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The development of morphological awareness and vocabulary: What influences what? Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-24 Germán Grande, Vassiliki Diamanti, Athanassios Protopapas, Monica Melby-Lervåg, Arne Lervåg
The awareness of words’ morphological structure has been thought to allow generalizing meaning to other, similarly constructed words. Conversely, a large vocabulary is thought to facilitate the recognition of words’ morphological regularities, thereby contributing to morphological awareness. For this reason, morphological awareness and vocabulary have been suggested to be reciprocally associated across
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Word learning in the wild: App-based evidence for valence and concreteness effects Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-24 Heather Ann Wild, Victor Kuperman
Second language (L2) learners need to acquire large vocabularies to approach native-like proficiency. Many controlled experiments have investigated the factors facilitating and hindering word learning; however, few studies have validated these findings in real-world learning scenarios. We use data from the language learning app Lingvist to explore how L2 word learning is affected by valence (positivity/negativity)
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Pragmatic competence and pragmatic tolerance in foreign language acquisition—revisiting the case of scalar implicatures Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Johannes Schulz, Elizabeth Wonnacott
Previous L2 studies used binary Truth-Value-Judgment (TVJ) tasks to investigate L1–L2 differences in scalar implicature derivation (some X implicates some but not all X). They examined participants’ judgments of sentences with weak scalar expressions (“Timothy ate some of the pretzels”) when stronger ones are true (“Timothy ate all of the pretzels”). Some studies indicate adult L2 learners are less
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A database of ambiguous Chinese characters with measures for meaning dominance and meaning balance Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Huilin Chen, Xu Xu, Haiquan Li, Xinyue Yu, Ruting Pan, Zhaoyang Zhang
Chinese characters hold great potential to help inform and enrich psycholinguistic research on lexical ambiguity as a large portion of them are ambiguous in nature with meaning varying from context to context. This report presents a psycholinguistic database that contains over 2000 characters with normative measures for meaning dominance and meaning balance, that is, the relative frequency of each
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Linear and nonlinear processing of Hebrew templatic words: the role of metalinguistic awareness Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Yael Laure, Sharon Armon-Lotem
While universal linguistic theories advocate linear processing of words across languages, psycholinguistic research of Semitic templatic words supports the nonlinear processing into the root and template, mainly due to semantic specifications related to the root and the morphological awareness needed in the tasks. The present study examined whether the root and template affect the word processing of
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The embodiment of power as upward/downward movement in Chinese-English bilinguals Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-20 Huilan Yang, Jeffrey Nick Reid
Using an action compatibility task, we investigated whether POWER is embodied in terms of upward and downward movement in two languages (first and dominant language: Chinese; second language: English). Chinese-English bilinguals were asked to quickly and accurately categorize power-related words (e.g., “boss,” “intern”) as “powerful” or “powerless.” The response to indicate that the word was “powerful”
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The Basque version of the CDI-words and gestures, extended up to age 2 Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-20 Iñaki Garcia, Maria-José Ezeizabarrena, Aroa Murciano
The Basque version of the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory (BCDI-1) can be used to evaluate 8–15-month-old children’s receptive and expressive verbal skills, as well as nonverbal gesture production. This paper reports on data of 1002 children of an extended age range obtained with the BCDI-1 as a proxy measure of Basque children’s communicative competence up to 24 months. Statistical
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Does perceptual high variability phonetic training improve L2 speech production? A meta-analysis of perception-production connection Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Takumi Uchihara, Michael Karas, Ron I. Thomson
This meta-analysis of 31 studies aimed to determine the effectiveness of perception-based high variability phonetic training (HVPT) for second language (L2) production learning and to identify learner-related and methodological variables that influence production gains. Based on independent effect sizes for 43 within-participant and 17 between-participant designs, small-to-medium effects of post-training
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You might want to tone down your advice: An experimental investigation of the speech act of advice in French Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-27 Emma Corbeau, Gabriel Thiberge
We present experimental results from a web-based study on the speech act of giving advice in French. 86 L1 speakers of French had to continue short and written fictitious interactions we created, in which we manipulated the adviser’s level of experience (explicitly experienced, explicitly inexperienced, or no precision) and the hierarchical relationship between adviser and advisee (top-down, bottom-up
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The psycholinguistics of shining-through effects in translation: cross-linguistic structural priming or serial lexical co-activation? Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-16 Gunnar Jacob, Moritz Jonas Schaeffer, Katharina Oster, Silvia Hansen-Schirra
