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Molecular markers and candidate genes of plant height traits in upland cotton identified by single‐locus and multi‐locus genome‐wide association study Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Zhen Zhang, Xingyi Wang, Jiaxin Guan, Dongmei Zhang, Zhao Li, Meng Zhang, Huifeng Ke, Qishen Gu, Jun Yang, Yan Zhang, Liqiang Wu, Zhiying Ma, Xingfen Wang, Zhengwen Sun
With the increasing demands for crop yield and production mechanization, improvement of plant architecture is getting more imperative in cotton. In the present study, we investigated the plant height (PH) and the node of first fruiting branch (NFFB) of 719 upland cotton accessions in six different environments. We used the 10,511 high‐quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to perform single‐locus
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Overexpression of the late embryonic genesis abundant protein MGL3 improves the drought tolerance of maize (Zea mays L.) Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Jiaqi Liu, Nannan Chen, Bai Gao, Ming Miao, Yang Zhao, Siyan Liu, Shuyan Guan, Yiyong Ma
With the increasing severity of climate change, drought has become a global issue that seriously restricts the development and production of crops. Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the major food crops in the world. Therefore, the demand for drought‐tolerant maize varieties has been rapidly increasing in the market. Recent studies have found that late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are involved
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Phenotypic diversity for morpho‐agronomic traits in the US proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) core collection Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Santosh G. Rajput, Rituraj Khound, Dipak K. Santra
Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is a short‐season annual crop known for high water‐use efficiency and drought tolerance. The low water requirement makes this ancient grain an excellent rotational crop for the winter wheat‐based dryland cropping system in the High Plains of the United States. The genetic base of the commonly grown US cultivars is very narrow. Assessment of proso millet germplasm
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Analysis of factors influencing market participation among orange‐fleshed sweet potato smallholder farmers in southern region of Malawi: A case of RTC project Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-13 McDonald Chikhawo, Samson Katengeza, Julius J. Okello, M. Alexander. R. Phiri, Felistus Chipungu
Agricultural markets remain major issue downgrading root and tuber crop farmers who form the mainstream of the agricultural producers in Malawi. Recent evidence however reveals that orange‐fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) (Ipomea batatas) is currently being sold in produce markets along with the non‐orange varieties, sometimes in differentiated form in Malawi. The main objective of this study was to examine
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Breeding for potato cyst nematode resistance in Solanum tuberosum Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Pia Spychalla, Walter S. De Jong
Two species of potato cyst nematodes (PCNs), Globodera rostochiensis (Woll.) and Globodera pallida (Stone), threaten potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production worldwide. PCNs are remarkably persistent in soil and can reduce potato yield significantly. The most sustainable approach to PCN control is deploying resistant cultivars. This review focuses on the knowledge needed to conduct a successful PCN
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Evaluating cultivar intensity and dataset size for reliable cultivar recommendation in winter wheat: A systematic research of environmental and genotype factors Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Marzena Iwańska, Jakub Paderewski, Jan Žukovskis, Elżbieta Wójcik‐Gront
Crop yield is influenced by environmental, genotype, and management factors. This study focuses on the environmental and genotype factors, specifically the concept of mega‐environments, where similar crop varieties thrive due to similar environmental conditions, and cultivar intensity, a cultivar's favorable reaction to improved growing conditions, in cultivar recommendation for winter wheat in Poland
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Evaluation of variation in seedling root architectural traits and their potential association with nitrogen fixation and agronomic traits in field pea accessions Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Loveleen Kaur Dhillon, Rahul Chandnani, Alireza Nakhforoosh, Tongfei Qin, Karim Panjvani, J. Allan Feurtado, Leon Kochian, Thomas D. Warkentin
Root system architecture (RSA) plays a central role in water and nutrient acquisition in plants. Plasticity and genetic variation in RSA can be used as an adaptive strategy to optimize plant performance under variable environments. We quantified phenotypic variation for seedling RSA among 44 diverse pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes, including breeding lines and germplasm accessions, grown under controlled
