-
The global H5N1 influenza panzootic in mammals Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-24 Thomas Peacock, Louise Moncla, Gytis Dudas, David VanInsberghe, Ksenia Sukhova, James O. Lloyd-Smith, Michael Worobey, Anice C. Lowen, Martha I. Nelson
Influenza A viruses (IAV) have caused more documented global pandemics in human history than any other pathogen1,2. High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) viruses belonging to the H5N1 subtype are a leading pandemic risk. Two decades after H5N1 “bird flu” became established in poultry in Southeast Asia, its descendants have resurged3, setting off an H5N1 panzootic in wild birds that is fueled by
-
More measures needed to ease funding competition in China Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-24
Letter to the Editor
-
Floating homes need social and political acceptance in the Western world Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-24
Letter to the Editor
-
Gender inequity persists among journal chief editors Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-24
Letter to the Editor
-
Mathematics helped Britain to get in touch with continental Europe a century ago Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-24
Snippets from Nature’s past.
-
We can’t recreate ancient wilderness environments — but that’s not the point Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-24
Letter to the Editor
-
What is a cell type, really? The quest to categorize life’s myriad forms Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-24
Scientists have more information than ever on how cells differ — but they still resist easy grouping.
-
Seven work–life balance tips from a part-time PhD student Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-24
Simone Willis studied part-time alongside multiple paid roles. Here’s how she managed her time, met deadlines and protected her mental health.
-
Gaza: Why is it so hard to establish the death toll? Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-24
Body counts are a crude measure of the war’s impact and more reliable estimates will take time to compile.
-
The human heart shows signs of ageing after just a month in space Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-24
Researchers sent engineered heart tissue to the International Space Station and measured how it faired.
-
We must train specialists in botany and zoology — or risk more devastating extinctions Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-24
Failure to fund education in taxonomy could derail efforts to support conservation in low- and middle-income countries.
-
How to stop a looming ‘splinternet’ Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-24
Online safety is crucial, but so are privacy and decentralization. Computer scientists who set the Internet’s technical standards should be included in governance talks.
-
Yo-yo dieting accelerates cardiovascular disease by reprogramming the immune system Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-24 Daniel J. Rader, Kate Townsend Creasy
Cycling between a high-fat and low-fat diet exacerbates atherosclerosis.
-
Why cannibal queens make a meal of fungus-ridden larvae Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-23
Ant larvae infected with a pathogenic fungus had better watch out for Mum.
-
Octopuses and fish caught on camera hunting as a team Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-23
Although typically considered solitary animals, octopuses sometimes work with fish to entrap prey.
-
Budget cuts hit world’s largest cancer-research funder: what it means for scientists Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-23
The US National Cancer Institute is prioritizing young investigators as it navigates its first funding decline in nearly a decade.
-
Daily briefing: Mathematicians have described a new class of shape: soft cells Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-23
Straightforward solutions to antimicrobial resistance could avert millions of deaths. Plus, Three Mile Island nuclear plant will be restarted to power Microsoft data centres
-
I scale these vast trees to gather data on the effects of climate change Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-23
Rebecca Hsu works as a forest ecologist for the Taiwan Forestry Institute in Taipei.
-
Promises and challenges of crop translational genomics Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Martin Mascher, Murukarthick Jayakodi, Hyeonah Shim, Nils Stein
-
‘Substandard and unworthy’: why it’s time to banish bad-mannered reviews Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-23
The publisher of Physics World and other journals is marking Peer Review Week 2024 by calling for more courtesy in the process.
-
Oldest and coldest: JWST claims a first for exoplanet imaging Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Isabel Rebollido Vázquez
Direct observations of exoplanet ε Indi Ab.
-
Can AI feel distress? Inside a new framework to assess sentience Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-23
From artificial-intelligence algorithms to zebrafish, this book take a precautionary approach to assessing how sentient such entities are.
-
In Asia, alternative proteins are the new clean energy Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Ryan Huling, Doris Lee, Wasamon Nutakul, Samuel Goh
As climate and food-security pressures intensify, the world’s most populous continent sees clear opportunities to reimagine meat — just as it did for affordable solar panels.
-
Einstein in Oxford: the untold story of an unlikely friendship Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-23
Albert Einstein’s sojourns in the English city, as Nazism rose in Germany, were built on the back of a connection with a now largely forgotten don.