The manuscript explores the psycholinguistic processes responsible for cross-linguistic influence in translation. In two experimental studies with professional translators-in-training, we investigate the psycholinguistic foundations of shining-through effects in translated texts, i.e., cases where the grammatical structure of a source sentence leaves traces in the translated sentence. Experiment 1
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Language anxiety does not affect the growth of L2 reading achievement: The latent growth curve model approach Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Richard L. Sparks, Abdullah Alamer
Second language (L2) anxiety has been proposed to play a causal role in L2 achievement. However, most studies have failed to acknowledge confounding variables that may be relevant to the study of anxiety and L2 achievement or to investigate the causal effect of L2 anxiety using longitudinal data. For these reasons, we investigated the effect of L1 reading achievement, L2 aptitude, and L2 anxiety as
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Shared representations in cognate comprehension and production: An online picture naming and lexical decision study with bilingual children Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Elly Koutamanis, Gerrit Jan Kootstra, Ton Dijkstra, Sharon Unsworth
The cognate facilitation effect, a classic example of cross-language interaction in the bilingual lexicon, has mostly been studied in adults. We examined the extent to which such effects occurred in simultaneous bilingual children’s word processing, to what extent these were modulated by language dominance, and to what extent this differed between comprehension and production tasks. Simultaneous bilingual
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What contributes to fluent L2 speech? Examining cognitive and utterance fluency link with underlying L2 collocational processing speed and accuracy Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Kotaro Takizawa
Second language (L2) fluency research has suggested that a range of linguistic knowledge and processing speed serve as cognitive fluency (CF) underlying L2 utterance fluency (UF). Building on prior CF-UF link studies, this study explored L2 collocational processing speed and accuracy as underlying CF measures. This study also explored the phrasal frequency effect on the relationship between collocational
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The role of linguistic factors in the retention of verbatim information in reading: An eye-tracking study on L1 and L2 German Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Andreas Opitz, Denisa Bordag, Alberto Furgoni
We investigated the retention of surface linguistic information during reading using eye-tracking. Departing from a research tradition that examines differences between meaning retention and verbatim memory, we focused on how different linguistic factors affect the retention of surface linguistic information. We examined three grammatical alternations in German that differed in involvement of changes
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On the learning trajectory of directional biases in reading: Evidence from the flankers task Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Christophe Cauchi, Jonathan Grainger, Bernard Lété
Prior research with adult participants reported a rightward bias in the reading version of the flankers task. Here, we investigated how this bias evolves as a function of reading expertise. We tested two groups of French primary school children from Cycle 2 (grades 1 and 2) and Cycle 3 (grades 4 and 5) and one group of adult participants. In the related flanker conditions, the central target word was
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Investigating the Uniform Information Density hypothesis with complex nominal compounds Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 John C. B. Gamboa, Leigh B. Fernandez, Shanley E. M. Allen
The Uniform Information Density (UID) hypothesis proposes that speakers communicate by transmitting information close to a constant rate. When choosing between two syntactic variants, it claims that speakers prefer the variant distributing information most evenly, avoiding signal peaks and troughs. If speakers prefer transmitting information uniformly, then comprehenders should also prefer a uniform
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Audio-visual Stroop matching task with first- and second-language color words and color associates Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Iva Šaban, James R. Schmidt
In the audio-visual Stroop matching task, participants compare one Stroop stimulus dimension (e.g., the color of a written word) to a second stimulus (e.g., a spoken word) and indicate whether these two stimuli match or mismatch. Slower responses on certain trials can be due to conflict which occurs between color representations (semantic conflict) or due to conflict between responses evoked by task
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Bilingual oral language development among dual language immersion students: Use of a Bayesian approach with language learning progressions Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Ève Ryan, Preston Botter, Michelle L. Luna, Alison L. Bailey, Clémence Darriet
The dual language development of dual language immersion (DLI) students, although often examined at the domain level (e.g., listening or reading), remains understudied for more specific skills (e.g., word, sentence, or discourse). This study examines the eleven-month progression of oral language skills in a picture description task in two languages (French and English) for early-elementary (Transitional
