Li₂ZrO₃-modified LiNi_0.5Mn_0.5O₂ materials with improved electrochemical performance were directly synthesized by a simple mechanical milling route with ZrO₂, Li₂CO₃ and Ni_0.5Mn_0.5(OH)₂ precursors and a high temperature calcination in air atmosphere. The influences of ZrO₂ contents on the microstructures and electrochemical properties of LiNi_0.5Mn_0.5O₂ electrode materials were investigated through X-Ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectroscopy and electrochemical tests. The results showed that ZrO₂ can be completely converted into Li₂ZrO₃ in the form of a coating layer covering the surface of LiNi_0.5Mn_0.5O₂ after a heat treatment process. Li₂ZrO₃ coating can be formed and dispersed homogenously on the surface of 1 mol% Li₂ZrO₃-modified LiNi_0.5Mn_0.5O₂ materials. The electrochemical tests confirmed 1 mol% Li₂ZrO₃-modified LiNi_0.5Mn_0.5O₂ materials exhibited the best discharge capacity of 158.3 mAh g⁻¹ after 100 cycles between 2.75 and 4.35 V at 0.2 C, with an excellent capacity retention of 97.2% and higher discharge capacity at −20 °C than that of the pristine LiNi_0.5Mn_0.5O₂. The enhanced cycling stability and low temperature performance may be attributed to the remarkable synergistic effects of Li₂ZrO₃ protective layer and its homogeneous distribution on LiNi_0.5Mn_0.5O₂ surface with low Li/Ni cation mixing, high electric conductivity and good structure stability.

中文翻译：

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利用锂离子电池的机械研磨路线轻松合成Li 2 ZrO 3改性的LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.5 O 2正极材料

采用ZrO ₂，Li ₂ CO ₃和Ni _0.5 Mn _0.5（OH）₂前驱体并通过高温煅烧，通过简单的机械研磨路线直接合成了具有改善电化学性能的Li ₂ ZrO ₃改性的LiNi _0.5 Mn _0.5 O ₂材料。大气。ZrO ₂含量对LiNi _0.5 Mn _0.5 O _2的组织和电化学性能的影响通过X射线衍射，扫描电子显微镜，能量色散光谱和电化学测试研究了电极材料。结果表明，经过热处理后，ZrO ₂可以以覆盖LiNi _0.5 Mn _0.5 O ₂表面的涂层形式完全转化为Li ₂ ZrO ₃。Li ₂ ZrO ₃涂层可以形成并均匀地分散在1mol％的Li ₂ ZrO ₃改性的LiNi _0.5 Mn _0.5 O ₂材料的表面上。电化学测试证实1 mol％Li₂ ZrO ₃改性的LiNi _0.5 Mn _0.5 O ₂材料在2.75和4.35 V之间在0.2 C的100个循环后表现出158.3 mAh g ^-1的最佳放电容量，出色的容量保持率达97.2％，在-20时具有更高的放电容量°C高于原始LiNi _0.5 Mn _0.5 O _2的温度。增强的循环稳定性和低温性能可能归因于Li ₂ ZrO ₃保护层的显着协同作用及其在LiNi _0.5 Mn _0.5 O ₂上的均匀分布 Li / Ni阳离子混合少，导电率高，结构稳定性好的表面。