-
Daily briefing: CERN to eject Russian scientists Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-20
CERN will eject Russian scientists at the end of November, but keep a foot in the door with Moscow. Plus, how ‘deintensifying’ cancer treatment could help people and the planet.
-
AI-accelerated Nazca survey nearly doubles the number of known figurative geoglyphs and sheds light on their purpose Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Masato Sakai, Akihisa Sakurai, Siyuan Lu, Jorge Olano, Conrad M. Albrecht, Hendrik F. Hamann, Marcus Freitag
It took nearly a century to discover a total of 430 figurative Nazca geoglyphs, which offer significant insights into the ancient cultures at the Nazca Pampa. Here, we report the deployment of an AI system to the entire Nazca region, a UNESCO World Heritage site, leading to the discovery of 303 new figurative geoglyphs within only 6 mo of field survey, nearly doubling the number of known figurative
-
Spaceflight-induced contractile and mitochondrial dysfunction in an automated heart-on-a-chip platform Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Devin B. Mair, Jonathan H. Tsui, Ty Higashi, Paul Koenig, Zhipeng Dong, Jeffrey F. Chen, Jessica U. Meir, Alec S. T. Smith, Peter H. U. Lee, Eun Hyun Ahn, Stefanie Countryman, Nathan J. Sniadecki, Deok-Ho Kim
With current plans for manned missions to Mars and beyond, the need to better understand, prevent, and counteract the harmful effects of long-duration spaceflight on the body is becoming increasingly important. In this study, an automated heart-on-a-chip platform was flown to the International Space Station on a 1-mo mission during which contractile cardiac function was monitored in real-time. Upon
-
Accelerating transmission capacity expansion by using advanced conductors in existing right-of-way Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Emilia Chojkiewicz, Umed Paliwal, Nikit Abhyankar, Casey Baker, Ric O’Connell, Duncan Callaway, Amol Phadke
As countries pursue decarbonization goals, the rapid expansion of transmission capacity for renewable energy (RE) integration poses a significant challenge due to hurdles such as permitting and cost allocation. However, we find that large-scale reconductoring with advanced composite-core conductors can cost-effectively double transmission capacity within existing right-of-way, with limited additional
-
A molecular switch from tumor suppressor to oncogene in ER+ve breast cancer: Role of androgen receptor, JAK-STAT, and lineage plasticity Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Sarah Asemota, Wendy Effah, Jeremiah Holt, Daniel Johnson, Linnea Cripe, Suriyan Ponnusamy, Thirumagal Thiyagarajan, Yekta Khosrosereshki, Dong-Jin Hwang, Yali He, Brandy Grimes, Martin D. Fleming, Frances E. Pritchard, Ashley Hendrix, Meiyun Fan, Abhinav Jain, Hyo Young Choi, Liza Makowski, D. Neil Hayes, Duane D. Miller, Lawrence M. Pfeffer, Balaji Santhanam, Ramesh Narayanan
Cancers develop resistance to inhibitors of oncogenes mainly due to target-centric mechanisms such as mutations and splicing. While inhibitors or antagonists force targets to unnatural conformation contributing to protein instability and resistance, activating tumor suppressors may maintain the protein in an agonistic conformation to elicit sustainable growth inhibition. Due to the lack of tumor suppressor
-
Alveolar macrophage function is impaired following inhalation of berry e-cigarette vapor Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Amelia Kulle, Ziyi Li, Ashley Kwak, Mathieu Mancini, Daniel Young, Daina Zofija Avizonis, Marc Groleau, Carolyn J. Baglole, Marcel A. Behr, Irah L. King, Maziar Divangahi, David Langlais, Jing Wang, Julianna Blagih, Erika Penz, Antoine Dufour, Ajitha Thanabalasuriar
In the lower respiratory tract, the alveolar spaces are divided from the bloodstream and the external environment by only a few microns of interstitial tissue. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) defend this delicate mucosal surface from invading infections by regularly patrolling the site. AMs have three behavior modalities to achieve this goal: extending cell protrusions to probe and sample surrounding areas
-
Investigating the cis- regulatory basis of C 3 and C 4 photosynthesis in grasses at single-cell resolution Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 John Pablo Mendieta, Xiaoyu Tu, Daiquan Jiang, Haidong Yan, Xuan Zhang, Alexandre P. Marand, Silin Zhong, Robert J. Schmitz
While considerable knowledge exists about the enzymes pivotal for C 4 photosynthesis, much less is known about the cis- regulation important for specifying their expression in distinct cell types. Here, we use single-cell-indexed ATAC-seq to identify cell-type-specific accessible chromatin regions (ACRs) associated with C 4 enzymes for five different grass species. This study spans four C 4 species
