Nanobiotechnology approaches to engineering crops with enhanced stress tolerance may be a safe and sustainable strategy to increase crop yield. Under stress conditions, cellular redox homeostasis is disturbed, resulting in the over-accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damage biomolecules (lipids, proteins and DNA) and inhibit crop growth and yield. Delivering ROS-scavenging nanomaterials to plants has been shown to alleviate abiotic stress. Here we review the current state of knowledge of using ROS-scavenging nanomaterials to enhance plant stress tolerance. When present below a threshold level, ROS can mediate redox signalling and defence pathways that foster plant acclimatization against stress. We find that ROS-triggering nanomaterials, such as nanoparticulate silver and copper oxide, have the potential to be judiciously applied to crop species to stimulate the defence system, prime stress responses and subsequently increase the stress resistance of crops.

用纳米生物技术方法改造具有增强抗逆性的作物可能是提高作物产量的安全和可持续的策略。在胁迫条件下，细胞氧化还原稳态受到干扰，导致活性氧 (ROS) 过度积累，从而损害生物分子（脂质、蛋白质和 DNA）并抑制作物生长和产量。向植物输送 ROS 清除纳米材料已被证明可以减轻非生物胁迫。在这里，我们回顾了使用 ROS 清除纳米材料增强植物抗逆性的知识现状。当低于阈值水平时，ROS 可以介导氧化还原信号和防御途径，促进植物适应压力。我们发现触发 ROS 的纳米材料，如纳米颗粒银和氧化铜，