Cold spray has recently emerged as a promising new technology for various coating, additive manufacturing, and on-site repair needs. One key challenge underlying cold spray is the proper simulation of the deposition process, for which numerous numerical studies have been carried out, but often fail to consider the interfacial adhesion. In this study, a new numerical approach on the base of peridynamics (PD) was developed to incorporate interfacial interactions as a part of the constitutive model to capture deformation, bonding, and rebound of impacting particles in one unified framework. Two models were proposed to characterize the adhesive contacts, i.e., a long-range Lenard-Johns type potential and a force-stretch relation of the interface directly derived from fracture properties of the bulk material. Using copper as the sample material, the deformation behaviors simulated by the PD-based approach were found to compare well with those from benchmark finite element method simulations. It was further demonstrated that this PD-based approach allows flexibility to realize different deposition scenarios, such as particle-substrate bonding and separation, by modulating adhesion energies. The approach provides a new numerical framework for more realistic cold spray impact simulations.

冷喷涂最近已成为一种有前途的新技术，可满足各种涂层、增材制造和现场维修需求。冷喷涂的一个关键挑战是沉积过程的正确模拟，对此进行了大量的数值研究，但往往未能考虑界面粘附。在这项研究中，开发了一种基于近场动力学（PD）的新数值方法，将界面相互作用作为本构模型的一部分，以在一个统一的框架中捕获冲击颗粒的变形、粘合和反弹。提出了两个模型来表征粘合接触，即长程 Lenard-Johns 型电势和直接从块体材料的断裂特性导出的界面的力-拉伸关系。使用铜作为样品材料，基于 PD 的方法模拟的变形行为与基准有限元方法模拟的变形行为非常吻合。进一步证明，这种基于 PD 的方法可以通过调节粘附能灵活地实现不同的沉积场景，例如颗粒与基底的粘合和分离。该方法为更真实的冷喷涂冲击模拟提供了新的数值框架。