields that can efficiently torque its orbit, exciting near-unity eccentricities that ultimately lead to their merger. In turn, frequent close interactions with passing stars impulsively perturb
-
Massive Quiescent Disk Galaxies at 0.5 ≤ z ≤ 1 in CANDELS: Color Gradients and Likely Origin Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Qifan Cui, Pinsong Zhao and F. S. Liu
A rare population of massive disk-dominated quiescent galaxies has recently drawn much attention, which intrudes the red sequence (RS) population without destroying the underlying stellar disks. In this study, we have carefully identified 48 RS, disk-dominated galaxies with M* > 1010M⊙ between redshift 0.5 and 1.0 in all five CANDELS fields. These galaxies are well fitted by a two-component bulge plus
-
Flux Rope Modeling of the 2022 September 5 Coronal Mass Ejection Observed by Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter from 0.07 to 0.69 au Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Emma E. Davies, Hannah T. Rüdisser, Ute V. Amerstorfer, Christian Möstl, Maike Bauer, Eva Weiler, Tanja Amerstorfer, Satabdwa Majumdar, Phillip Hess, Andreas J. Weiss, Martin A. Reiss, Lucie M. Green, David M. Long, Teresa Nieves-Chinchilla, Domenico Trotta, Timothy S. Horbury, Helen O’Brien, Edward Fauchon-Jones, Jean Morris, Christopher J. Owen, Stuart D. Bale and Justin C. Kasper
As both Parker Solar Probe (PSP) and Solar Orbiter (SolO) reach heliocentric distances closer to the Sun, they present an exciting opportunity to study the structure of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in the inner heliosphere. We present an analysis of the global flux rope structure of the 2022 September 5 CME event that impacted PSP at a heliocentric distance of only 0.07 au and SolO at 0.69 au. We
-
Nonparametric Statistics on Magnetic Properties at the Footpoints of Erupting Magnetic Flux Ropes Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Rui Liu and Wensi Wang
It is under debate whether the magnetic field in the solar atmosphere carries neutralized electric currents, in particular, whether a magnetic flux rope (MFR), which is considered the core structure of coronal mass ejections, carries neutralized electric currents. Recently Wang et al. (2023) studied magnetic flux and electric current measured at the footpoints of 28 eruptive MFRs from 2010 to 2015
-
FAST Survey of H i and OH Absorption toward Extragalactic Radio Sources Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-16 Yogesh Chandola, D. J. Saikia, Yin-Zhe Ma, Zheng Zheng, Chao-Wei Tsai, Di Li, Denis Tramonte and Hengxing Pan
Neutral atomic hydrogen and molecular gas in the host galaxies of radio active galactic nuclei can be traced using H i 21 cm and OH-1667 MHz absorption lines to understand the fueling and feedback processes. We present the results of an H i and OH absorption survey with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope toward 40 radio sources of low–intermediate radio luminosity (∼1023–1026
-
JWST NIRSpec High-resolution Spectroscopy of MACS0647–JD at z = 10.167: Resolved [O ii] Doublet and Electron Density in an Early Galaxy Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-16 Abdurro’uf, Rebecca L. Larson, Dan Coe, Tiger Yu-Yang Hsiao, Javier Álvarez-Márquez, Alejandro Crespo Gómez, Angela Adamo, Rachana Bhatawdekar, Arjan Bik, Larry D. Bradley, Christopher J. Conselice, Pratika Dayal, Jose M. Diego, Seiji Fujimoto, Lukas J. Furtak, Taylor A. Hutchison, Intae Jung, Meghana Killi, Vasily Kokorev, Matilde Mingozzi, Colin Norman, Tom Resseguier, Massimo Ricotti, Jane R. Rigby
We present JWST/NIRSpec high-resolution G395H/F290LP spectroscopy of MACS0647−JD, a gravitationally lensed galaxy merger at z = 10.167. The new spectroscopy, which is acquired for the two lensed images (JD1 and JD2), detects and resolves emission lines in the rest-frame ultraviolet and blue optical, including the resolved [O ii] λλ3726, 3729 doublet, [Ne iii] λ3870, He iλ3890, Hδ, Hγ, and [O iii] λ4363
-
A Kinetic-magnetohydrodynamic Model with Adaptive Mesh Refinement for Modeling Heliosphere Neutral-plasma Interaction Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-16 Yuxi Chen, Gabor Toth, Erick Powell, Talha Arshad, Ethan Bair, Marc Kornbleuth and Merav Opher