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Genetic variation for endosperm carbohydrates and total soluble solids in shrunken2, sugary1, waxy1, and wild‐type near‐isogenic corn lines across three harvest dates Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Alexa R. Wilson, Isabella G. Fiore, Cathleen McCluskey, William F. Tracy
Sweet corn (Zea mays L.) cultivars must meet stringent quality standards to be accepted in the marketplace. Breeding for eating‐quality traits, such as sweetness, typically involves taste ratings or quantification of carbohydrate content. Total soluble solids (TSS) content is used as a proxy for sweetness in many fruit crops. Using a diallel of near‐isogenic corn lines for sugary1, shrunken2, waxy1
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Large‐scale breeding population validating significant loci for the 1000‐kernel weight of wheat Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Peng Jiang, Chang Li, Fa Cui, Lei Wu, Zhaoyang Zhang, Yi He, Peng Zhang, Hongxiang Ma, Xu Zhang
As an important component of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield, 1000‐kernel weight (TKW) has played a crucial role in yield improvement in recent decades. Marker‐assisted selection is an effective tool for improving quantitative traits; however, most markers have not been effectively applied in TKW improvement despite the identification of many loci associated with TKW. In this study, association
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Changes in the content of carotenoids in potato tubers cultivated with or without the application of fungicides Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Beata Tatarowska, Dorota Milczarek, Jarosław Plich
In this study, three cultivars and seven tetraploid potato clones were evaluated for two years in two cultivation systems (CS): without chemical protection against late blight development (NP) and with chemical protection (P). The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of chemical protection on the level of total carotenoids (TC) and individual carotenoids in potato tubers. The presented
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Stover removal has minimal impact on pennycress seeded into standing corn Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Julija A. Cubins, Samantha Wells, Gregg A. Johnson, Katie L. Black, Jayleen Perez, Ariana Gonch, Frank Forcella, Russ W. Gesch
In the Upper Midwest, corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are the most prominent agricultural crops, occupying land for only half the year. Their fallow periods are associated with nutrient leaching and soil erosion, but they also represent an opportunity to establish winter‐hardy crops, like pennycress (Thlaspi arvense L.), that can reduce negative environmental impacts while contributing
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Higher levels of virulence to multiple resistance genes were detected in Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor) populations from Texas Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Ellen E. Melson, Ming‐Shun Chen, Amir M. H. Ibrahim, David, R. Drake, Shuyu Liu, Russell Sutton, Keyan Zhu‐Salzman, D. Tyler Mays
Hessian fly is an important pest of wheat worldwide and is of particular importance in Texas and the southeastern United States. Texas is the highest wheat‐producing state that is severely impacted by this insect. The most effective control in these areas is an integrated pest management program, including resistant varieties of wheat. Hessian fly populations are genetically diverse and can rapidly
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The evaluation of secondary seed dormancy potentials of spring Brassica napus L. genotypes and the relationship with seed germination, vigor, and seed quality traits Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Caroline H. Brown, Robert H. Gulden, Steven J. Shirtliffe, Sally L. Vail
Volunteer canola (Brassica napus L.) is defined as canola germinating and emerging after the intended cropping season, and it continually ranks as a top occurring weed on the Canadian prairies. Seed dormancy is the physiological mechanism enabling the seed to remain viable in the soil seedbank for extended periods of time. Specifically, canola has a high likelihood of being induced into secondary seed
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Characterization of genetic diversity of greens‐type hybrid bermudagrass selections through SSR markers and morphological analysis Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Ryan Earp, Justin Quetone Moss, Tilin Fang, Michael Anderson, Yanqi Wu
The development of Tifgreen bermudagrass, and the subsequent mutations of this cultivar, has revolutionized the game of golf in the southern United States as superintendents have access to high‐quality putting surface capable of withstanding hot summers. However, the lack of genetic diversity may make them vulnerable to various pests and the low tolerance to freeze temperatures may make them susceptible