-
Nr2f1 enhancers have distinct functions in controlling Nr2f1 expression during cortical development Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Zhidong Liu, Athéna R. Ypsilanti, Eirene Markenscoff-Papadimitriou, Diane E. Dickel, Stephan J. Sanders, Shan Dong, Len A. Pennacchio, Axel Visel, John L. Rubenstein
There is evidence that transcription factor (TF) encoding genes, which temporally control development in multiple cell types, can have tens of enhancers that regulate their expression. The NR2F1 TF developmentally promotes caudal and ventral cortical regional fates. Here, we epigenomically compared the activity of Nr2f1’s enhancers during mouse cortical development with their activity in a transgenic
-
Enhanced metamorphic CO 2 release on the Proterozoic Earth Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 E. M. Stewart, Donald E. Penman
Rock metamorphism releases substantial CO 2 over geologic timescales (>1 My), potentially driving long-term planetary climate trends. The nature of carbonate sediments and crustal thermal regimes exert a strong control on the efficiency of metamorphic CO 2 release; thus, it is likely that metamorphic CO 2 degassing has not been constant throughout time. The Proterozoic Earth was characterized by a
-
Global fishing patterns amplify human exposures to methylmercury Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Mi-Ling Li, Colin P. Thackray, Vicky W. Y. Lam, William W. L. Cheung, Elsie M. Sunderland
Global pollution has exacerbated accumulation of toxicants like methylmercury (MeHg) in seafood. Human exposure to MeHg has been associated with long-term neurodevelopmental delays and impaired cardiovascular health, while many micronutrients in seafood are beneficial to health. The largest MeHg exposure source for many general populations originates from marine fish that are harvested from the global
-
Septo-dentate gyrus cholinergic circuits modulate function and morphogenesis of adult neural stem cells through granule cell intermediaries Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Ze-Ka Chen, Luis Quintanilla, Yijing Su, Ryan N. Sheehy, Jeremy M. Simon, Yan-Jia Luo, Ya-Dong Li, Zhe Chen, Brent Asrican, Dalton S. Tart, W. Todd Farmer, Guo-Li Ming, Hongjun Song, Juan Song
Cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain play a crucial role in regulating adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN). However, the circuit and molecular mechanisms underlying cholinergic modulation of AHN, especially the initial stages of this process related to the generation of newborn progeny from quiescent radial neural stem cells (rNSCs), remain unclear. Here, we report that stimulation of the cholinergic
-
Soul is a master control gene governing the development of the Drosophila prothoracic gland Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Wen Liu, Minyi Yan, Kirst King-Jones
The prothoracic gland (PG) is a major insect endocrine organ. It is the principal source of insect steroid hormones, and critical for key developmental events such as the molts, the establishment of critical weight (CW), pupation, and sexual maturation. However, little is known about the developmental processes that regulate PG morphology. In this study, we identified soul , which encodes a PG-specific
-
Male crickets in poor condition engage in less same-sex sexual behavior Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Jon Richardson, Isabelle P. Hoversten, Marlene Zuk
Same-sex sexual behavior (SSB) is widespread among animals and is often treated as an evolutionary anomaly or mistake. An alternative view is that SSB occurs because individuals have broader or more permissive “mating filters.” A broader filter means directing courtship toward anything that resembles a potential mate, while a narrower filter means having stricter criteria about when to court. Broader
-
A sensitive assay for measuring whole-blood responses to type I IFNs Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Adrian Gervais, Corentin Le Floc’h, Tom Le Voyer, Lucy Bizien, Jonathan Bohlen, Fatih Celmeli, Fahd Al Qureshah, Cécile Masson, Jérémie Rosain, Marwa Chbihi, Romain Lévy, Riccardo Castagnoli, Anya Rothenbuhler, Emmanuelle Jouanguy, Qian Zhang, Shen-Ying Zhang, Vivien Béziat, Jacinta Bustamante, Anne Puel, Paul Bastard, Jean-Laurent Casanova
Human inborn errors of the type I IFN response pathway and auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-α, -β, and/or -ω can underlie severe viral illnesses. We report a simple assay for the detection of both types of condition. We stimulate whole blood from healthy individuals and patients with either inborn errors of type I IFN immunity or auto-Abs against type I IFNs with glycosylated human IFN-α2, -β, or -ω. As controls
-