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How well do schoolchildren and adolescents know the form and meaning of different derivational suffixes? Evidence from a cross-sectional study Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Dalia Martinez, Danielle Colenbrander, Tomohiro Inoue, George K. Georgiou
As children advance through school, derived words become increasingly common in their reading materials. Previous studies have shown that children’s knowledge of derivational morphology develops relatively slowly, but there is more to learn about this development. This study examined differences in knowledge of the form and meaning of suffixes across grade levels (Grades 3, 5, and 8) and different
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Effects of speech production training on memory across short and long delays in 5- and 6-year-olds: A pre-registered study Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Belén López Assef, Margarethe McDonald, Amélie Bernard, Tania S. Zamuner
Studies on the role of speech production on learning have found a memory benefit from production labeled the “Production Effect.” While research with adults has generally shown a robust memory advantage for produced words, children show more mixed results, and the advantage is affected by age, cognitive, and linguistic factors. With adults, the Production Effect is not restricted to the immediate context
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Phonology, homophony, and eyes-closed rest in Mandarin novel word learning: An eye-tracking study in adult native and non-native speakers Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Wenfu Bao, Anja Arnhold, Juhani Järvikivi
This study used the visual world paradigm to investigate novel word learning in adults from different language backgrounds and the effects of phonology, homophony, and rest on the outcome. We created Mandarin novel words varied by types of phonological contrasts and homophone status. During the experiment, native (n = 34) and non-native speakers (English; n = 30) learned pairs of novel words and were
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The development of postverbal subjects in L2 Italian: A multifactorial corpus analysis Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Andrea Listanti, Jacopo Torregrossa
Most studies on the acquisition of postverbal subjects (VS) in L2 Italian focus on a limited number of linguistic factors that tend to be associated with the production of VS in L1 (e.g., verb class and subject discourse status). Moreover, they analyze homogeneous groups of learners in terms of proficiency, mostly through controlled experiments. In this paper, we present a cross-sectional corpus study
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Affective and sensory–motor norms for idioms by L1 and L2 English speakers Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Mahsa Morid, Laura Sabourin
In the present study, we developed affective (valence and arousal) and sensory–motor (concreteness and imageability) norms for 210 English idioms rated by native English speakers (L1) and English second-language speakers (L2). Based on internal consistency analyses, the ratings were found to be highly reliable. Furthermore, we explored various relations within the collected measures (valence, arousal
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Examining the glottal stop as a mark of gender-inclusive language in German Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Anita Körner, Sarah Glim, Ralf Rummer
Grammatical gender form influences readers’ mental gender representations. Previous research demonstrates that the generic masculine form leads to male-biased representations, while some alternative forms lead to female-biased representations. The present research examines the recently introduced glottal stop form in spoken language in German, where a glottal stop (similar to a short pause), meant
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The effect of verb surprisal on the acquisition of second language syntactic structures in adults: An artificial language learning study Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-21 Giulia Bovolenta, Emma Marsden
Inverse probability adaptation effects (the finding that encountering a verb in an unexpected structure increases long-term priming for that structure) have been observed in both L1 and L2 speakers. However, participants in these studies all had established representations of the syntactic structures to be primed. It therefore remains an open question whether inverse probability adaptation effects
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Subject-verb dependency formation and semantic interference in native and non-native language comprehension Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Hiroki Fujita, Ian Cunnings
Differences between native (L1) and non-native (L2) comprehension have been debated. This study explores whether a source of potential L1/L2 differences lies in susceptibility to memory-based interference during dependency formation. Interference effects are known to occur in sentences like The key to the cabinets were rusty, where ungrammaticality results from a number mismatch between the sentence
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Task-dependent consequences of disfluency in perception of native and non-native speech Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-13 Zachary Houghton, Misaki Kato, Melissa Baese-Berk, Charlotte Vaughn
Silent pauses are a natural part of speech production and have consequences for speech perception. However, studies have shown mixed results regarding whether listeners process pauses in native and non-native speech similarly or differently. A possible explanation for these mixed results is that perceptual consequences of pauses differ depending on the type of processing that listeners engage in: a
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The comprehension of passives in Mandarin children with and without DLD: from the perspective of Edge Feature Underspecification Hypothesis Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-12 Jiao Du, Xiaowei He, Haopeng Yu
