Supplementation with histidine‐containing dipeptides has been shown to improve obesity and glycaemic outcomes in animal and human studies. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials to examine these effects. Electronic databases were searched investigating the effects of histidine‐containing dipeptides supplementation on anthropometric and glycaemic outcomes. Meta‐analyses were performed using random‐effects models to calculate the weighted mean difference and 95% confidence interval. There were 30 studies for the systematic review and 23 studies pooled for meta‐analysis. Histidine‐containing dipeptide groups had a lower waist circumference (WMD [95% CI] = −3.53 cm [−5.65, −1.41], p = 0.001) and HbA1c level (WMD [95% CI] = −0.76% (8.5 mmol/mol) [−1.29% (14.3 mmol/mol), −0.24% (2.8 mmol/mol)], p = 0.004) at follow‐up compared with controls. In sensitivity analyses of studies with low risk of bias, waist circumference, HbA1c, and fasting glucose levels (WMD [95% CI] = −0.63 mmol/L [−1.09, −0.18], p = 0.006) were significantly lower in intervention groups versus controls. There was also a trend toward lower fat mass (p = 0.09), insulin resistance (p = 0.07), and higher insulin secretion (p = 0.06) in intervention versus control groups. Supplementation with histidine‐containing dipeptides may reduce central obesity and improve glycaemic outcomes. Further studies exploring histidine‐containing dipeptide use in obesity and diabetes prevention and treatment are warranted.

中文翻译：

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含组氨酸的二肽减少中枢性肥胖并改善血糖结果：随机对照试验的系统评价和荟萃分析。

在动物和人体研究中，补充含组氨酸的二肽可改善肥胖症和血糖结果。我们对随机对照试验进行了系统的回顾和荟萃分析，以检查这些效果。搜索了电子数据库，以研究补充组氨酸的二肽对人体测量和血糖结果的影响。使用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析，以计算加权均数差和95％置信区间。系统评价共有30项研究，荟萃分析汇总了23项研究。含组氨酸的二肽基团的腰围较低（WMD [95％CI] = -3.53 cm [-5.65，-1.41]，p= 0.001）和HbA1c水平（WMD [95％CI] = -0.76％（8.5 mmol / mol）[-1.29％（14.3 mmol / mol），-0.24％（2.8 mmol / mol）]，p = 0.004）跟对照相比。在偏倚风险，腰围，HbA1c和空腹血糖水平低的研究（敏感性研究中，WMD [95％CI] = -0.63 mmol / L [-1.09，-0.18]，p = 0.006）的敏感性分析显着降低组与对照组。还有一种趋势，即脂肪含量较低（p = 0.09），胰岛素抵抗（p = 0.07）和胰岛素分泌较高（p= 0.06）。补充含组氨酸的二肽可减少中枢型肥胖并改善血糖结果。进一步研究探索在肥胖症和糖尿病的预防和治疗中使用含组氨酸的二肽是有必要的。