The charge exchange between the interstellar medium and the solar wind plasma is crucial for determining the structures of the heliosphere. Since both the neutral-ion and neutral–neutral collision mean free paths are either comparable to or larger than the size of the heliosphere, the neutral phase space distribution can deviate far away from the Maxwellian distribution. A kinetic description for the
-
General Relativistic Radiation Magnetohydrodynamics Simulations of Precessing Tilted Super-Eddington Disks Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-16 Yuta Asahina and Ken Ohsuga
We perform a three-dimensional general relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamics simulation of a tilted super-Eddington accretion disk around a spinning black hole (BH). The disk, which tilts and twists as it approaches the BH, precesses while maintaining its shape. The gas is mainly ejected around the rotation axis of the outer part of the disk rather than around the spin axis of the BH. The disk
-
Exploring the Small-scale Magnetic Fields in the Atmosphere of HD 49385 by Asteroseismic Analysis Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-16 Yuetong Wang, Yaguang Li, Yan Li, Guifang Lin and Tao Wu
Recent asteroseismic studies have shown convincing evidence that magnetic fields may exist in the interior of some pulsating red giants. Inspired by this breakthrough, we explored the effect of small-scale magnetic fields on the p-mode oscillations in an evolved star, HD 49385. We incorporate a modified Eddington T–τ equation that phenomenologically mimics the effect of the magnetic fields in the atmosphere
-
Resolving Twin Jets and Twin Disks with JWST and ALMA: The Young WL 20 Multiple System Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-15 Mary Barsony, Michael E. Ressler, Valentin J. M. Le Gouellec, Łukasz Tychoniec and Martijn L. van Gelder
We report the discovery of jets emanating from pre-main-sequence objects exclusively at mid-infrared wavelengths, enabled by the superb sensitivity of JWST’s Mid-Infrared Instrument Medium-Resolution Spectrometer. These jets are observed only in lines of [Ni ii], [Fe ii], [Ar ii], and [Ne ii]. The H2 emission, imaged in eight distinct transitions, has a completely different morphology, exhibiting a
-
Simulation-based Inference of Reionization Parameters from 3D Tomographic 21 cm Light-cone Images. II. Application of Solid Harmonic Wavelet Scattering Transform Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-15 Xiaosheng Zhao, Yi Mao, Shifan Zuo and Benjamin D. Wandelt
The information regarding how the intergalactic medium is reionized by astrophysical sources is contained in the tomographic three-dimensional 21 cm images from the epoch of reionization. In Zhao et al. (“Paper I”), we demonstrated for the first time that density estimation likelihood-free inference (DELFI) can be applied efficiently to perform a Bayesian inference of the reionization parameters from
-
Playing with FIRE: A Galactic Feedback-halting Experiment Challenges Star Formation Rate Theories Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-15 Shivan Khullar, Christopher D. Matzner, Norman Murray, Michael Y. Grudić, Dávid Guszejnov, Andrew Wetzel and Philip F. Hopkins
Stellar feedback influences the star formation rate (SFR) and the interstellar medium of galaxies in ways that are difficult to quantify numerically, because feedback is an essential ingredient of realistic simulations. To overcome this, we conduct a feedback-halting experiment starting with a Milky Way–mass galaxy in the second-generation Feedback In Realistic Environments (FIRE-2) simulation framework
-
Identifying Halos in Cosmological Simulations with Continuous Wavelet Analysis: The 2D Case Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-15 Minxing Li, 敏行 李, Yun Wang, 云 王, Ping He and 平 何
Continuous wavelet analysis is gaining popularity in science and engineering for its ability to analyze data across both spatial and scale domains simultaneously. In this study, we introduce a wavelet-based method for halo identification and assess its feasibility in two-dimensional (2D) scenarios. We begin by generating four pseudo-2D data sets from the SIMBA dark matter simulation by compressing