This paper investigates the comprehension of long and short passives in 15 Mandarin preschool children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) (aged 4;2–5;11 years), 15 Typically Developing Age-matched (TDA) (aged 4;3–5;8 years) children, and 15 Typically Developing Younger (TDY) (aged 3;2–4;3 years) children by using the picture-sentence matching task. The results reveal that children with DLD
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Lexical processing in children with hearing impairment in oral word reading in transparent Arabic orthography Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-05 Mirna Mattar, Carole El Akiki, Jacqueline Leybaert
Word recognition mechanisms constitute an essential contribution to reading achievement in both deaf and hearing children. Little is known about how children with hearing impairment (HI) manage to read aloud words in the vowelled Arabic transparent script which provides full vowel information. This study aimed to compare word and pseudoword reading accuracy and speed between 32 Lebanese children with
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Statistical learning of phonotactics by children can be affected by another statistical learning task Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Peter T. Richtsmeier, Lisa Goffman
Children typically produce high-frequency phonotactic sequences, such as the /st/ in “toaster,” more accurately than the lower frequency /mk/ in “tomcat.” This high-frequency advantage can be simulated experimentally with a statistical learning paradigm, and when 4-year-old children are familiarized with many examples of a sequence like /mk/, they generally produce it more accurately than if they are
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What a thousand children tell us about grammatical complexity and working memory: A cross-sectional analysis on the comprehension of clitics and passives in Italian Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-24 Vincenzo Moscati, Andrea Marini, Nicoletta Biondo
Data from 996 Italian-speaking children were collected and analyzed to assess whether a movement-based notion of grammatical complexity is adequate to capture the developmental trend of clitics and passives in Italian. A second goal of the study was to address the relationship between working memory and syntactic development, exploring the hypothesis that higher digit span values predict better comprehension
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Quantifying the uniqueness and efficiency of the MLAT relative to L1 attainment as a predictor of L2 achievement: A conceptual replication Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-16 Richard L. Sparks, Philip S. Dale
In this conceptual replication of Sparks and Dale ([2023]. The prediction from MLAT to L2 achievement is largely due to MLAT asessment of underlying L1 abilities. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 1–25) utilizing a dataset previously reported by Sparks et al. ([2009]. Long-term relationships among early L1 skills, L2 aptitude, L2 affect, and later L2 proficiency. Applied Psycholinguistics, 30
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Contrasting the semantic typology biases of Deaf and hearing nonsigners in their conceptualization of time and space Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-31 María Noel Macedo, Matías Yerro, Jorge Vivas, Mauricio Castillo, Maximiliano Meliande, Adriana de León, Alejandro Fojo, Roberto Aguirre
The mental lexicon offers a window into the configuration of conceptual domains such as space and time, which has been labeled as concrete the former and abstract the latter in the current embodiment approach to cognition. Space has a phonological and semantic value in sign languages, but not in spoken languages. Additionally, the representation of time by spatial means is robust in oral and sign languages
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Flattening the curve: COVID-19 induced a decrease in arousal for positive and an increase in arousal for negative words Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-19 Milica Popović Stijačić, Ksenija Mišić, Dušica Filipović Đurđević
In this study, we compared affective ratings of emotional valence and arousal for 882 Serbian words at three points in time: before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic (2018), during the COVID-19 lockdown (2020), and after the government measures were abandoned (2022). We did not observe a significant change in average valence or arousal ratings across time points. A more detailed look into the data
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The interplay between syntactic and morphological comprehension in heritage contexts: The case of relative clauses in heritage Syrian Arabic Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-16 Evangelia Daskalaki, Adriana Soto-Corominas, Aisha Barisé, Johanne Paradis, Xi Chen, Alexandra Gottardo
Previous studies show that even though monolingual children find subject relatives easier than object relatives, their comprehension of object relatives can be facilitated by morphological cues. Given that in heritage contexts functional morphology is a vulnerable domain, a question that needs to be addressed is whether bilingual children, who are heritage speakers of their L1, will also be able to
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Perceptual salience and structural ambiguity resolution Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-16 Jeffrey Witzel, Naoko Witzel
This study investigates whether the perceptual salience of grammatical morphemes influences the online processing of temporarily ambiguous sentences during adult first-language (L1) comprehension. In a bidirectional self-paced reading task, adult L1 English participants (N = 44) read sentences with time adjuncts that were in a structural position in which they could attach either to the most recent