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Characterization of Paspalum genotypes for turfgrass cultivars development Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Frederico de Pina Matta, Alessandra Pereira Fávero, Bianca Baccili Zanotto Vigna, Marcelo Mattos Cavallari, Fábio Alves, Fernanda Ancelmo de Oliveira, Anete Pereira de Souza, Marisa Toniolo Pozzobon, Ana Luisa Sousa Azevedo, Marcos Rafael Gusmão
The characterization of genetic resources is essential to carry out a breeding program. This study aimed to characterize Paspalum genotypes with potential use as soil surface covering to support breeding programs on the development of turf cultivars. Forty‐three Paspalum genotypes, comprising 11 species, were evaluated. The embryo‐sacs structure was determined by cleared ovaries analysis and eight
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Persistence and relocation of dislodgable herbicide residue from simulated rainfall following glyphosate treatment to dormant zoysiagrass turf Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Navdeep Godara, Jordan M. Craft, Clebson G. Gonçalves, Shawn D. Askew
The severity of herbicide injury to dormant zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) increases with increasing green leaves at treatment time, but injury also occurs following treatment to fully dormant zoysiagrass, especially when treatment precedes rapid shoot emergence. Research was conducted to determine the persistence of radio‐labeled glyphosate or glufosinate on dormant zoysiagrass leaves, to assess how simulated
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Genomic prediction of sweet sorghum agronomic performance under drought and irrigated environments in Haiti Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Jean Rigaud Charles, Marie Darline Dorval, Jean Bernard Durone, Luis Felipe Ventorim Ferrão, Rodrigo Rampazo Amadeu, Patricio Ricardo Munoz, Geoffrey Morris, Geoffrey Meru, Gael Pressoir
Over the past decade, genomic selection (GS) has gained significant traction as a valuable tool for predicting the phenotypic performance in plant breeding populations and for expediting the development of new cultivars. Diverse statistical models and approaches have been developed to facilitate the integration of GS into plant breeding practices, with a growing emphasis on strategies that enhance
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Assessment of bioactive compounds, antioxidant potential, and enzymatic activity in different guava (Psidium guajava) cultivars Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Priyanka Kumari, Abhay Mankar, Kumari Karuna, Fozia Homa, Riadh Ilahy, Mohammed Wasim Siddiqui
Fresh fruits of five guava (Psidium guajava L.) cultivars were assessed for ascorbic acid (AA) content and enzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase [SOD] and ascorbate peroxidase [APX]) activities, while extracted peel and pulp samples were analyzed for total phenol (TP) and total flavonoids (TFs). The hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidant activity was evaluated using six different analytical
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Pollen‐mediated gene flow from herbicide‐resistant yellow corn to non‐genetically engineered food‐grade white corn Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Mandeep Singh, Vipan Kumar, Stevan Z. Knezevic, John L. Lindquist, Suat Irmak, Santosh Pitla, Amit J. Jhala
Nebraska is the number one producer of food‐grade white corn in the United States. Pollen‐mediated gene flow (PMGF) from genetically engineered high alpha‐amylase corn, known as Enogen corn, to food‐grade white corn can have undesirable outcomes. Alpha‐amylase can convert starch in white corn to sugar during or after its processing, degrading the quality of processed products. Thus, proximity to Enogen
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Evaluation of speed breeding conditions for accelerating Fusarium head blight and deoxynivalenol screening in wheat Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Bhavit Chhabra, Saijagruti Thrasu, Sydney Wallace, Adam Schoen, Fereshteh Shahoveisi, Yanhong Dong, Vijay Tiwari, Nidhi Rawat
Feeding the world's ever‐increasing population requires continuous development of high‐yielding and disease‐resistant cultivars of food crops such as wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Speed breeding, which utilizes longer photoperiod times and higher temperatures, is a technique that accelerates plant development and is rapidly being adopted by wheat breeders across the globe to fast‐track cultivar development
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Two types of biplots to integrate multi‐trial and multi‐trait information for genotype selection Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Weikai Yan
Genotype × environment interaction (GE) and unfavorable associations among breeding objectives are the two key challenges in genotype evaluation and selection. Dealing with GE includes utilizing repeatable GE and accommodating nonrepeatable GE, and analytical tools for both steps have been developed in recent years. The genotype by yield × trait (GYT) analysis was also developed to address the issue