-
An Alternative Model for the Orbital Decay of M82 X-2: The Anomalous Magnetic Braking of a Bp Star Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-15 Wen-Cong Chen
Recently, the first pulsating ultraluminous X-ray source M82 X-2 was reported to be experiencing a rapid orbital decay at a rate of based on 7 yr NuSTAR data. To account for the observed orbital-period derivative, it requires a mass transfer rate of ( is the Eddington accretion rate) from the donor star to the accreting neutron star. However, other potential models cannot be completely excluded. In
-
H i Kinematics and the E(B − V)/N(H i) Ratio Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-15 Harvey Liszt
The λ21 cm H i emission that is used to trace the gas-to-dust ratio at high Galactic latitudes has contributions from material beyond the Milky Way disk, with uncertain and likely subsolar metallicity and dust content. These contributions can be isolated kinematically and their presence is clear for sightlines with small mean reddening 〈E(B − V)〉 ≲ 0.03 mag, which have mean ratios 〈N(H i)〉/〈E(B − V)〉
-
Small Magellanic Cloud Cepheids Observed with the Hubble Space Telescope Provide a New Anchor for the SH0ES Distance Ladder Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Louise Breuval, Adam G. Riess, Stefano Casertano, Wenlong Yuan, Lucas M. Macri, Martino Romaniello, Yukei S. Murakami, Daniel Scolnic, Gagandeep S. Anand and Igor Soszyński
We present phase-corrected photometric measurements of 88 Cepheid variables in the core of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), the first sample obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope's (HST) Wide Field Camera 3, in the same homogeneous photometric system as past measurements of all Cepheids on the SH0ES distance ladder. We limit the sample to the inner core and model the geometry to reduce errors in
-
Helioseismic Properties of Dynamo Waves in the Variation of Solar Differential Rotation Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Krishnendu Mandal, Alexander G. Kosovichev and Valery V. Pipin
Solar differential rotation exhibits a prominent feature: its cyclic variations over the solar cycle, referred to as zonal flows or torsional oscillations, are observed throughout the convection zone. Given the challenge of measuring magnetic fields in subsurface layers, understanding deep torsional oscillations becomes pivotal in deciphering the underlying solar dynamo mechanism. In this study, we
-
How Does a Low Surface Brightness Galaxy Form Spiral Arms? Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Ganesh Narayanan, Anagha A. G. and Arunima Banerjee
The formation and evolution of spiral arms in low surface brightness galaxies (LSBs) are not well understood. We study the dynamics of spiral arms in two prototypical LSBs, FGC 568-VI and FGC 568-01, using both analytical models and N-body + hydrodynamical simulations. We first consider the disk as a two-component system of gravitationally coupled stars and gas in the force field of a spherical dark
-
Filamentary Structures Formation around a Magnetic Pore Using High-resolution Observations of the Goode Solar Telescope Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Jie Zhao, Fu Yu, Xiaoshuai Zhu, Xu Yang, Jiangtao Su, Brigitte Schmieder, Hui Li and Wenda Cao
With the aid of high-resolution spatial and temporal observations from the Goode Solar Telescope, we present an investigation of the emergence, coalescence, and submergence of a moving magnetic feature (MMF) in the region surrounding a magnetic pore located at the periphery of a large sunspot. The results show that the MMF has a magnetic field strength greater than 500 G and is dominated by the horizontal
-
High-resolution Elemental Abundance Measurements of Cool JWST Planet Hosts Using AutoSpecFit: An Application to the Sub-Neptune K2-18b’s Host M Dwarf Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Neda Hejazi, Ian J. M. Crossfield, Diogo Souto, Jonathan Brande, Thomas Nordlander, Emilio Marfil, Katia Cunha, David R. Coria, Zachary G. Maas, Alex S. Polanski, Natalie R. Hinkel and Joseph E. Hand
