In the Upper Midwest, corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are the most prominent agricultural crops, occupying land for only half the year. Their fallow periods are associated with nutrient leaching and soil erosion, but they also represent an opportunity to establish winter‐hardy crops, like pennycress (Thlaspi arvense L.), that can reduce negative environmental impacts while contributing to farm profitability. A lack of agronomic best management practices remains a barrier to pennycress adoption. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the impact of stover presence on pennycress stand establishment and seed yield after seeding pennycress into R4 corn. This study was conducted over the 2014–2015 and 2015–2016 growing seasons with MN106 pennycress at three locations in Minnesota. At maturity, corn plants were removed from plots in 25% increments between 0% and 100% to simulate stover removal scenarios. Pennycress seedlings were unable to compete with corn for available light resources and did not have enough time following corn harvest to establish a dense stand in the autumn with only 5% and 10% green cover in 2014 and 2015, respectively. Despite poor early season emergence, the average seed yield, 1223 kg ha−1, was high relative to other studies using MN106, indicating that challenges of growing pennycress under adverse conditions may not be a barrier to competitive seed yields. Experimentation on the corn–pennycress system should continue in the future to further explore and establish best management practices for this double crop.

中文翻译：

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去除秸秆对播种到玉米中的矮芥子影响极小

在中西部北部，玉米（玉米L.) 和大豆 [大豆(L.) Merr.] 是最主要的农作物，仅占据土地半年。它们的休耕期与养分淋溶和土壤侵蚀有关，但它们也提供了培育耐寒作物的机会，例如欧洲菜。紫菜L.），可以减少负面环境影响，同时有助于农场盈利。缺乏农艺最佳管理实践仍然是矮芥菜采用的障碍。本研究的目的是评估在 R4 玉米中播种细叶菜后，秸秆的存在对细叶菜林分建立和种子产量的影响。这项研究是在 2014-2015 年和 2015-2016 年生长季在明尼苏达州的三个地点对 MN106 滨菜进行的。成熟时，玉米植株以 0% 至 100% 之间 25% 的增量从地块中移除，以模拟秸秆移除场景。侧芥菜幼苗无法与玉米竞争可用的光照资源，并且在玉米收获后没有足够的时间在秋季形成密集的林分，2014 年和 2015 年的绿化覆盖率分别仅为 5% 和 10%。尽管早季出苗不佳，但平均种子产量为 1223 公斤/公顷−1，相对于使用 MN106 的其他研究而言较高，表明在不利条件下种植欧洲菜的挑战可能不会成为竞争性种子产量的障碍。未来应继续对玉米-矮芥菜系统进行试验，以进一步探索和建立这种双季作物的最佳管理实践。