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The contribution of affective content to cue-response correspondence in a word association task: Focus on emotion words and emotion-laden words Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-10 Ángel-Armando Betancourt, Marc Guasch, Pilar Ferré
This study aimed at examining the contribution of affective content to the organization of words in the lexicon. Based on existing free association norms and on a series of questionnaires we developed, we examined the characteristics of the words produced as associates to 840 Spanish cue words. Half of them were affective words and the other half were neutral (non-affective) words. Among the affective
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Cross-linguistic influence, limited input, or working-memory limitations: The morphosyntax of agreement and concord in Heritage Russian Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-05 Tatiana Verkhovtceva, Maria Polinsky, Natalia Meir
This study investigated the morphosyntax of adjectival concord in case and number and subject-verb person agreement by monolingual and bilingual speakers of Russian. The main focus of the study is on the potential factors that may trigger divergence between Heritage Language (HL) speakers and those speakers who are dominant in that language, be they monolingual or bilingual. We considered the effects
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The impact of lexical specificity training on at-risk emergent bilinguals Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 Miao Li, Catherine E. Snow, Lauren Ely, Jan C. Frijters, Esther Geva, Becky Xi Chen
Emergent bilinguals (EBs) who are exposed to societal language at school but use another language at home may experience difficulties in mastering the societal language, especially those at risk for language and reading disabilities. Learning phonologically specific new words that discriminate between phonemes may foster phonological awareness and word reading. This study examined the effectiveness
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Using intonation to disambiguate meaning: The role of empathy and proficiency in L2 perceptual development Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-08-17 Joseph V. Casillas, Juan José Garrido-Pozú, Kyle Parrish, Laura Fernández Arroyo, Nicole Rodríguez, Robert Esposito, Isabelle Chang, Kimberly Gómez, Gabriela Constantin-Dureci, Jiawei Shao, Iván Andreu Rascón, Katherine Taveras
The present study investigates the interplay between proficiency and empathy in the development of second language (L2) prosody by analyzing the perception and processing of intonation in questions and statements in L2 Spanish. A total of 225 adult L2 Spanish learners (L1 English) from the Northeastern United States completed a two-alternative forced choice (2AFC) task in which they listened to four
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Second language speech comprehensibility and acceptability in academic settings: Listener perceptions and speech stream influences Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-08-11 Dustin Crowther, Daniel R. Isbell, Hitoshi Nishizawa
Ideally, comprehensible second language (L2) speech would be seen as acceptable speech. However, the association between these dimensions is underexplored. To investigate the relationship between comprehensibility and “academic acceptability,” defined here as how well a speaker could meet the demands of a given role in an academic setting, 204 university stakeholders judged L2 speech samples elicited
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Performance pay and non-native language comprehension: Can we learn to understand better when we’re paid to listen? Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-08-09 Chasen Afghani, Melissa M. Baese-Berk, Glen R. Waddell
Non-native speech is difficult for native listeners to understand. While listeners can learn to understand non-native speech after exposure, it is unclear how to optimize this learning. Experimental subjects transcribed non-native speech and were paid either a flat rate or based on their performance. Participants who were paid based on performance demonstrated improved performance overall and faster
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The choice of musical instrument matters: Effect of pitched but not unpitched musicianship on tone identification and word learning Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-08-04 William Choi, Cheuk Yiu To, Runqing Cheng
The present study investigated the differential effects of pitched and unpitched musicianship on tone identification and word learning. We recruited 44 Cantonese-pitched musicians, unpitched musicians, and non-musicians. They completed a Thai tone identification task and seven sessions of Thai tone word learning. In the tone identification task, the pitched musicians outperformed the non-musicians
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Presuppositions are more persuasive than assertions if addressees accommodate them: Experimental evidence for philosophical reasoning Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-06-20 Dieter Thoma, Kira Becker, Anica Kißler
Best practice and descriptive research claim that presuppositions, such as the “too” in “#MeToo,” increase the persuasiveness of arguments. Surprisingly, there is hardly any causal evidence for this claim. Therefore, we tested experimentally if advertisements and political statements with presuppositions are more persuasive than equivalent assertions. In 1999, Sbisà already theorized that “persuasive
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Towards a just and equitable applied psycholinguistics Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-05-25 Ethan Kutlu, Rachel Hayes-Harb
We introduce the pair of special issues of Applied Psycolinguistics (this issue, next issue) titled “Towards a just and equitable applied psycholinguistics.” This paper motivates the need for this project, details the editorial process, and provides a brief summary of each article appearing in the special issues.