Cell-type-specific enhancement of deviance detection by synaptic zinc in the mouse auditory cortex Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Mason McCollum, Abbey Manning, Philip T. R. Bender, Benjamin Z. Mendelson, Charles T. Anderson
Stimulus-specific adaptation is a hallmark of sensory processing in which a repeated stimulus results in diminished successive neuronal responses, but a deviant stimulus will still elicit robust responses from the same neurons. Recent work has established that synaptically released zinc is an endogenous mechanism that shapes neuronal responses to sounds in the auditory cortex. Here, to understand the
-
Ion sensors based on organic semiconductors acting as quasi-reference electrodes Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Yu Yamashita, Harumi Hayakawa, Pushi Wang, Tatsuyuki Makita, Shohei Kumagai, Shun Watanabe, Jun Takeya
Thin-film devices that transduce the chemical activity of ions into electronic signals are essential components in various applications, including healthcare diagnostics and environmental monitoring. Combinations of organic semiconductors (OSCs) and ion-selective materials have been explored for developing solution-processable ion sensors. However, the necessity of reference electrodes (REs) and operational
-
Engineered CD4 T cells for in vivo delivery of therapeutic proteins Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Harikrishnan Radhakrishnan, Sherri L. Newmyer, Harold S. Javitz, Parijat Bhatnagar
The CD4 T cell, when engineered with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing specific intracellular domains, has been transformed into a zero-order drug-delivery platform. This introduces the capability of prolonged, disease-specific engineered protein biologics production, at the disease site. Experimental findings demonstrate that CD4 T cells offer a solution when modified with a CAR that includes
-
Scientists are building a giant ‘evidence banks’ to create policies that actually work Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-21
Funders launch projects with US$70-million to develop tools that make rapid syntheses of the world’s science.
-
Harassed? Intimidated? Guidebook offers help to scientists under attack Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-20
Scholars provide tactics for responding to threats and abuse, but emphasize that institutions must defend their researchers.
-
Mathematicians discover new class of shape seen throughout nature Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-20
‘Soft cells’ — shapes with rounded corners and pointed tips that fit together on a plane — feature in onions, molluscs and more.
-
Thalidomide-like drug staunches bleeding from genetic disease Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-18
Severe nosebleeds caused by hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia dwinded in people who took a drug used to treat cancer.
-
Future global offshore wind energy under climate change and advanced wind turbine technology Energy Convers. Manag. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-09-21 Christopher Jung, Leon Sander, Dirk Schindler
Offshore wind energy provides a promising option for substituting conventional energies due to its low greenhouse gas emissions, cost-effectiveness, and abundant wind resources at seas. The installed capacity, available area, technological advancements, and wind resource development under climate change drive the offshore wind potential. Thus, the goal is to develop 28 techno-climatic wind energy expansion
-
Toward sustainability of Waste-to-Energy: An overview Energy Convers. Manag. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-09-21 Hsin-Wei Hsu, Emmanuel Binyet, Rusdan Aditya Aji Nugroho, Wei-Cheng Wang, Penjit Srinophakun, Rei-Yu Chein, Rex Demafelis, Nutchapon Chiarasumran, Herman Saputro, Akhmad Faruq Alhikami, Netipon Sakulshah, Tunyaboon Laemthong
The rapid increase in urban populations has led to a significant rise in municipal solid waste, necessitating innovative waste management solutions within a circular economy. This review examines the potential of waste-to-energy technologies to transform waste into a sustainable energy source, addressing both waste management and energy production challenges. Analyzing over 100 studies, the review
-
Techno-economic analysis of the direct solar conversion of carbon dioxide into renewable fuels Energy Convers. Manag. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-09-21 Abdul Ahad Mamun, Muhammad Anisuzzaman Talukder
Direct conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) using sunlight into commercially viable renewable fuels will be one key solution for decarbonization and storing renewable solar energy. However, the direct conversion of CO2 using sunlight faces uphill challenges, especially the techno-economic viability (TEV), as the produced fuels must compete with fossil fuels or at least with fossil fuel alternatives,
-