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Phenotypic variability in the US upland cotton core set for root traits and water use efficiency at the late reproductive stage Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Om Prakash Ghimire, W. Walker Spivey, Vasu Kuraparthy, B. Todd Campbell, Michael Jones, Joe Thomas, William C. Bridges, Sruthi Narayanan
To incorporate root traits that improve water use efficiency (WUE) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) variety development, harnessing the genetic variability for root traits is essential. The objectives of this study were to characterize the US upland cotton core set for root traits and WUE and determine the traits associated with WUE. The core set includes 23 of the 381 accessions of the cotton diversity
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Genetic variability and QTL mapping of morphological traits and inflorescence prolificacy in African bermudagrass Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Shuhao Yu, Charles H. Fontanier, Liuling Yan, Dennis L. Martin, Justin Q. Moss, Yanqi Wu
African bermudagrass (Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt‐Davy) (2n = 2x = 18) has unique morphological characteristics such as finer leaf blades and shorter internodes that are important to improving turf qualities (i.e., texture and density) as compared to other Cynodon species. It has been extensively used to cross with common bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon Pers. var. dactylon) in developing high‐quality
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Genotypic variation in functional contributors to yield for a diverse collection of field‐grown cotton Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Navneet Kaur, John L. Snider, Andrew H. Paterson, Gurpreet Virk, Ved Parkash, Phillip Roberts, Changying Li
Yield improvement in cotton could be accelerated through selection for functional yield drivers such as interception of cumulative photosynthetically active radiation (∑IPAR), radiation use efficiency (RUE), and harvest index (HI). However, information on the extent to which these traits vary in cotton in the southeastern United States is limited. It was hypothesized that functional yield drivers would
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Improving nitrogen content in the carboxylation and electron transfer component can boost the reproductive biomass of filmless cotton in arid areas Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Nannan Li, Junhong Li, Xiaojuan Shi, Xianzhe Hao, Feng Shi, Jun Wang, Honghai Luo, Liwen Tian
Deep drip irrigation combined with high‐density planting is one of the most economical and effective ways to address residual film pollution. This study aimed to explore the photosynthetic potential of and achieve water‐saving and high‐yielding filmless cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) by optimizing the irrigation amount. We analyzed the effect of source leaf activity on leaf nitrogen allocation and
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Transcriptome analysis suggests the role of expansin genes in the improved germination of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seeds after hydropriming Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Rose L. Catiempo, Songsin Photchanachai, Adrian F. Powell, Susan R. Strickler, Chalermchai Wongs‐Aree
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is widely utilized for seed oil production. Priming seeds prior to sowing is a technique used to enhance the germination rate and uniformity of seedling growth. Priming times of 6 and 18 h were selected to be the optimal and extended durations, respectively. Three biological replicates per treatment were used for next‐generation sequencing via the Illumina platform
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Steps toward developing legume cover crop varieties: Study of biomass and nitrogen partitioning and within‐plant δ115N variation of faba bean at different growth stages Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Chloe Dugger, Kyle G. Brasier, Mohammad H. Pahlavani, Hossein Zakeri
Modern legumes are engineered to enhance nutrient allocation to grains and maximize harvest index (HI) and yield. Breeding legumes for cover crop requires optimizing source‐sink relationship to prolong nutrient allocation to vegetative organs, support post‐flowering nodule activity, and extend biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). We studied the variation of faba bean (Vicia faba) germplasm for biomass
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Classification of new germplasm into existing heterotic groups of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Rakshith Papanna, I. Shanker Goud, Anilkumar Vemula, B. V. Tembhurene, M. K. Meena, Shashi Kumar Gupta
