Abstract

Soil profile characterization using Vis-NIR and pXRF provides relatively quick measurements, and can be conducted in-situ. The objectives of this study were to i) characterize soil profiles along a catena using soil data and individual or combined Vis-NIR and pXRF data and ii) compare soil color, chemical properties, physical properties, weathering indices, elemental concentrations, Vis-NIR spectra, pXRF8 spectra, pXRF45 spectra, and combined data to determine useful variables for explaining soil variations along the catena using principal component analysis (PCA). Four soil profiles were described and sampled along a catena in the Central Anatolia Region, Eskişehir, Turkey. Soil samples were collected from delineated horizons and analyzed for the content of sand, silt, clay, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, soil organic matter (SOM), CaCO₃, and scanned by Vis-NIR (350–2500 nm) and pXRF (0–8 kV and 0–45 kV) spectrometers. The soil profiles were described as Lithic Xeropsamments, Typic Xeropsamments, and Typic Haploxerepts. It was found that color coordinates (R, G, B, L* and V), physical properties (silt and clay), chemical properties (EC, pH, and CaCO₃), weathering indices (SAF and DI), and elemental concentrations (Fe, Ca, K, Ti, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, and Ba) increased from P1 to P3 along the soil catena (summit to backslope) in both topsoil and subsoil. Soil depth, the thickness of soil horizons, and the darkness of soil color increased downslope along the catena. Soil physical properties such as sand, silt, and clay content were more useful variables to characterize soil variation along the catena than chemical properties such as EC, pH, SOM, and CaCO₃. We conclude that proximal soil sensors such as Vis-NIR and pXRF spectra can be successfully used for pedological characterization of young and developing soils along a catena.

中文翻译：

---

在土耳其西北部使用 pXRF 和 Vis-NIR 光谱法进行土壤链状表征

摘要

使用 Vis-NIR 和 pXRF 进行土壤剖面表征提供了相对快速的测量，并且可以在原位进行。本研究的目的是 i) 使用土壤数据以及单个或组合的 Vis-NIR 和 pXRF 数据来描述沿链的土壤剖面，以及 ii) 比较土壤颜色、化学性质、物理性质、风化指数、元素浓度、Vis-NIR光谱、pXRF8 光谱、pXRF45 光谱和组合数据，以确定有用的变量，用于使用主成分分析 (PCA) 解释沿链的土壤变化。在土耳其埃斯基谢希尔的安纳托利亚中部地区，沿链对四个土壤剖面进行了描述和取样。从划定的地平线收集土壤样品并分析沙子、淤泥、粘土、电导率 (EC)、pH、土壤有机质 (SOM)、CaCO 的含量₃，并通过 Vis-NIR (350–2500 nm) 和 pXRF (0–8 kV 和 0–45 kV) 光谱仪扫描。土壤剖面被描述为 Lithic Xeropsamments、Typic Xeropsamments 和 Typic Haploxerepts。发现颜色坐标（R、G、B、L*和 V）、物理性质（淤泥和粘土）、化学性质（EC、pH 和 CaCO ₃)、风化指数（SAF 和 DI）和元素浓度（Fe、Ca、K、Ti、Zn、Rb、Sr、Zr 和 Ba）在两个表土中沿土壤链（顶到后坡）从 P1 增加到 P3和底土。土层深度、土层厚度和土色暗度沿链状下坡增加。_{与 EC、pH、SOM 和 CaCO 3}等化学性质相比，土壤物理特性（如沙子、淤泥和粘土含量）是更有用的变量来表征沿链的土壤变化。我们得出结论，近端土壤传感器，如 Vis-NIR 和 pXRF 光谱可以成功地用于沿链的年轻和发育土壤的土壤学特征。