Diseases intrinsic to the pancreas such as pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer and type 1 diabetes mellitus impart substantial health and financial burdens on society but identification of novel mechanisms contributing to these pathologies are slow to emerge. A novel area of research suggests that pancreatic-specific disorders might be modulated by the gut microbiota, either through a local (direct pancreatic influence) or in a remote (nonpancreatic) fashion. In this Perspectives, we examine literature implicating microorganisms in diseases of the pancreas, specifically pancreatitis, type 1 diabetes mellitus and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. We also discuss evidence of an inherent pancreatic microbiota and the influence of the intestinal microbiota as it relates to disease association and development. In doing so, we address pitfalls in the current literature and areas of investigation that are needed to advance a developing field of research that has clinical potential to reduce the societal burden of pancreatic diseases.

中文翻译：

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胰腺健康和疾病中的微生物群：微生物组研究的下一个前沿。

胰腺固有的疾病，如胰腺炎、胰腺癌和 1 型糖尿病给社会带来了巨大的健康和经济负担，但发现导致这些病理的新机制的进展缓慢。一个新的研究领域表明，胰腺特异性疾病可能受到肠道微生物群的调节，无论是通过局部（直接胰腺影响）还是以远程（非胰腺）方式。在本期展望中，我们研究了有关微生物与胰腺疾病，特别是胰腺炎、1 型糖尿病和胰腺导管腺癌有关的文献。我们还讨论了固有胰腺微生物群的证据以及肠道微生物群对疾病关联和发展的影响。在这样做，