The study assigned new germplasm, which includes populations and inbreds, to established heterotic groups using various approaches to broaden the existing genetic base while maintaining the heterotic pattern in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]. It utilized 13 pearl millet populations of African and Asian origins and 24 new inbred parents from ICRISAT's breeding program. Testers, both inbred
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Identification of QTLs and validation of molecular markers associated with reaction to Fusarium wilt in the common bean cultivar BRS FP403 Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Mário Henrique Rodrigues Mendes Torres, Rosana Pereira Vianello, Thiago Lívio Pessoa Oliveira de Souza, Leonardo Cunha Melo, Saulo Muniz Martins, Lucas Matias Gomes‐Messias, Helton Santos Pereira
Fusarium wilt, caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli, is one of the most prevalent diseases in the common bean crop (Phaseolus vulgaris). However, there is little information regarding the genetics of reaction to this disease. Thus, the aims of this study were to estimate genetic parameters, identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with reaction to Fusarium wilt, and validate
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Effect of plant architecture on the responses of canopy temperature and water use to population density in winter wheat Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Guirong Huang, Xinying Zhang, Zhenzhao Wang, Xiaoying Liu, Rui Guo, Fengxue Gu, Enke Liu, Shuying Li, Xiuli Zhong, Xurong Mei
Revealing how plant architecture affects the responses of canopy temperature depression (CTD), water use (WU), and grain yield to population density (PD) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) would help explore a water‐saving pathway related to managing population. This study was conducted over three consecutive years under rainfed and supplemental irrigation conditions. The flat‐leafed Jinmai 47 and upright‐leafed
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Production innovations to enhance sweetpotato as a food security crop in northern Ghana Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Issah Sugri, Daniel Akansake, Issah A. Abukari, Jan W. Low, Putri E. Abidin, Eric K. Dery, Kwabena Acheremu, Joseph Adjebeng‐Danquah, John K. Bidzakin, Mutari Abubakari, Salim Lamini, Edward E. Carey
Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam) is prioritized among crops that enhance food security and reduce malnutrition in Ghana. The production is expanding faster than other food crops owing to its superior nutrient composition. This study evaluates integrated approaches to increase on‐farm productivity, income, and utilization of sweetpotato. The first part evaluated the agronomic yield performance
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Genomewide marker estimates of the level of dominance in maize heterosis Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Patrick K. Sweet, Robenzon E. Lorenzana, Rex Bernardo
Heterosis is the superiority of an F1 hybrid over its parents, and overdominance and dominance are the two main hypotheses for the genetic basis of heterosis. Our objectives were to determine if genomewide marker effects accurately reflect the level of dominance at quantitative trait loci (QTL) and assess the distribution of per‐marker estimates of the level of dominance in maize (Zea mays L.). We
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The scholarship of honorifics Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 John M. Davis, J. Scott Angle, Robert J. Ferl, Robert A. Gilbert, Amy M. Grunden, Tim G. Rials, Scott A. Senseman, Gary A. Thompson, Michael D. Toews
Nomination is a scholarly activity, not unlike writing a manuscript or grant proposal. Nomination is elevated by recognizing both recipients and nominators. A nominagraph adds a dimension to the pairwise listing of recipients and nominators on ASA/CSSA/SSSA directories.
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Severe storm damage and short‐term weather stresses on corn: A review Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Alexander J. Lindsey, Osler A. Ortez, Peter R. Thomison, Paul R. Carter, Jeffrey A. Coulter, Greg W. Roth, Daniela R. Carrijo, Daniel J. Quinn, Mark A. Licht
Adverse weather conditions from acute events (e.g., storms causing lodging, flooding, or hail) or short‐duration weather patterns (i.e., periods of cold events; extended waterlogged field conditions) can result in yield losses, though management practices may play key roles in aiding with crop recovery or avoidance of these stress events. This review summarizes current knowledge (with emphasis placed
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Erratum for: Issue Information, Volume 64, Issue 1, January‐February 2024 https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.21005 Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-29
This erratum corrects the doi in the following: On the cover: Raphanus sativus L. is a root crop species of the Brassicaceae family that accounts for ∼2% of global vegetable production. See Huh et al. (https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.21135). Photo credit: Jason Leung.