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The role of phonology-to-orthography consistency in predicting the degree of pupil dilation induced in processing reduced and unreduced speech Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-05-22 Yoichi Mukai, Juhani Järvikivi, Benjamin V. Tucker
The relationship between the ways in which words are pronounced and spelled has been shown to affect spoken word processing, and a consistent relationship between pronunciation and spelling has been reported as a possible cause of unreduced pronunciations being easier to process than reduced counterparts although reduced pronunciations occur more frequently. In the present study, we investigate the
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Exploring individual variation in Turkish heritage speakers’ complex linguistic productions: Evidence from discourse markers Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-05-19 Onur Özsoy, Frederic Blum
Research on multilingual speakers is often compared to monolingual baselines which are commonly treated as if they were homogeneous across speakers. Despite recent research showing that this homogeneity does not hold, these practices reproduce native-speakerism and monolingualism. Heritage language research, which established itself in the past two decades, is no exemption. Focusing on three predefined
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Understanding language processing in variable populations on their own terms: Towards a functionalist psycholinguistics of individual differences, development, and disorders Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-05-11 Bob McMurray, Keith S. Baxelbaum, Sarah Colby, J. Bruce Tomblin
Classic psycholinguistics seeks universal language mechanisms for all people, emphasizing the “modal” listener: hearing, neurotypical, monolingual, and young adults. Applied psycholinguistics then characterizes differences in terms of their deviation from the modal. This mirrors naturalist philosophies of health which presume a normal function, with illness as a deviation. In contrast, normative positions
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The predictive processing of number information in subregular verb morphology in a first and second language Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-05-08 Eva Marie Koch, Bram Bulté, Alex Housen, Aline Godfroid
We investigated the predictive processing of grammatical number information through stem-vowel alternations in German strong verbs by adult first language (L1) speakers and Dutch-speaking advanced second language (L2) learners of German, and the influence of working memory and awareness (i.e., whether participants consciously registered the predictive cue) thereon. While changed stem vowels indicate
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Frequency effects in Spanish phonological speech errors: Weak sources in the context of weak syllables and words Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-05-04 Julio Santiago, Elvira Pérez, Alfonso Palma, Joseph Paul Stemberger
The present study examines the effects of the frequency of phoneme, syllable, and word units in the Granada corpus of Spanish phonological speech errors. We computed several measures of phoneme and syllable frequency and selected the most sensitive ones, along with word (lexeme) frequency to compare the frequencies of source, target, and error units at the phoneme, syllable, and word levels. Results
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The impact of dialect differences on spoken language comprehension Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-05-02 Arynn S. Byrd, Yi Ting Huang, Jan Edwards
Research has suggested that children who speak African American English (AAE) have difficulty using features produced in Mainstream American English (MAE) but not AAE, to comprehend sentences in MAE. However, past studies mainly examined dialect features, such as verbal -s, that are produced as final consonants with shorter durations when produced in conversation which impacts their phonetic saliency
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The growth trajectories of morphological awareness and its predictors Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-04-24 Tomohiro Inoue, George K. Georgiou, Rauno Parrila
The purpose of this study was to examine the early growth of morphological awareness and its predictors. We followed 172 English-speaking Canadian children (82 girls, 90 boys, Mage = 75.56 months at the first assessment point) from Grade 1 to Grade 3 and assessed them on nonverbal IQ, phonological short-term memory, phonological awareness, letter knowledge, and vocabulary at the beginning of Grade
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Resilience and vulnerability of discourse-conditioned word order in heritage Spanish Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-04-14 Bradley Hoot, Tania Leal
