The contamination with organic and inorganic pollutants changes significantly soil microbial community structure. These shifts indicate anthropogenic pressure and help to discover new possibilities for soil remediation. In this study, the microbial community structure of Spolic Technosols formed at the territory of a former industrial sludge reservoir near the Kamensk-Shakhtinsky (Southern Russia) was studied using a metagenomics approach. The studied soils contain high concentrations of heavy metals (HM) (up to 72,900 mg kg⁻¹) and 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (up to 6670 mg kg⁻¹). Its microbial communities demonstrate an excellent adaptability level reflected in their complexity and diversity. As shown by the high values of alpha diversity indices (Shannon values up to 10.1, Chao1 values from 1430 to 4273), instead of decreasing quantitatively and qualitatively on the systemic level, microbial communities tend to undergo complex redistribution. Regardless of contamination level, the share of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria was consistently high and varied from 20 to 50%. Following the results of the Mann–Whitney U test, there were significant changes of less abundant phyla. The abundance of oligotrophic bacteria from Gemmatimonadetes and Verrucomicrobia phyla and autotrophic bacteria (e.g., Nitrospira) decreased due to the high PAH’s level. And abundance of Firmicutes and amoebae-associated bacteria such as TM6 and soil Chlamydia increased in highly contaminated plots. In the Spolic Technosols studied, the influence of factors on the microbial community composition decreased from PAHs concentration to soil characteristics (organic carbon content) and phylum–phylum interactions. The high concentrations of HMs influenced weakly on the microbial community composition.

有机和无机污染物的污染显着改变了土壤微生物群落结构。这些变化表明人为压力，有助于发现土壤修复的新可能性。在这项研究中，使用宏基因组学方法研究了在 Kamensk-Shakhtinsky（俄罗斯南部）附近的前工业污泥库区域形成的 Spolic Technosols 的微生物群落结构。研究的土壤含有高浓度的重金属 (HM)（高达 72,900 mg kg ^-1）和 16 种优先多环芳烃（PAHs）（高达 6670 mg kg ^-1）。其微生物群落表现出优异的适应性水平，反映在其复杂性和多样性上。正如 alpha 多样性指数的高值（香农值高达 10.1，Chao1 值从 1430 到 4273）所示，微生物群落不会在系统水平上数量和质量下降，而是倾向于经历复杂的再分布。无论污染程度如何，放线菌和变形菌的比例一直很高，从 20% 到 50% 不等。根据 Mann-Whitney U 检验的结果，较不丰富的门发生了显着变化。由于高 PAH 水平，Gemmatimonadetes 和 Verrucomicrobia phyla 和自养细菌（例如 Nitrospira）的寡养细菌的丰度下降。在高度污染的地块中，厚壁菌门和阿米巴相关细菌（如 TM6 和土壤衣原体）的丰度增加。在研究的 Spolic Technosols 中，因素对微生物群落组成的影响从 PAHs 浓度下降到土壤特征（有机碳含量）和门-门相互作用。高浓度的 HMs 对微生物群落组成的影响较弱。