Green moulding sands containing special carbonaceous additives, which are the source of lustrous carbon (LC), are discussed in this paper. Five potential lustrous carbon carriers, i.e., two types of hard coal dust (No.1 and No.2), amorphous graphite (No.3) and two hydrocarbon resins (No.4 and No.5), were selected for tests as carbonaceous additives to conventional moulding sands. To better emphasize the differences in the additives used, reference green moulding sand (GMS1) was prepared and subjected to a wide range of basic tests focussed on technological parameters, such as permeability (P^w), friability (F^w), Dietert mouldability test (P_D) and compactability (Z) and mechanical parameters, such as compressive strength (R_c^w), tensile strength (R_m^w), strength in the transformation zone (R_k^w). The proposed comprehensive spectrum of tests was repeated on sands with five carbonaceous additives. The most important for the use of additives as carbon carriers was to interrelate the content of lustrous carbon (LC), loss on ignition (LOI) and the obtained results of mechanical and technological tests carried out on conventional moulding sands with the surface quality of iron castings. For this purpose, a series of iron castings was made in the prepared moulding sands and used for the assessment of surface quality based on a number of roughness parameters (Ra, Rz, Rp, Rq, Rv, Rlr, RSm). As a result of the studies it was found that the carbonaceous additives proposed for use help to obtain high-quality surfaces in iron castings.

本文讨论了含有特殊碳质添加剂的绿色型砂，这些添加剂是有光泽的碳 (LC) 的来源。选择了五种潜在的有光泽碳载体，即两种硬煤尘（No.1和No.2）、无定形石墨（No.3）和两种烃树脂（No.4和No.5）进行测试，作为常规型砂的碳质添加剂。为了更好地强调所用添加剂的差异，制备了参考生型砂 (GMS1) 并对其进行了广泛的基本测试，这些测试侧重于技术参数，例如渗透性 (P ^w )、脆碎性 (F ^w )、Dieert 成型性测试(P _D ) 和压实性 (Z) 和机械参数，例如抗压强度 (R _c ^w), 抗拉强度 (R _m ^w ), 转变区强度 (R _k ^w）。在含有五种含碳添加剂的沙子上重复了所提议的综合测试范围。使用添加剂作为碳载体最重要的是将有光泽碳 (LC) 的含量、烧失量 (LOI) 以及在常规型砂上进行的机械和技术测试所获得的结果与铁的表面质量相关联铸件。为此，在准备好的型砂中制作了一系列铸铁铸件，并用于根据许多粗糙度参数（Ra、Rz、Rp、Rq、Rv、Rlr、RSm）评估表面质量。研究结果发现，建议使用的含碳添加剂有助于在铸铁件中获得高质量的表面。