As a β-stimulant, clenbuterol (CLB) is abused to varying degrees by athletes worldwide. It is also used in the meat and dairy industries. CLB inadvertently enters the human body through the food chain, endangering human health. Therefore, a rapid and convenient method for detecting CLB is needed. In this study, nanocarbon-supported NiFe₂O₄ electrode materials (NiFe₂O₄–NPCs) were synthesized, and an electrochemical sensor (NiFe₂O₄–NPCs/GCE) for CLB detection was fabricated. NiFe₂O₄–NPCs have good electrical conductivity, electrocatalytic activity, and high electrical flux, owing to their large specific surface area and the anti-spinel structure of NiFe₂O₄. The fabricated sensor is an effective detector of CLB. The sensor exhibits linear ranges of 10⁻⁷–10⁻⁵ M and 7 × 10⁻¹¹–10⁻⁷ M and a limit of detection (LOD) of 3.03 × 10⁻¹² M (S/N = 3). The sensor also exhibits good sensitivities of 3.264 μA μM⁻¹ cm⁻² and 0.751 μA μM⁻¹ cm⁻² (S/N = 3). Additionally, NiFe₂O₄–NPCs/GCE successfully detected CLB in real samples of human urine. Thus, this study highlights the potential of the NiFe₂O₄–NPCs/GCE sensor for the detection of CLB in biological samples.

作为一种 β-兴奋剂，瘦肉精 (CLB) 被世界各地的运动员不同程度地滥用。它也用于肉类和乳制品行业。CLB不经意间通过食物链进入人体，危害人体健康。因此，需要一种快速简便的检测CLB的方法。本研究合成了纳米碳负载的NiFe ₂ O ₄电极材料（NiFe ₂ O ₄ -NPCs），并制作了用于CLB检测的电化学传感器（NiFe ₂ O ₄ -NPCs/GCE）。镍铁₂ O ₄-NPCs由于其较大的比表面积和NiFe ₂ O ₄的反尖晶石结构而具有良好的导电性、电催化活性和高电通量。制造的传感器是CLB的有效检测器。该传感器的线性范围为 10 ^-7 –10 ^-5  M 和 7 × 10 ^-11 –10 ^-7  M，检测限 (LOD) 为 3.03 × 10 ^-12  M (S/N = 3)。该传感器还表现出良好的灵敏度，分别为 3.264 μA μM ^-1  cm ^-2和 0.751 μA μM ^-1  cm ^-2 (S/N = 3)。此外，NiFe ₂ O ₄–NPCs/GCE 成功检测到真实人尿样本中的 CLB。因此，本研究强调了 NiFe ₂ O ₄ -NPCs/GCE 传感器在检测生物样品中 CLB 的潜力。