Heritage speakers—bilinguals who acquire minority languages naturalistically in infancy but are typically majority-language-dominant in adulthood—generally acquire grammars that differ systematically from the baseline input received in childhood. Yet not all areas diverge equally; understanding what characterizes divergence or resilience of a given feature is crucial to understanding heritage language
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Bidirectional cross-linguistic influence with different-script languages: Evidence from eye tracking Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-04-11 Jamie Taylor, Yoichi Mukai
This study compared patterns of nonselective cross-language activation in L1 and L2 visual word recognition with different-script bilinguals. The aim was to determine (1) whether lexical processing is nonselective in the L1 (as in L2), and (2) if the same cross-linguistic factors affected processing similarly in each language. To examine the time course of activation, eye movements were tracked during
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Abandoning inauthentic intersectionality Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-04-05 Alayo Tripp
In the time since the term “intersectionality” was first introduced by Kimberlé Crenshaw, the term has gained a measure of widespread, even viral popularity. Increasingly, psycholinguists are citing this concept to promote work which more fully engages with the consequences of human diversity for language processing. This piece discusses the ways in which “intersectionality” has thus far been engaged
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Acknowledging language variation and its power: Keys to justice and equity in applied psycholinguistics Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-04-04 Alayo Tripp, Benjamin Munson
Recent studies have demonstrated incontrovertibly that person perception influences language perception. Much of this research is predicated on the notion that social categories are stable constructs that are perceived similarly by members of various speech communities. Power differentials necessarily impact the legibility of the social performances circumscribed by macrosociological categories and
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Asymmetrical effects of cross-linguistic structural priming on cross-linguistic influence in L2 learners Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-04-04 Holger Hopp, Carrie N. Jackson
The present study investigates current proposals that priming is a mechanism of cross-linguistic influence (CLI) in bilinguals by aiming to boost CLI through priming. In two cross-linguistic structural priming experiments with less-proficient adolescent (Study 1) and more highly proficient adult German-English learners (Study 2), we assess whether structural priming enhances CLI for well-formed, dispreferred
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The impact of L1 orthographic depth and L2 proficiency on mapping orthography to phonology in L2-English: an ERP investigation Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-04-04 Mona Roxana Botezatu
English monolinguals (Experiment 1) and first language (L1)-dominant, Spanish-English and Chinese-English bilinguals (Experiment 2), who differed in L1 orthographic depth (shallow: Spanish; deep: Chinese) and second language (L2–English) proficiency, decided whether visually presented letter strings were English words, while behavioral and EEG measures were recorded. The spelling-sound regularity and
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Reading in kindergarten Arabic-speaking children with low linguistic skills: A longitudinal study Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-04-04 Jasmeen Mansour-Adwan, Yasmin Shalhoub-Awwad, Ravit Cohen-Mimran, Asaid Khateb
The present longitudinal study aimed to explore the connections between different linguistic profiles at kindergarten and reading achievements at first grade. These profiles are based on the two-dimensional model (Bishop & Snowling, 2004), which associates reading skills with phonological and other language abilities. This model was examined mainly in Indo-European languages but scarcely in Arabic
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The effect of memory instructions on within- and between-language false memory Appl. Psycholinguist. (IF 2.4) Pub Date : 2023-03-29 Maria Soledad Beato, Pedro B. Albuquerque, Sara Cadavid, Mar Suarez
We examined the effect of memory instructions on false memory using the Deese/Roediger–McDermott paradigm in second-language learners. Participants studied lists of words in L1 and L2 (e.g., note, sound, piano…) associatively related to a non-presented critical lure (e.g., MUSIC). In a later recognition test, critical lures appeared in the same or the other language of their lists (i.e., within- and