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Aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces of Indo‐Gangetic Plains of India harbor rich genetic diversity Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Rakesh Kumar Bairwa, Mahesh C. Yadav, Shailesh Tiwari, Aswin Mahendran, Ranjith Kumar Ellur, S. Gopala Krishnan
Aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm conserved in global genebanks needs intensive characterization to assess genetic diversity and population structure for crop improvement. We analyzed a panel of 92 accessions of non‐Basmati aromatic rice landrace germplasm with 23 phenotypic traits and 48 microsatellite markers. The landrace accessions displayed a huge phenotypic diversity for traits, namely
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Do newer maize hybrids grow roots faster and deeper? Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Cintia Sciarresi, August Thies, Christopher Topp, Douglas Eudy, Slobodan Trifunovic, Alejo Ruiz, Philip M. Dixon, Fernando Miguez, Lee C. Burras, Sotirios V. Archontoulis
Understanding historical changes in root depth attributes is needed for crop productivity and sustainability assessments, but such information is rare. We explored whether newer maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids grow roots faster and deeper than older hybrids and quantified the role of management and environment on root trait expression. We measured root front velocity (RFV) and maximum root depth in 11
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Boll distribution of cotton effected by varying potassium rates within different irrigation levels Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Amee R. Bumguardner, Katie L. Lewis, Seth A. Byrd, Glen L. Ritchie, Gaylon D. Morgan
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) requires potassium (K) in large amounts for crop growth and development and is more sensitive to low K availability in soils than other agronomic crops. Low K concentrations within the plant may decrease the rate of photosynthesis, which will impact plant growth and development. Cotton yield potential has increased due to genetic improvements, which may have increased
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Envirotyping can increase genomic prediction accuracy of new environments in grain sorghum trials depending on mega‐environment Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Noah D. Winans, Jales M. O. Fonseca, Ramasamy Perumal, Patricia E. Klein, Robert R. Klein, William L. Rooney
Grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important crop native to Africa and grown in many subtropical and temperate regions worldwide. The variability in production environments underscores the plasticity of sorghum genotypes and provides an opportunity to predict sorghum hybrid performance in novel environments. Reaction norms informed by envirotype data can aid in modeling the differential
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Production and cultivation dynamics of millets in India Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-24 O. P. Yadav, D. V. Singh, Vandita Kumari, Manoj Prasad, Sushmita Seni, Roshan Kumar Singh, S. Sood, Lakshmi Kant, B. Dayakar Rao, R. Madhusudhana, B. Venkatesh Bhat, S. K. Gupta, D. K. Yadava, T. Mohapatra
Millets gained a great attention at the global level in 2023 which is celebrated as the “International Year of Millets” to create awareness to eventually promote consumption and production. An attempt is made here to understand the cultivation and production dynamics of millets as influenced by their demand and supply. We also assess challenges and emerging opportunities to make millets more productive
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The frequency and phenological stage of foliar application of nutrients and biostimulant can increase sugarcane yield and biomass and bioenergy productions Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Cleber de Morais Hervatin, Anibal Pacheco de Almeida Prado Filho, Letusa Momesso, Lucas Morais Jacomassi, Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol
The impacts of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) production include an extensive area of cultivation, high use of technology, and the generation of by‐products that must be utilized. Achieving higher productivity while reducing the expansion of cultivation is challenging. A potential strategy for increasing sugarcane yields and productivity is the foliar application of nutrients and biostimulants at different
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Heritability of floral traits in Allium cepa L. populations from biparental crosses Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Soraya Paola Noguera Serrano, Magalí Diana Gimenez, Rosalía Cristina Paz, Claudio R. Galmarini
Onions (Allium cepa L.) are one of the main vegetable crops worldwide. As an allogamous species with entomophilous pollination, floral traits play a critical role in seed production. Improving seed yield, especially for hybrid seed production, is very important. In this work, we obtained genetic information for floral traits using segregating populations from three male-sterile lines and one open-pollinated
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Performance and phenotypic stability of maize hybrids containing exotic introgressions in multi-environment trials Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-18 Alden Perkins, Dayane C. Lima, Shawn M. Kaeppler, Natalia de Leon
