High-fat diet (HFD) has been associated with certain negative bone-related outcomes, such as bone metabolism disruption and bone loss. Sciadonic acid (SC), one of the main nutritional and functional components of Torreya grandis seed oil, is a unique Δ5-unsaturated-polymethylene-interrupted fatty acid (Δ5-UPIFA) that has been claimed to counteract such disorders owing to some of its physiological effects. However, the role of SC in ameliorating bone metabolism disorders due to HFD remains unclear. In the present investigation, we observed that SC modulates the OPG/RANKL/RANK signaling pathway by modifying the lipid metabolic state and decreasing inflammation in mice. In turn, it could balance bone resorption and formation as well as calcium and phosphorus levels, enhance bone strength and bone mineral density (BMD), and improve its microstructure. In addition, SC could inhibit fat vacuoles in bone, reverse the phenomenon of reduced numbers and poor continuity of bone trabeculae, and promote orderly arrangement of collagen fibers and cartilage repair. This study provides some theoretical basis for SC as a dietary intervention agent to enhance bone nutrition.

中文翻译：

---

山楂酸减轻高脂饮食引起的小鼠骨代谢紊乱

高脂肪饮食（HFD）与某些与骨骼相关的负面结果有关，例如骨代谢紊乱和骨质流失。雪松酸 (SC) 是香榧籽油的主要营养和功能成分之一，是一种独特的 Δ5-不饱和多亚甲基间断脂肪酸 (Δ5-UPIFA)，据称可以对抗此类疾病，因为它的一些生理效应。然而，SC 在改善 HFD 引起的骨代谢紊乱中的作用仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们观察到 SC 通过改变小鼠的脂质代谢状态和减少炎症来调节 OPG/RANKL/RANK 信号通路。反过来，它可以平衡骨吸收和形成以及钙和磷水平，增强骨强度和骨矿物质密度（BMD），并改善其微观结构。此外，SC还能抑制骨内脂肪空泡，扭转骨小梁数量减少、连续性差的现象，促进胶原纤维有序排列和软骨修复。本研究为SC作为膳食干预剂增强骨营养提供了一定的理论依据。