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The regulation of hepatic fatty acid synthesis and partitioning: the effect of nutritional state.
Nature Reviews Endocrinology ( IF 31.0 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-01 , DOI: 10.1038/s41574-019-0256-9 Leanne Hodson 1, 2 , Pippa J Gunn 1, 2
Nature Reviews Endocrinology ( IF 31.0 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-01 , DOI: 10.1038/s41574-019-0256-9 Leanne Hodson 1, 2 , Pippa J Gunn 1, 2
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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasing global public health burden. NAFLD is strongly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity and cardiovascular disease and begins with intrahepatic triacylglycerol accumulation. Under healthy conditions, the liver regulates lipid metabolism to meet systemic energy needs in the fed and fasted states. The processes of fatty acid uptake, fatty acid synthesis and the intracellular partitioning of fatty acids into storage, oxidation and secretion pathways are tightly regulated. When one or more of these processes becomes dysregulated, excess lipid accumulation can occur. Although genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in the development of NAFLD, it remains unclear why an imbalance in these pathways begins. The regulation of fatty acid partitioning occurs at several points, including during triacylglycerol synthesis, lipid droplet formation and lipolysis. These processes are influenced by enzyme function, intake of dietary fats and sugars and whole-body metabolism, and are further affected by the presence of obesity or insulin resistance. Insight into how the liver controls fatty acid metabolism in health and how these processes might be affected in disease would offer the potential for new therapeutic treatments for NAFLD to be developed.
中文翻译：
肝脏脂肪酸合成和分配的调节：营养状态的影响。
非酒精性脂肪肝疾病（NAFLD）是全球公共健康负担日益增加的问题。NAFLD与2型糖尿病，肥胖症和心血管疾病密切相关，并始于肝内三酰甘油蓄积。在健康条件下，肝脏调节脂类代谢以满足进食和禁食状态下的全身能量需求。脂肪酸摄取，脂肪酸合成和脂肪酸在细胞内分配进入储存，氧化和分泌途径的过程受到严格调节。当这些过程中的一个或多个变得失调时，可能会发生过多的脂质积聚。尽管遗传和环境因素已牵涉到NAFLD的发展中，但仍不清楚为什么这些途径开始失衡。脂肪酸分配的调节发生在几个点，包括在三酰基甘油合成，脂质液滴形成和脂解过程中。这些过程受酶功能，膳食脂肪和糖的摄入以及全身代谢的影响，并且进一步受到肥胖或胰岛素抵抗的影响。深入了解肝脏如何控制健康中的脂肪酸代谢以及这些过程如何在疾病中受到影响，将为开发新的NAFLD治疗方法提供潜力。
更新日期：2019-09-26
中文翻译：
肝脏脂肪酸合成和分配的调节：营养状态的影响。
非酒精性脂肪肝疾病（NAFLD）是全球公共健康负担日益增加的问题。NAFLD与2型糖尿病，肥胖症和心血管疾病密切相关，并始于肝内三酰甘油蓄积。在健康条件下，肝脏调节脂类代谢以满足进食和禁食状态下的全身能量需求。脂肪酸摄取，脂肪酸合成和脂肪酸在细胞内分配进入储存，氧化和分泌途径的过程受到严格调节。当这些过程中的一个或多个变得失调时，可能会发生过多的脂质积聚。尽管遗传和环境因素已牵涉到NAFLD的发展中，但仍不清楚为什么这些途径开始失衡。脂肪酸分配的调节发生在几个点，包括在三酰基甘油合成，脂质液滴形成和脂解过程中。这些过程受酶功能，膳食脂肪和糖的摄入以及全身代谢的影响，并且进一步受到肥胖或胰岛素抵抗的影响。深入了解肝脏如何控制健康中的脂肪酸代谢以及这些过程如何在疾病中受到影响，将为开发新的NAFLD治疗方法提供潜力。
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