Maize (Zea mays L.) grown in the US Midwest contains only a small fraction of the genetic diversity present in the species. Maize populations from other parts of the world may contain genetic variation that could be used to improve or increase the diversity of US germplasm. This study was conducted to assess the performance and phenotypic stability of hybrids containing diverse exotic introgressions
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Phenotypic characterization of Southeastern United States open-pollinated maize landraces Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Matthew S. Woore, Sherry A. Flint-Garcia, James B. Holland
Maize (Zea mays L. subsp. mays) is the most important crop in the United States, but maize food and distillation products often rely on varieties that are not bred explicitly for these purposes. Farmers targeting niche food grain markets have expressed interest in historical open-pollinated varieties of maize, but few such populations are widely available, and even fewer are well-characterized. We
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Wide hybridization in sorghum with tertiary gene pool for diversification of parental lines Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Kanti Meena, Jinu Jacob, M. Bhavyasri, C. Aruna, P. Sanjana Reddy, P. Rajendrakumar, Avinash Singode, C. Tara Satyavathi, K. B. R. S. Visarada
Sorghum (S. bicolor) is a great millet that constitutes the staple food in many parts of the world and is cultivated in the semi-arid tropics. The grain is bestowed with traits that make it amenable for many value-added products, thus increasing the demand. Considerable progress is achieved in increasing the yield in the past through exploitation of primary gene pool species and secondary gene pool
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Late-heading parental selection in orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Megan M. Getz, Matthew D. Robbins, Kimberly Thorsted, Kevin B. Jensen, Joseph G. Robins, J. Earl Creech, B. Shaun Bushman
Dactylis glomerata L., orchardgrass or cocksfoot, is frequently planted as a companion crop in perennial forage legumes such as alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). However, many commercial orchardgrass cultivars flower earlier than legumes, resulting in a reduction in grass yield and nutritional value if harvested to maximize the legume. Additionally, during orchardgrass seed production over years, later
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Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay: A novel disease diagnostics tool in sweetpotato seed quality assurance Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Bramwel W. Wanjala, Jan F. Kreuze, Margaret A. McEwan, Jan W. Low
Sweetpotato is an important food crop in global production. However, sweetoptato viruses pose a threat to sustainable agriculture and cause significant economic loss. More than 30 viruses have been reported to date, with sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV) and sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV) occurring frequently and in combination, causing sweetpotato virus disease. The detection
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Study of timing of irrigation after foliar application of putrescine on phytochemical and physiological responses of sage Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Maryam Mohammadi-Cheraghabadi, Amir Mousavi, Saeid Hazrati, Seyed Ali Mohammad Modarres-Sanavy, Fatemeh Sefidkon, Ali Mokhtassi-Bidgoli
Salvia officinalis L. (sage) is a valuable medicinal plant with various secondary metabolites. These compounds are usually inducible by different stress conditions, for example, water-deficit stress. Therefore, cost-effective and eco-friendly approaches for alleviating water-deficit stress in medicinal plant crops are in high demand. Polyamines (PAs), such as putrescine, have a significant effect on
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Understanding seasonal influence on sorghum productivity traits Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Chandrasekhar Reddy Aruna, R. Madhusudhana, Cheruku Deepika
Changing climate and the need for continuous supply of grain to establish sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] as an industrial crop encourage for developing season neutral high-yielding genotypes for wider cultivation. This study was aimed to understand the effect of varied growing seasons on productivity and morphological traits. Thirty-two sorghum genotypes, including rainy season hybrids, parental
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Genetic gains in short-season corn hybrids: Grain yield, yield components, and grain quality traits Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Kyle King, Antonella Ferela, Tony J. Vyn, Slobodan Trifunovic, Doug Eudy, Charles Hurburgh, Kendall R. Lamkey, Sotirios V. Archontoulis
Era studies are important to understand historical changes in maize (Zea mays) germplasm and estimate genetic gains, yet information for short-season maize hybrids is limited. Here, we determine grain yield genetic gain in Bayer short-season hybrids (100–105 days) and investigate indirect changes made on 17 secondary traits, including yield components (kernel number, weight, and shelling efficiency)
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Seed yield and quality of interspecific hybrids of Paspalum plicatulum × P. guenoarum at different harvest times Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Carolina Scienza, Júlio Antoniolli, Júlia Longhi, Letícia W. Dias, Diógenes Cecchin Silveira, Rodrigo Sampaio, Victor S. de Ávila, Luis A. Escosteguy, Carine Simioni, Roberto Luis Weiler, Miguel Dall'Agnol, André Pich Brunes
