Limnoperna fortunei is an invasive mussel species that is continuously expanding through South American. It has five larval stages, which usually differ in tolerance to environmental factors. How different abiotic filters affect L. fortunei larval stages has not been studied in depth. We employed a detailed database describing five floodplain environments to investigate the distribution of L. fortunei larval stages within and among these environments and determine which local abiotic filters affect the density of each larval stage. We found that the two youngest larval stages accounted for up to 83% of the larval density in four of the five environments studied, confirming an expanding population pyramid of L. fortunei in these environments. We also found positive and negative relationships among abiotic filters, and these relationships affected, directly and indirectly, the density of the youngest larval stages. Turbidity, water level, and suspended inorganic matter directly decreased the density of the two youngest larval stages. Conversely, temperature and pH directly increased the density of D-shaped and umbonated stages, respectively. Additionally, water level indirectly increased the density of the youngest larval stages mediated by declines in turbidity and suspended inorganic matter. Our findings suggest a likely expansion of L. fortunei in the Upper Paraná Floodplain. However, local abiotic filters, such as turbidity, water level, and suspended inorganic matter, decrease the density of the youngest larval stages. This finding illustrates that the establishment of L. fortunei can be prevented mainly if the youngest larval stages are controlled.

Limnoperna Fortunei是一种侵入性贻贝物种，在南美洲不断扩张。它有五个幼虫阶段，通常对环境因素的耐受性不同。尚未深入研究不同的非生物过滤器如何影响L. Fortunei幼虫阶段。我们使用了一个描述五个洪泛区环境的详细数据库来调查L. Fortunei幼虫阶段在这些环境内和之间的分布，并确定哪些局部非生物过滤器影响每个幼虫阶段的密度。我们发现在所研究的五种环境中的四种环境中，两个最年轻的幼虫阶段占幼虫密度的 83%，证实了L. Fortunei 的人口金字塔不断扩大在这些环境中。我们还发现了非生物过滤器之间的正负关系，这些关系直接和间接地影响了最年轻幼虫阶段的密度。浊度、水位和悬浮无机物直接降低了两个最年轻幼虫阶段的密度。相反，温度和 pH 值分别直接增加了 D 形和 umbonated 阶段的密度。此外，水位间接增加了最年轻幼虫阶段的密度，这是由浊度和悬浮无机物质的下降介导的。我们的研究结果表明L. Fortunei的可能扩张在上巴拉那州洪泛区。然而，局部非生物过滤器，如浊度、水位和悬浮无机物，会降低最年轻幼虫阶段的密度。这一发现表明，如果控制最年轻的幼虫阶段，主要可以防止L. Fortunei的建立。