Floods can be caused by heavy rainfall and the consequent overflow of rivers, causing low-lying areas to be affected. Populated regions close to riverbeds are the sectors most affected by these disasters, which requires modelling studies to generate different scenarios. The work focuses on the bibliometric analysis of the search for topics such as flood modelling focused on the research, risk, and assessment of these catastrophes, aiming to determine new trends and tools for their application in the prevention of these natural disasters. The methodology consists of: (i) search criteria and database selection, (ii) pre-processing of the selected data and software, and iii) analysis and interpretation of the results. The results show a wide range of studies for dimensional analysis in different flood scenarios, which greatly benefit the development of flood prevention and risk strategies. In addition, this work provides insight into the different types of software and modelling for flood analysis and simulation and the various trends and applications for future modelling.

中文翻译：

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洪水模型：探索性分析和研究趋势

洪水可能是由强降雨和随之而来的河流泛滥引起的，导致低洼地区受到影响。靠近河床的人口稠密地区是受这些灾害影响最大的部门，这需要建模研究来生成不同的情景。这项工作的重点是对诸如洪水建模等主题的文献计量分析，这些主题侧重于这些灾难的研究、风险和评估，旨在确定它们在预防这些自然灾害中的应用的新趋势和工具。该方法包括：(i) 搜索标准和数据库选择，(ii) 所选数据和软件的预处理，以及 iii) 结果的分析和解释。结果表明，对不同洪水情景中的维度分析进行了广泛的研究，极大地有利于防汛防险战略的制定。此外，这项工作提供了对洪水分析和模拟的不同类型的软件和建模以及未来建模的各种趋势和应用的深入了解。