Trends and advances in sustainable bioethanol production technologies from first to fourth generation: A critical review Energy Convers. Manag. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-09-21 Muhammad Abdul Kareem Joyia, Muhammad Ahmad, Yang-Fang Chen, Mujahid Mustaqeem, Ansar Ali, Aumber Abbas, Mohammed Ashraf Gondal
By the end of 2050, the world population is anticipated to reach 10 billion, which will change the perception of energy utilization. In recent years, the reliance on fossil fuels has shifted towards alternative energy sources. Over the past few years, there has been a profound emphasis on converting biomass into ethanol fuel, recognized as the most environmentally friendly liquid fuel as an alternative
-
Optimising novel methanol/diesel blends as sustainable fuel alternatives: Performance evaluation and predictive modelling Energy Convers. Manag. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-09-21 Tanmay J. Deka, Mohamed Abd Elaziz, Ahmed I. Osman, Rehab Ali Ibrahim, Debendra C. Baruah, David W. Rooney
The pursuit of reducing diesel consumption while progressing towards a sustainable energy future necessitates critical decisions regarding fuel modifications or engine adaptations to ensure smooth transitions in transportation. This study explores the potential of methanol/diesel blends as a sustainable fuel solution for the transport sector. We address a significant gap by examining the impact of
-
COVID pandemic started in Wuhan market animals after all, suggests latest study Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-20
The finding comes from a reanalysis of genomic data.
-
Do AI models produce more original ideas than researchers? Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-20
The concepts were judged by reviewers and were not told who or what had created them.
-
Daily briefing: Thick, sticky ‘brain goo’ might drive obesity Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-19
‘Brain goo’ that stops neurons processing insulin signals might drive obesity. Plus, China has almost reached peak greenhouse-gas emissions — what does that mean for climate change?
-
Is bird flu spreading among people? Data gaps leave researchers in the dark Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-19
Mysterious US bird flu case in person without any known contact with an infected animal raises spectre of human-to-human transmission.
-
Rules of river avulsion change downstream Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 James H. Gearon, Harrison K. Martin, Clarke DeLisle, Eric A. Barefoot, David Mohrig, Chris Paola, Douglas A. Edmonds
-
Author Correction: Possible shift in controls of the tropical Pacific surface warming pattern. Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-20 Masahiro Watanabe,Sarah M Kang,Matthew Collins,Yen-Ting Hwang,Shayne McGregor,Malte F Stuecker
-
A novel heating system of solar-assisted enhanced jet enthalpy air source heat pump for cold regions Energy Convers. Manag. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-09-20 Guodong Qiu, Shirui Su, Yanfeng Chen, Weihua Cai
Solar energy and air source heat pumps are common heat sources for clean heating, but at lower ambient temperatures, the performance of solar energy and air source heat pumps will decline significantly, which can be ameliorated by integrating the two heat sources. However, the range of solar radiation and ambient temperature variation is very wide, and the existing integration methods cannot guarantee
-
Comparative study on thermodynamic performance of liquid hydrogen storage insulation system incorporating vapor-cooled shield with para–ortho hydrogen conversion by one-dimensional and quasi-two-dimensional model Energy Convers. Manag. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-09-20 Yakun Leng, Shengqi Zhang, Xinyang Wang, Liang Pu, Peng Xu
As the pivotal technology for large-scale utilization of hydrogen, hydrogen storage is bracing itself to significant challenges related to heat leakage. To enhance the insulation performance of liquid hydrogen storage insulation system (LHSIS), spray-on foam insulation (SOFI), variable density multilayer insulation (VDMLI) and vapor-cooled shield (VCS) are commonly employed. This study established
-
Life cycle and techno-economic analyses of biofuels production via anaerobic digestion and amine scrubbing CO2 capture Energy Convers. Manag. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-09-20 Towhid Gholizadeh, Hamed Ghiasirad, Anna Skorek-Osikowska
The global energy landscape highlights the importance of the hydrogen economy, emphasizing its critical role in worldwide energy policies. This study explores a system designed for producing biomethanol and biomethane by integrating anaerobic digestion, biogas upgrading, and high-temperature electrolysis. The system builds on real-scale industrial data from an existing anaerobic digestion plant, which