Paspalum guenoarum is a warm-season perennial grass, with a caespitose growth habit. The species is native to southern Brazilian grasslands and has been used in interspecific hybridizations because of its high palatability, resistance to trampling and grazing, and cold tolerance. Previous studies reported improvements in forage production and the nutritive value of hybrid material. However, there are
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Gender-differentiated preference for sweetpotato traits and their drivers among smallholder farmers: Implications for breeding Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Josephine Namirimu, Julius Juma Okello, Andrew Muganga Kizito, Agnes M. Ssekiboobo
To improve sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) productivity, several improved high-yielding varieties have been developed by breeders. However, many farmers still grow low-yielding landraces. Farmers choose varieties to grow based on their preference for the attributes of those varieties. Varietal preferences have been shown to differ between males and females. This study assessed farmer preferences for
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Transcription factors FtMYB22 negatively regulates anthocyanin synthesis by forming an MBW ternary complex in Tartary buckwheat Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Haixia Zhao, Lisong Liu, Ying Chen, Chenglei Li, Huala Wu, Tao Wang, Zhi Shan, Xiaoli Wang, Qi Wu
Anthocyanins are important flavonoid compounds that are abundant in Tartary buckwheat, providing a variety of bright colors and enhancing abiotic stress resistance. Our study found that FtMYB22 specifically affected anthocyanin anabolism. In this study, overexpression of the FtMYB22 transcription factor in tobacco significantly reduced the accumulation of flavonol in the petals of transgenic tobacco
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Genetic diversity analysis and heterotic grouping of Indian white maize inbred lines using combining ability and SNP markers Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Arushi Arora, Abhijit Kumar Das, Shubhank Dixit, Yathish KR, S. B. Singh, J. C. Sekhar, R. Ravikesavan, J. P. Sahi, I. Sudhir Kumar, P. Mahadevu, Digbijaya Swain, R. M. Kachapur, Mitchell R. Tuinstra, Sreya Venadan, Sujay Rakshit
Maize (Zea mays L.) is a versatile crop with high genetic yield potential and various uses. While yellow maize is primarily used for animal feed, white maize is preferred as a food by rural and tribal populations in India. However, white maize landraces suffer immensely in terms of low yield. Heterotic grouping is an excellent method to develop hybrids with increased yield potential in maize. The heterotic
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Farmers’ purchase intention and willingness to pay for certified sweetpotato seed under different disease pressure zones in Uganda Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Charles Musoke, Florence B. Kyazze, Paul Kibwika, Settumba B. Mukasa
The use of certified sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) seed (CSS) was reported to unlock the yield potential of the crop leading to an over 80% yield increase. Despite the availability of elements of a formal CSS system, uptake in Uganda has remained dismal. Interdependence between farmer knowledge, perceptions, and purchase behaviors (PBs) is not well understood in a way that could allow the design of
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A retrospective analysis of historical data of multi-environment trials for dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Michigan Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Leonardo Volpato, Evan M. Wright, Scott Bales, Francisco E. Gomez
Plant breeding programs use multi-environment trials (METs) to test multiple genotypes with the aim of selecting superior lines and increasing genetic gain. However, METs can be affected by the genotype × environment interactions (GEI) which hinders the ability to identify stable and high-yielding dry bean varieties. This study investigates the impact of GEI on grain yield (GY) in three dry bean market
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Intercropping in maize silage versus solo-seeding for alfalfa establishment in Wisconsin and Idaho Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-10 John H. Grabber, David L. Bjorneberg, Christopher W. Rogers
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) intercropping with maize (Zea mays L.) silage is being developed in the northern United States to improve the profitability and environmental sustainability of forage production. This study, conducted under rainfed conditions in Wisconsin and semiarid irrigated conditions in Idaho, compared the establishment of alfalfa and dry matter yield of four intercropping systems
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Grain quality deterioration of hybrid rice is associated with alterations in physicochemical and structural properties of starch under saline conditions Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Wenyu Jin, Zhongwei Wei, Lin Li, Umair Ashraf, Wenli He, Yuzhu Zhang, Shaowu Qi
Saline water could affect the structural and physicochemical properties of starch and rice (Oryza sativa L.) quality. In the present study, two high-quality hybrid rice varieties, that is, Y Liangyou 957 (YLY957) and Jing Liangyou 534 (JLY534), were grown in a mixture of underground and sea water having 0, 5, and 11 dS m−1 electrical conductivity (EC). The mixtures of water were applied at active tillering