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The Role of Bots in the Disinformation Process in Brazilian Politics between 2014 and 2018
Libri ( IF 0.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-12-01 , DOI: 10.1515/libri-2020-0071
Célio Santana 1 , Amanda Nunes 1 , Fabio Silva 1
Affiliation  

This paper presents the participation of bots in the process of disinformation in the Brazilian political/electoral scenario between 2014 and 2018. The justification for this research was the growth of ideological polarization and the emergence of hate speech linked to political positioning that culminated in a massive campaign of disinformation, evidenced by fake news and other forms of manipulation. In this research multiple case studies were used referring to three moments: the 2014 elections, the 2016 impeachment and the 2018 election. We found studies investigating these events, and they were used as data sources for analysis of the conjuncture and the interpretation of these facts in a chronological perspective pointed toward the role of bots and the results of such actions. It has been observed that the use of bots has occurred since 2014; however, they were only engaged in propagating false content from 2015. The automation of the messages was sophisticated between 2014 and 2018, when bots ceased to be players who replicated posts indiscriminately (spam) to become users’ catalysts with the intention of creating or expanding new bubbles of disinformation. Finally, we observed that the same botnet active in Brazil was also involved in electoral processes around the world, making Brazil simply one more piece in this grand network of disinformation where who is involved and what their purpose might be is not known.

中文翻译:

2014 年至 2018 年间,机器人在巴西政治虚假信息过程中的作用

本文介绍了 2014 年至 2018 年间巴西政治/选举情景中机器人参与虚假信息的过程。这项研究的理由是意识形态两极分化的增长以及与政治立场相关的仇恨言论的出现,最终导致大规模虚假信息活动,以假新闻和其他形式的操纵为证。在这项研究中,多个案例研究涉及三个时刻:2014 年选举、2016 年弹劾和 2018 年选举。我们发现了调查这些事件的研究,它们被用作分析形势的数据源,并从时间顺序的角度解释这些事实,指出了机器人的作用和这些行动的结果。据观察,自 2014 年以来出现了机器人的使用;然而,他们从 2015 年开始只从事传播虚假内容。消息的自动化在 2014 年至 2018 年期间变得复杂,当时机器人不再是不分青红皂白地复制帖子(垃圾邮件)的玩家,成为用户的催化剂,目的是创建或扩展虚假信息的新泡沫。最后,我们观察到活跃在巴西的同一个僵尸网络也参与了世界各地的选举进程,这使得巴西只是这个庞大的虚假信息网络中的一个组成部分,而谁参与其中,他们的目的可能是什么都不得而知。当机器人不再是不分青红皂白地复制帖子(垃圾邮件)以成为用户催化剂的玩家,其目的是制造或扩大新的虚假信息泡沫。最后,我们观察到活跃在巴西的同一个僵尸网络也参与了世界各地的选举进程,这使得巴西只是这个庞大的虚假信息网络中的一个组成部分,而谁参与其中,他们的目的可能是什么都不得而知。当机器人不再是不分青红皂白地复制帖子(垃圾邮件)以成为用户催化剂的玩家,其目的是制造或扩大新的虚假信息泡沫。最后,我们观察到活跃在巴西的同一个僵尸网络也参与了世界各地的选举进程,这使得巴西只是这个庞大的虚假信息网络中的一个组成部分,而谁参与其中,他们的目的可能是什么都不得而知。
更新日期:2021-12-01
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