A novel amphoteric asphalt emulsifier of octadecylbis(propanamide)-(3’-sodium phosphate-2’-hydroxypropyl)ammonium chloride was synthesised from the raw materials octadecylamine, acrylamide, epichlorohydrin and sodium dihydrogen phosphate. The tertiary amine octadecyl-bis(propanamide) was synthesised from octadecylamine and acrylamide (step 1). Sodium 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl phosphate (intermediate) was obtained from epichlorohydrin and sodium dihydrogen phosphate (step 2). The asphalt emulsifier was obtained from octadecyl-bis(propanamide)-tertiary amine and the intermediate by quaternisation reaction (step 3). The yield of the final product reached 94.90%. The structure was identified by FTIR, 1H-NMR and elemental analysis. The critical micelle concentration of the product is 1.46 × 10–5 mol L–1. The surface tension at CMC is 37.78 mN ν–1. The saturated adsorption amount of asphalt emulsifier is 2.72 × 10–3 mmol ν–2. The occupied area per asphalt emulsifier molecule at CMC is 0.611 nm2 mol–1. The surfactant is a fast-setting asphalt emulsifier.

中文翻译：

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两性沥青乳化剂的合成与表征

以十八烷基胺、丙烯酰胺、环氧氯丙烷、磷酸二氢钠为原料，合成了十八烷基双（丙酰胺）-（3'-磷酸钠-2'-羟丙基）氯化铵的新型两性沥青乳化剂。叔胺十八烷基-双（丙酰胺）由十八胺和丙烯酰胺合成（步骤 1）。由表氯醇和磷酸二氢钠（步骤 2）获得 3-氯-2-羟丙基磷酸钠（中间体）。沥青乳化剂由十八烷基-双(丙酰胺)-叔胺和中间体通过季铵化反应(步骤3)获得。最终产品的收率达到94.90%。结构由 FTIR 鉴定，1H-NMR和元素分析。产品的临界胶束浓度为 1.46 × 10–5摩尔升–1. CMC 处的表面张力为 37.78 mN ν–1. 沥青乳化剂的饱和吸附量为2.72×10–3毫摩尔ν–2. CMC 处每个沥青乳化剂分子的占有面积为 0.611 nm2摩尔–1. 表面活性剂是一种速凝沥青乳化剂。