We present an in-depth, high-resolution spectroscopic analysis of the M dwarf K2-18, which hosts a sub-Neptune exoplanet in its habitable zone. We show our technique to accurately normalize the observed spectrum, which is crucial for a proper spectral fitting. We also introduce a new automatic, line-by-line, model-fitting code, AutoSpecFit, which performs an iterative χ2 minimization process to measure
-
Different Influence of Gas Accretion on the Evolution of Star-forming and Non-star-forming Galaxies Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Min Bao, Wenlong Zhao and Qirong Yuan
Using integral field spectroscopic data from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory survey, we investigate the spatially resolved properties and empirical relations of a star-forming galaxy and a non-star-forming galaxy hosting counterrotating stellar disks (CRDs). The DESI g, r, z color images reveal no evidence of merger remnants in either galaxy, suggesting that gas accretion fuels
-
Behavior of the Position and Ellipticity Angles at Polarization Mode Transitions in Pulsar Radio Emission Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 M. M. McKinnon
Polarization observations of radio pulsars show that abrupt transitions in the polarization vector’s position angle can be accompanied by large excursions in the vector’s ellipticity angle, suggesting the vector passes near the right or left circular pole of the Poincaré sphere. The behavior of the angles can be explained by a transition in dominance of the orthogonal polarization modes or a vector
-
Turbulent Diffuse Molecular Media with Nonideal Magnetohydrodynamics and Consistent Thermochemistry: Numerical Simulations and Dynamic Characteristics Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Nannan Yue, Lile Wang, Thomas Bisbas, Donghui Quan and Di Li
Turbulent diffuse molecular clouds can exhibit complicated morphologies caused by the interactions among radiation, chemistry, fluids, and fields. We performed full 3D simulations for turbulent diffuse molecular interstellar media, featuring time-dependent nonequilibrium thermochemistry coevolved with magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). Simulation results exhibit the relative abundances of key chemical species
-
Quantifying the High Early Solar Cosmic-Ray Flux with Cosmogenic Neon Isotopes in Refractory Minerals Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Xin Yang, Fred J. Ciesla and Philipp R. Heck
An enhancement in the activity of the early young Sun resulting in a high charged particle flux has been invoked to explain excesses in spallation-induced nuclides in primitive planetary materials. Astronomical observations of energetic outbursts of young stellar objects (YSOs) also support the idea of an active young Sun. However, the early solar cosmic-ray (SCR) flux has not been well constrained
-
The Kraft Break Sharply Divides Low-mass and Intermediate-mass Stars Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Alexa C. Beyer and Russel J. White
Main-sequence stars transition at mid-F spectral types from slowly rotating (cooler stars) to rapidly rotating (hotter stars), a transition known as the Kraft Break and attributed to the disappearance of the outer convective envelope, causing magnetic braking to become ineffective. To define this Break more precisely, we assembled spectroscopic measurements of 405 F stars within 33.33 pc. Once young
-
Birds of a Feather: Resolving Stellar Mass Assembly with JWST/NIRCam in a Pair of Kindred z ∼ 2 Dusty Star-forming Galaxies Lensed by the PLCK G165.7+67.0 Cluster Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Patrick S. Kamieneski, Brenda L. Frye, Rogier A. Windhorst, Kevin C. Harrington, Min S. Yun, Allison Noble, Massimo Pascale, Nicholas Foo, Seth H. Cohen, Rolf A. Jansen, Timothy Carleton, Anton M. Koekemoer, Christopher N. A. Willmer, Jake S. Summers, Nikhil Garuda, Reagen Leimbach, Benne W. Holwerda, Justin D. R. Pierel, Eric F. Jiménez-Andrade, S. P. Willner, Belén Alcalde Pampliega, Amit Vishwas
