In the drylands of Northern Mendoza, Argentina, water supply depends on rivers and groundwater. Climate change makes this region vulnerable due to the snow-glacial-melt regime of the main rivers and populations being concentrated in “irrigated oasis” areas. This article synthesizes hydrogeological knowledge of Northern Mendoza, from the Andes to the eastern plains. The study collected hydrogeological information (published and unpublished) from 1974 to 2020 and analyzed the groundwater situation in the context of climate change. Northern Mendoza comprises fractured and clastic aquifers. Hydrogeological studies (mainly technical reports from the 1980s and 1990s) focused on clastic aquifers to support agricultural activities. These studies included general hydrochemical characterization and localized contamination surveys. Also, they included estimations of groundwater reserves and hydraulic parameters. The hydrogeology of mountain and foothill areas is mostly unknown. Further work is needed: quantification of groundwater resources, surveys of contamination and overexploitation of the confined and unconfined aquifers, better understanding of the surface-water/groundwater interaction, and an efficient monitoring network. The lack of updated information and a sustainable groundwater management strategy in irrigated areas has created legal conflicts among groundwater users, pollution problems, and high pressure on this finite resource. Besides, the poor current groundwater knowledge limits the regional economic development and the enforcement of protection measures against water contamination and overexploitation. Although the impacts of climate change on groundwater resources are globally uncertain, the adaptation to this change requires an improvement in the understanding of groundwater, professionalization of its management, and incorporation of technological advances in hydrogeology issues and water uses.

在阿根廷门多萨北部的旱地，供水依赖于河流和地下水。由于主要河流的冰雪融化机制和人口集中在“灌溉绿洲”地区，气候变化使该地区变得脆弱。本文综合了从安第斯山脉到东部平原的北门多萨的水文地质知识。该研究收集了 1974 年至 2020 年的水文地质信息（已发表和未发表），并分析了气候变化背景下的地下水状况。北门多萨包括断裂和碎屑含水层。水文地质研究（主要是 1980 年代和 1990 年代的技术报告）侧重于支持农业活动的碎屑含水层。这些研究包括一般水化学表征和局部污染调查。还，其中包括对地下水储量和水力参数的估计。山区和山麓地区的水文地质大多是未知的。需要进一步开展工作：地下水资源的量化、承压和非承压含水层的污染和过度开采调查、更好地了解地表水/地下水相互作用以及有效的监测网络。灌溉区缺乏更新的信息和可持续的地下水管理战略，造成了地下水使用者之间的法律冲突、污染问题以及对这一有限资源的高压。此外，目前对地下水的认识不足，限制了区域经济发展和防止水污染和过度开采的保护措施的执行。