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Clinical features, genetic background, and outcome in infants with urinary tract infection and type IV renal tubular acidosis
Pediatric Research ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-18 , DOI: 10.1038/s41390-019-0727-7
Min-Hua Tseng , Jing-Long Huang , Shih-Ming Huang , Jeng-Daw Tsai , Tai-Wei Wu , Wen-Lang Fan , Jhao-Jhuang Ding , Shih-Hua Lin

Background Type IV renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a severe complication of urinary tract infection (UTI) in infants. A detailed clinical and molecular analysis is still lacking. Methods Infants with UTI who exhibited features of type IV RTA were prospectively enrolled. Clinical, laboratory, and image characteristics and sequencing of genes responsible for phenotype were determined with follow-up. Results The study cohort included 12 infants (9 males, age 1–8 months). All exhibited typical type IV RTA such as hyperkalemia with low transtubular potassium gradient, hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis with positive urine anion gap, hypovolemic hyponatremia with renal salt wasting, and high plasma renin and aldosterone levels. Seven had hyperkalemia-related arrhythmia and two of them developed life-threatening ventricular tachycardia. With prompt therapy, all clinical and biochemical abnormalities resolved within 1 week. Five had normal urinary tract anatomy, and three of them carried genetic variants on NR3C2 . Three variants, c.1645T>G (S549A), c.538G>A (V180I), and c.1-2C>G, on NR3C2 were identified in four patients. During follow-up, none of them had recurrent type IV RTA, but four developed renal scaring. Conclusions Genetic mutation on NR3C2 may contribute to the development of type IV RTA as a complication of UTI in infants without identifiable risk factors, such as urinary tract anomalies.

中文翻译:

婴儿尿路感染和 IV 型肾小管酸中毒的临床特征、遗传背景和结果

背景 IV 型肾小管酸中毒 (RTA) 是婴儿尿路感染 (UTI) 的严重并发症。仍然缺乏详细的临床和分子分析。方法 前瞻性招募表现出 IV 型 RTA 特征的 UTI 婴儿。临床、实验室和图像特征以及负责表型的基因测序通过随访确定。结果 研究队列包括 12 名婴儿(9 名男性,1-8 个月大)。所有患者均表现出典型的 IV 型 RTA,如低跨管钾梯度的高钾血症、尿阴离子间隙阳性的高氯性代谢性酸中毒、肾盐耗竭的低血容量性低钠血症以及高血浆肾素和醛固酮水平。七人患有高钾血症相关的心律失常,其中两人发展为危及生命的室性心动过速。通过及时治疗,所有临床和生化异常在 1 周内得到解决。五人具有正常的泌尿道解剖结构,其中三人携带 NR3C2 基因变异。在 4 名患者中鉴定出 NR3C2 上的三个变体,c.1645T>G (S549A)、c.538G>A (V180I) 和 c.1-2C>G。在随访期间,他们中没有人出现复发性 IV 型 RTA,但有 4 人出现了肾脏瘢痕。结论 NR3C2 的基因突变可能导致 IV 型 RTA 作为 UTI 的并发症在没有可识别风险因素(如尿路异常)的婴儿中发展。在 4 名患者中发现了 NR3C2。在随访期间,他们中没有人出现复发性 IV 型 RTA,但有 4 人出现了肾脏瘢痕。结论 NR3C2 的基因突变可能导致 IV 型 RTA 作为 UTI 的并发症在没有可识别风险因素(如尿路异常)的婴儿中发展。在 4 名患者中发现了 NR3C2。在随访期间,他们中没有人出现复发性 IV 型 RTA,但有 4 人出现了肾脏瘢痕。结论 NR3C2 的基因突变可能导致 IV 型 RTA 作为 UTI 的并发症在没有可识别风险因素(如尿路异常)的婴儿中发展。
更新日期:2019-12-18
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