Ferroelectric materials, the charge equivalent of magnets, have been the subject of continued research interest since their discovery more than 100 years ago. The spontaneous electric polarization in these crystals, which is non-volatile and programmable, is appealing for a range of information technologies. However, while magnets have found their way into various types of modern information technology hardware, applications of ferroelectric materials that use their ferroelectric properties are still limited. Recent advances in ferroelectric materials with wurtzite and fluorite structure have renewed enthusiasm and offered new opportunities for their deployment in commercial-scale devices in microelectronics hardware. This Review focuses on the most recent and emerging wurtzite-structured ferroelectric materials and emphasizes their applications in memory and storage-based microelectronic hardware. Relevant comparisons with existing fluorite-structured ferroelectric materials are made and a detailed outlook on ferroelectric materials and devices applications is provided.

铁电材料，相当于磁铁的电荷，自 100 多年前被发现以来一直是人们持续研究兴趣的主题。这些晶体中的自发电极化具有非易失性和可编程性，对一系列信息技术具有吸引力。然而，虽然磁铁已经进入各种类型的现代信息技术硬件，但利用其铁电特性的铁电材料的应用仍然有限。具有纤锌矿和萤石结构的铁电材料的最新进展重新激发了人们的热情，并为它们在微电子硬件的商业规模设备中的部署提供了新的机会。本综述侧重于最新和新兴的纤锌矿结构铁电材料，并强调它们在基于存储器和存储的微电子硬件中的应用。与现有的萤石结构铁电材料进行了相关比较，并对铁电材料和器件的应用进行了详细展望。