Fluorescent biomarkers demonstrate prospects for spreadable vaccines to control disease transmission in wild bats.,Nature Ecology & Evolution

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Fluorescent biomarkers demonstrate prospects for spreadable vaccines to control disease transmission in wild bats.
Nature Ecology & Evolution ( IF 13.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-18 , DOI: 10.1038/s41559-019-1032-x
Kevin M Bakker _{1,

2} , Tonie E Rocke ₃ , Jorge E Osorio ₄ , Rachel C Abbott ₃ , Carlos Tello ₅ , Jorge E Carrera ₆ , William Valderrama _{5,

7} , Carlos Shiva ₈ , Nestor Falcon ₈ , Daniel G Streicker _{1,

9}

Affiliation

Vaccines that autonomously transfer among individuals have been proposed as a strategy to control infectious diseases within inaccessible wildlife populations. However, rates of vaccine spread and epidemiological efficacy in real-world systems remain elusive. Here, we investigate whether topical vaccines that transfer among individuals through social contacts can control vampire bat rabies-a medically and economically important zoonosis in Latin America. Field experiments in three Peruvian bat colonies, which used fluorescent biomarkers as a proxy for the bat-to-bat transfer and ingestion of an oral vaccine, revealed that vaccine transfer would increase population-level immunity up to 2.6 times beyond the same effort using conventional, non-spreadable vaccines. Mathematical models showed that observed levels of vaccine transfer would reduce the probability, size and duration of rabies outbreaks, even at low but realistically achievable levels of vaccine application. Models further predicted that existing vaccines provide substantial advantages over culling bats-the policy currently implemented in North, Central and South America. Linking field studies with biomarkers to mathematical models can inform how spreadable vaccines may combat pathogens of health and conservation concern before costly investments in vaccine design and testing.

中文翻译：

荧光生物标志物展示了可传播疫苗控制野生蝙蝠疾病传播的前景。

已提出在个体之间自主传播的疫苗作为控制难以接触的野生动物种群内传染病的策略。然而，现实世界系统中疫苗的传播率和流行病学功效仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们研究通过社会接触在个体之间传播的局部疫苗是否可以控制吸血蝙蝠狂犬病——拉丁美洲的一种在医学和经济上都很重要的人畜共患病。在三个秘鲁蝙蝠群落中进行的现场实验，使用荧光生物标记物作为蝙蝠之间的转移和口服疫苗摄入的代理，结果表明，与使用传统疫苗进行相同努力相比，疫苗转移可将群体水平的免疫力提高 2.6 倍。，非传播性疫苗。数学模型表明，观察到的疫苗转移水平将减少狂犬病爆发的概率、规模和持续时间，即使疫苗应用水平较低但实际上可以实现。模型进一步预测，现有疫苗比目前在北美洲、中美洲和南美洲实施的扑杀蝙蝠政策具有显着优势。将现场研究与生物标记物与数学模型联系起来，可以在对疫苗设计和测试进行昂贵投资之前，了解可传播疫苗如何对抗健康和保护问题的病原体。

更新日期：2019-11-18

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