We present a new parametric lens model for the G165.7+67.0 galaxy cluster, which was discovered with Planck through its bright submillimeter flux, originating from a pair of extraordinary dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) at z ≈ 2.2. Using JWST and interferometric mm/radio observations, we characterize the intrinsic physical properties of the DSFGs, which are separated by only ∼1″ (8 kpc) and a velocity
-
Turbulence, Waves, and Taylor’s Hypothesis for Heliosheath Observations Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 L.-L. Zhao, G. P. Zank, M. Opher, B. Zieger, H. Li, V. Florinski, L. Adhikari, X. Zhu and M. Nakanotani
Magnetic field fluctuations measured in the heliosheath by the Voyager spacecraft are often characterized as compressible, as indicated by a strong fluctuating component parallel to the mean magnetic field. However, the interpretation of the turbulence data faces the caveat that the standard Taylor’s hypothesis is invalid because the solar wind flow velocity in the heliosheath becomes subsonic and
-
Suppressed Cosmic-Ray Energy Densities in Molecular Clouds from Streaming Instability-regulated Transport Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Margot Fitz Axen, Stella Offner, Philip F. Hopkins, Mark R. Krumholz and Michael Y. Grudić
Cosmic rays (CRs) are the primary driver of ionization in star-forming molecular clouds (MCs). Despite their potential impacts on gas dynamics and chemistry, no simulations of star cluster formation following the creation of individual stars have included explicit cosmic-ray transport (CRT) to date. We conduct the first numerical simulations following the collapse of a 2000M⊙ MC and the subsequent
-
Unveiling the Distant Universe: Characterizing z ≥ 9 Galaxies in the First Epoch of COSMOS-Web Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Maximilien Franco, Hollis B. Akins, Caitlin M. Casey, Steven L. Finkelstein, Marko Shuntov, Katherine Chworowsky, Andreas L. Faisst, Seiji Fujimoto, Olivier Ilbert, Anton M. Koekemoer, Daizhong Liu, Christopher C. Lovell, Claudia Maraston, Henry Joy McCracken, Jed McKinney, Brant E. Robertson, Micaela B. Bagley, Jaclyn B. Champagne, Olivia R. Cooper, Xuheng Ding, Nicole E. Drakos, Andrea Enia, Steven
We report the identification of 15 galaxy candidates at z ≥ 9 using the initial COSMOS-Web JWST observations over 77 arcmin2 through four Near Infrared Camera filters (F115W, F150W, F277W, and F444W) with an overlap with the Mid-Infrared Imager (F770W) of 8.7 arcmin2. We fit the sample using several publicly available spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting and photometric redshift codes and determine
-
Intrapulse Spectral Evolution in Photospheric Gamma-Ray Bursts Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Filip Alamaa
Photons that decouple from a relativistic jet do so over a range of radii, leading to a spreading in arrival times at the observer. Therefore, changes to the comoving photon distribution across the decoupling zone are encoded in the emitted signal. In this paper, we study such spectral evolution occurring across a pulse. We track the radiation from the deep subphotospheric regions all the way to the
-
The Onset of Magnetic Reconnection in Dynamically Evolving Coronal Current Sheets Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 James E. Leake, Lars K. S. Daldorff and James A. Klimchuk
We present the first results of three-dimensional (3D) numerical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of the onset of magnetic reconnection via the tearing instability in dynamically thinning current sheets in the solar corona. In all our simulations, the onset of the nonlinear tearing instability, which leads to the breakup of the thinning current sheet, does not occur until after the instability
-
Estimated Heating Rates Due to Cyclotron Damping of Ion-scale Waves Observed by the Parker Solar Probe Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Niranjana Shankarappa, Kristopher G. Klein, Mihailo M. Martinović and Trevor A. Bowen
Circularly polarized waves consistent with parallel-propagating ion cyclotron waves (ICWs) and fast magnetosonic waves (FMWs) are often observed by the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) at ion kinetic scales. Such waves damp energy via cyclotron resonance, and cyclotron damping is expected to play a significant role in the enhanced, anisotropic heating of the solar wind observed in the inner heliosphere. We
