Alumina-based nanocrystalline powders with different ZrO₂ amounts were produced for the first time by hydrothermal synthesis in an alkaline environment for designing zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) composites. In ZTA composites, ZrO₂ solid solution particles codoped with ceria and yttria are distributed in a rigid Al₂O₃ matrix. To examine the physicochemical properties, 90 wt.% Al₂O₃–10 wt.% ZrO₂ (Y₂O₃, CeO₂) and 58.5 wt.% Al₂O₃–42.5 wt.% ZrO₂ (Y₂O₃, CeO₂) powders were used. The ZrO₂ solid solution had composition 90 mol.% ZrO₂–2 mol.% Y₂O₃–8 mol.% CeO₂. The hydrothermal powders were heat treated in the temperature range 400–1450°C and examined by X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, and electron microscopy. The powder specific surface area was determined by the BET method. The sizes of primary particles were determined with the Scherrer equation. The AMIC software (Automatic Microstructure Analyzer) was employed to process the morphology analysis results. The phase transformations and active sintering of the ZTA powders determined the dependences showing the sizes of primary particles and the specific surface area of the powders versus the heat treatment temperature. With higher ZrO₂ content, temperature of the F-ZrO₂ → T-ZrO₂ phase transformation decreased, the likelihood of M-ZrO₂ to emerge increased, and the sequence of Al₂O₃ phase transformations changed after the boehmite had decomposed. The variation in the morphology and specific surface area of the powders in the heat treatment process indicated that their sintering activity increased. The dependence of the shape factor characterizing the nanocrystalline 90AZG and 58.5AZG powders on the heat treatment temperature was studied. The starting nanosized 90AZG and 58.5AZG powders had a similar distribution of agglomerates according to the shape factor. Round agglomerates and multifaceted regular agglomerates were predominant. The way in which the shape factor of the agglomerates varied with temperature was associated with a topochemical memory effect manifested by the 90AZG and 58.5AZG powders were examined. With increasing ZrO₂ content, the microhardness of the ZTA composites decreased from 195 to 160 MPa, fracture toughness (KIc) increased from 6 to 8 MPa · m0.5, and Vickers hardness decreased from 8.3 to 5.6 GPa. The improvement in consolidation methods for ZTA composites will allow tool, structural, and functional ceramics with the required properties to be produced.

首次在碱性环境中通过水热合成制备了具有不同 ZrO ₂量的氧化铝基纳米晶粉末，用于设计氧化锆增韧氧化铝 (ZTA) 复合材料。在ZTA复合材料中，与氧化铈和氧化钇共掺杂的ZrO ₂固溶体颗粒分布在刚性Al ₂ O ₃基体中。为了检查物理化学性质，90 wt.% Al ₂ O ₃ –10 wt.% ZrO ₂ (Y ₂ O ₃ , CeO ₂ ) 和 58.5 wt.% Al ₂ O ₃ –42.5 wt.% ZrO ₂ (Y ₂ O ₃, CeO ₂ ) 粉末被使用。ZrO ₂固溶体的组成为 90 mol.% ZrO ₂ –2 mol.% Y ₂ O ₃ –8 mol.% CeO ₂. 水热粉末在 400-1450°C 的温度范围内进行热处理，并通过 X 射线衍射、差热分析和电子显微镜检查。粉末比表面积通过BET法测定。初级粒子的大小用谢乐方程确定。采用AMIC软件（Automatic Microstructure Analyzer）处理形态分析结果。ZTA 粉末的相变和活性烧结决定了初级粒子的尺寸和粉末的比表面积与热处理温度的相关性。随着 ZrO ₂含量的增加，F-ZrO ₂ → T-ZrO ₂相变的温度降低，M-ZrO₂出现增加，Al ₂ O ₃的序列勃姆石分解后相变发生了变化。热处理过程中粉末形态和比表面积的变化表明它们的烧结活性增加。研究了表征纳米晶 90AZG 和 58.5AZG 粉末的形状因子对热处理温度的依赖性。根据形状因子，起始纳米尺寸的 90AZG 和 58.5AZG 粉末具有相似的附聚物分布。圆形团块和多面规则团块占主导地位。附聚物的形状因子随温度变化的方式与由 90AZG 和 58.5AZG 粉末表现出的拓扑化学记忆效应相关联。随着 ZrO _{2 的}增加随着含量的增加，ZTA复合材料的显微硬度从195 MPa降低到160 MPa，断裂韧性（KIc）从6 MPa·m0.5提高到8 MPa·m0.5，维氏硬度从8.3 GPa降低到5.6 GPa。ZTA 复合材料固结方法的改进将允许生产具有所需性能的工具、结构和功能陶瓷。