Access to urban green and blue spaces (UGBSs) has been associated with positive effects on health and wellbeing; however, the past decades have seen a decline in quality and user satisfaction with UGBSs. This reflects the mounting challenges that many UK cities face in providing appropriate public facilities, alongside issues such as health inequalities, an ageing population, climate change, and loss of biodiversity. At present, little is known about the preferences of different population subgroups and, specifically, the UGBSs they visit and the spaces they avoid. Using a public participatory geographic information system (PPGIS), the overall aim of the research presented here was to investigate the preferences of different population subgroups in urban areas, and the UGBSs they visit, using Edinburgh, Scotland as a case study. We created a baseline visitor demographic profile for UGBS use, and highlighted how visitors perceive, physically access, use, and engage with UGBSs. The results revealed considerable variation in UGBS preference: one person’s favourite UGBS may be one that someone else dislikes and avoids. It is clear that adapting UGBSs to suit local communities should not be a ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach. The conflicting views and preferences of different groups of respondents point to the importance of developing policies and park management plans that can accommodate a variety of uses and experiential qualities within individual parks. PPGIS approaches, such as those utilised in this study, offer opportunities to address this issue and provide evidence to increase equitable UGBS usage.

中文翻译：

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你最喜欢的公园不是我最喜欢的公园：改善城市绿色和蓝色空间的参与式地理信息系统方法——苏格兰爱丁堡的案例研究

使用城市绿色和蓝色空间 (UGBS) 对健康和福祉具有积极影响；然而，过去几十年，UGBS 的质量和用户满意度有所下降。这反映出许多英国城市在提供适当的公共设施方面面临着日益严峻的挑战，此外还面临健康不平等、人口老龄化、气候变化和生物多样性丧失等问题。目前，人们对不同人群的偏好知之甚少，特别是他们访问的 UGBS 和他们避开的空间。本研究的总体目标是使用公众参与地理信息系统 (PPGIS)，以苏格兰爱丁堡为案例研究，调查城市地区不同人口亚群的偏好以及他们访问的 UGBS。我们为 UGBS 使用创建了基线访客人口统计资料，并强调了访客如何感知、实际访问、使用和参与 UGBS。结果揭示了 UGBS 偏好的巨大差异：一个人最喜欢的 UGBS 可能是其他人不喜欢和避免的。显然，调整 UGBS 来适应当地社区不应该是一种“一刀切”的方法。不同受访者群体的相互冲突的观点和偏好表明制定政策和公园管理计划的重要性，以适应各个公园内的各种用途和体验质量。 PPGIS 方法（例如本研究中使用的方法）为解决这一问题提供了机会，并为增加 UGBS 的公平使用提供了证据。