-
Unveiling Frequency-dependent Eclipsing in Spider Millisecond Pulsars Using Broadband Polarization Observations with the Parkes Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Sangita Kumari, Bhaswati Bhattacharyya, Rahul Sharan, Simon Johnston, Patrick Weltevrede, Benjamin Stappers, Devojyoti Kansabanik, Jayanta Roy and Ankita Ghosh
This study presents an orbital-phase-dependent analysis of three black widow spider millisecond pulsars (BW MSPs), aiming to investigate the magnetic field within the eclipse environment. The ultrawide-bandwidth low-frequency receiver of the Parkes Murriyang radio telescope is utilized for full polarization observations covering frequencies from 704−4032 MHz. Depolarization of pulsed emission is observed
-
Analytical and Numerical Analysis of Circumbinary Disk Dynamics. I. Coplanar Systems Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Siddharth Mahesh, Sean T. McWilliams and Michal Pirog
We present an analytical and numerical study of a system composed of a stellar binary pair and a massless, locally isothermal viscous accretion disk that is coplanar to the binary orbital plane. Analytically, we study the effect of the binary’s gravitational potential over short timescales through the stability of epicyclic orbits, and over long timescales by revisiting the concept of resonant torques
-
Revisiting a Chemical Route to the Formation of CN− in the Interstellar Medium Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Pablo del Mazo-Sevillano, Manuel Lara, E. Yurtsever, Mauro Satta, R. Wester and F. A. Gianturco
We discuss the HCN + H− reaction as a path to the formation of CN−, the smallest cyanopolyyne anion observed in several interstellar environments. We first obtain the new ab initio reactive potential energy surface using a full 5D representation, where only the C–N bond is kept fixed, and discuss the neural network procedure employed to yield an accurate fit for the dynamics. The reaction is then investigated
-
Flat Spectra of Energetic Particles in Interplanetary Shock Precursors Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Mikhail Malkov, Joe Giacalone and Fan Guo
The observed energy spectra of accelerated particles at interplanetary shocks often do not match the diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) theory predictions. In some cases, the particle flux forms a plateau over a wide range of energies, extending upstream of the shock for up to seven flux e-folds before submerging into the background spectrum. Remarkably, at and downstream of the shock we have studied
-
FEASTS Combined with Interferometry. II. Significantly Changed H i Surface Densities and Even More Inefficient Star Formation in Galaxy Outer Disks Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Jing Wang, 菁 王, Xuchen Lin, 旭辰 林, Lister Staveley-Smith, Dong Yang, 冬 杨, Fabian Walter, Zezhong Liang, 泽众 梁, Yong Shi, 勇 施, Jian Fu, 坚 富, Hong Guo, 宏 郭, Luis C. Ho, 子山 何, Shu-ichiro Inutsuka, Fangzhou Jiang, 方周 姜, Peng Jiang, 鹏 姜, Zhijie Qu, 稚杰 屈, Li Shao and 立 邵
We update the H i surface density measurements for a subset of 17 THINGS galaxies by dealing with the short-spacing problem of the original Very Large Array (VLA) H i images. It is the same sample that Bigiel et al. used to study the relation between H i surface densities and star formation (SF) rate surface densities in galaxy outer disks, which are beyond the optical radius r25. For 10 galaxies,
-
Characterization of Supernovae Interacting with Dense Circumstellar Matter with a Flat Density Profile Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Ryotaro Chiba and Takashi J. Moriya
Interaction between supernova (SN) ejecta and dense circumstellar medium (CSM) with a flat density structure (ρ ∝ r−s, s < 1.5) was recently proposed as a possible mechanism behind interacting SNe that exhibit exceptionally long rise times exceeding 100 days. In such a configuration, the interaction luminosity keeps rising until the reverse shock propagates into the inner layers of the SN ejecta. We
-
Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Micrometeoroid Bombardment for Space Weathering of Asteroid (162173) Ryugu Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Daigo Shoji
Remote sensing observations by Hayabusa2 and laboratory measurements have revealed that the phyllosilicates on asteroid (162173) Ryugu are dehydrated/dehydroxylated due to space weathering. Reactive molecular dynamics simulations were performed to evaluate the magnitude of the dehydroxylation of Mg-rich serpentine by micrometeoroid impacts. When micrometeoroids were not coupled with interplanetary
-
Red Type-1 Quasars after Cosmic Noon and Impact on L UV-related Quasar Statistics Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 Yongjung Kim, Dohyeong Kim, Myungshin Im and Minjin Kim
Over the past decades, nearly a million quasars have been explored to shed light on the evolution of supermassive black holes and galaxies. The ultraviolet-to-optical spectra of type-1 quasars particularly offer insights into their black hole activities. Recent findings, however, raise questions about the prevalence of red type-1 quasars of which colors might be due to dust obscuration and their potential
-
Testing the ΛCDM Cosmological Model with Forthcoming Measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background with SPT-3G Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 K. Prabhu, S. Raghunathan, M. Millea, G. P. Lynch, P. A. R. Ade, E. Anderes, A. J. Anderson, B. Ansarinejad, M. Archipley, L. Balkenhol, K. Benabed, A. N. Bender, B. A. Benson, F. Bianchini, L. E. Bleem, F. R. Bouchet, L. Bryant, E. Camphuis, J. E. Carlstrom, T. W. Cecil, C. L. Chang, P. Chaubal, P. M. Chichura, A. Chokshi, T.-L. Chou, A. Coerver, T. M. Crawford, A. Cukierman, C. Daley, T. de Haan
We forecast constraints on cosmological parameters enabled by three surveys conducted with SPT-3G, the third-generation camera on the South Pole Telescope. The surveys cover separate regions of 1500, 2650, and 6000 deg2 to different depths, in total observing 25% of the sky. These regions will be measured to white noise levels of roughly 2.5, 9, and -armin, respectively, in cosmic microwave background
-
Rotation of Polarization Angle in Gamma-Ray Burst Prompt Phase. II. The Influence of the Parameters Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 Jia-Sheng Li, Hao-Bing Wang and Mi-Xiang Lan
In addition to the light curve and energy spectrum, polarization is also important for inferring the physical properties of the gamma-ray burst (GRB). Rotation of the polarization angle (PA) with time will cause depolarization of the time-integrated polarization degree. However, it has rarely been studied before. Here, we use a magnetic reconnection model with a large-scale ordered aligned magnetic
-
Revisiting Physical Parameters of the Benchmark Brown Dwarf LHS 6343 C through a Hubble Space Telescope/WFC3 Secondary-eclipse Observation Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-09 William Frost, Loïc Albert, René Doyon, Jonathan Gagné, Benjamin T. Montet, Clémence Fontanive, Étienne Artigau, John Asher Johnson, Billy Edwards and Björn Benneke
The LHS 6343 system consists of a resolved M-dwarf binary with an evolved, negligibly irradiated brown dwarf (BD), LHS 6343 C, orbiting the primary star. Such BD eclipsing binaries present rare and unique opportunities to calibrate substellar evolutionary and atmosphere models since mass, radius, temperature, and luminosity can be directly measured. We update this BD’s mass (62.6 ± 2.2 MJup) and radius
-
Timing of Millisecond Pulsars in NGC 6752. III. On the Presence of Nonluminous Matter in the Cluster’s Core Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-09 A. Corongiu, A. Ridolfi, F. Abbate, M. Bailes, A. Possenti, M. Geyer, R. N. Manchester, M. Kramer, P. C. C. Freire, M. Burgay, S. Buchner and F. Camilo
Millisecond pulsars are subject to accelerations in globular clusters (GCs) that manifest themselves in both the first and second spin period time derivatives, and can be used to explore the mass distribution of the potentials they inhabit. Here we report on over 20 yr of pulsar timing observations of five millisecond radio pulsars in the core of the core-collapse GC NGC 6752 with the Parkes (Murriyang)
-
Characterizing Solar Center-to-limb Radial-velocity Variability with SDO Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 Michael L. Palumbo III, Steven H. Saar and Raphaëlle D. Haywood
Stellar photospheric inhomogeneities are a significant source of noise, which currently precludes the discovery of Earth-mass planets orbiting Sun-like stars with the radial-velocity (RV) method. To complement several previous studies that have used ground- and spaced-based facilities to characterize the RV of the Sun, here we characterize the center-to-limb variability (CLV) of solar RVs arising from
-
Optical Variability Properties of Southern TESS Blazars Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 Ryne Dingler and Krista Lynne Smith
We present a study of high-cadence, high-precision optical light curves from the TESS satellite of 67 blazars in the southern sky. We provide descriptive flux statistics, power spectral density (PSD) model parameters, and characteristic variability timescales. We find that only 15 BL Lacertae objects (BLLs) and 18 flat spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) from the initial 26 and 41, respectively, exhibit
-
Multiwavelength Observations for a Double-decker Filament Channel in AR 13102 Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 Yin Zhang, Baolin Tan, Quan Wang, Jing Huang, Zhe Xu, Kanfan Ji, Xiao Yang, Jie Chen, Xianyong Bai, Zhenyong Hou and Yuanyong Deng
We present the observational evidence of the existence of a double-decker filament channel (FC) by using observations in extreme ultraviolet and Hα wavelengths. For both FCs, the east foot-point roots in the active region (AR), while the west one roots in the remote quiet region. The bottom FC (FC1) appears as intermittent filaments. Within the AR, the FC1 appears as an S-shaped filament (F1), which
-
JWST NIRSpec Spectroscopy of the Triply Lensed z = 10.17 Galaxy MACS0647–JD Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 Tiger Yu-Yang Hsiao, Abdurro’uf, Dan Coe, Rebecca L. Larson, Intae Jung, Matilde Mingozzi, Pratika Dayal, Nimisha Kumari, Vasily Kokorev, Anton Vikaeus, Gabriel Brammer, Lukas J. Furtak, Angela Adamo, Felipe Andrade-Santos, Jacqueline Antwi-Danso, Maruša Bradač, Larry D. Bradley, Tom Broadhurst, Adam C. Carnall, Christopher J. Conselice, Jose M. Diego, Megan Donahue, Jan J. Eldridge, Seiji Fujimoto
We present JWST/NIRSpec prism spectroscopy of MACS0647−JD, a triply lensed z ∼ 11 candidate discovered in Hubble Space Telescope imaging and spatially resolved by JWST imaging into two components, A and B. Spectroscopy of component A yields a spectroscopic redshift z = 10.17 based on seven detected emission lines: C iii] λλ1907, 1909, [O ii] λ3727, [Ne iii] λ3869, [Ne iii] λ3968, Hδλ4101, Hγλ4340,
-
UVIT Survey of the Host Galaxies of Active Galactic Nuclei. I. Star Formation Scenarios Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 Payel Nandi, C. S. Stalin, Poulomi Dam and D. J. Saikia
Circumnuclear star formation (SF) is generally seen in galaxies hosting active galactic nuclei (AGN); however, the connection between the AGN activity and SF in them is less well understood. To explore this connection on scales of a few tens of parsecs to a few tens of kiloparsecs and larger, we carried out an investigation of SF in seven Seyfert-type AGN and one low-ionization nuclear emission-line
-
Kappa-tail Technique: Modeling and Application to Solar Energetic Particles Observed by Parker Solar Probe Astrophys. J. (IF 4.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 G. Livadiotis, A. T. Cummings, M. E. Cuesta, R. Bandyopadhyay, H. A. Farooki, L. Y. Khoo, D. J. McComas, J. S. Rankin, T. Sharma, M. M. Shen, C. M. S. Cohen, G. D. Muro and Z. Xu
We develop the kappa-tail fitting technique, which analyzes observations of power-law tails of distributions and energy flux spectra, and connects them to theoretical modeling of kappa distributions, to determine the thermodynamics of the examined space plasma. In particular, we (i) construct the associated mathematical formulation; (ii) prove its decisive lead for determining whether the observed