Background: Evaluation of plantar pressure in stroke patients is a parameter that could be used for monitoring and comparing how the timing of starting a rehabilitation program effects patient improvement. Methods: We performed the following clinical and functional evaluations: initial moment (T1), intermediate (T2), and final evaluation at one year (T3). At T1 we studied 100 stroke patients in two groups, A and B (each 50 patients). The first group, A, started rehabilitation in the first three months after having a stroke, and group B started after three months from the time of stroke. Due to the impediments observed during rehabilitation, we made biomechanic evaluation for two lots, I and II (each 25 patients). Assessment of the patient was carried out by clinical (neurologic examination), functional (using the Tinetti Functional Gait Assessment Test for classifying the gait), and biomechanical evaluation (maximal plantar pressure (Pmax), contact area (CA), and pressure distribution (COP)). Results: The Tinetti scale for gait had the following scores: for group A, from 1.34 at the initial moment (T1) to 10.64 at final evaluation (T3), and for group B, 3.08 at initial moment (T1) to 9 at final evaluation (T3). Distribution of COP in the left hemiparesis was uneven at T1 but evolved after rehabilitation. The right hemiparesis had uniform COP distribution even at T1, explained by motor dominance on the right side. CA and Pmax for lot I increased more than 100%, meaning that there is a possibility for favorable improvement if the patients start the rehabilitation program in the first three months after stroke. For lot II, increases of the parameters were less than lot I. Discussions: The recovery potential is higher for patients with right hemiparesis. Biomechanic evaluation showed diversity regarding compensatory mechanisms for the paretic and nonparetic lower limb. Conclusions: CA and Pmax are relevant assessments for evaluating the effects on timing of starting a rehabilitation program after a stroke.

中文翻译：

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中风康复中足部异常的足底压力和接触面积测量


背景：中风患者足底压力的评估是一个参数，可用于监测和比较开始康复计划的时间如何影响患者的改善。方法：我们进行了以下临床和功能评估：初始时刻（T1）、中间时刻（T2）和一年时的最终评估（T3）。在 T1 时，我们对 100 名中风患者进行了研究，分为 A 组和 B 组（每组 50 名患者）。第一组A在中风后的前三个月开始康复，B组在中风后三个月后开始康复。由于康复期间观察到的障碍，我们对 I 和 II 两批（每批 25 名患者）进行了生物力学评估。通过临床（神经系统检查）、功能（使用 Tinetti 功能步态评估测试对步态进行分类）和生物力学评估（最大足底压力 (Pmax)、接触面积 (CA) 和压力分布（缔约方会议））。结果：Tinetti步态量表得分如下：A组从初始时刻（T1）1.34到最终评估（T3）10.64；B组从初始时刻（T1）3.08到最终评估9评估（T3）。左侧偏瘫的 COP 分布在 T1 时不均匀，但在康复后发生变化。即使在 T1 时，右侧偏瘫也具有均匀的 COP 分布，这可以通过右侧运动优势来解释。第I批的CA和Pmax增加了100%以上，这意味着如果患者在中风后的前三个月开始康复计划，就有可能获得良好的改善。对于第 II 批，参数的增加小于第 I 批。 讨论：右侧偏瘫患者的恢复潜力更高。 生物力学评估显示瘫痪和非瘫痪下肢的代偿机制存在多样性。结论：CA 和 Pmax 是评估中风后开始康复计划时间影响的相关评估。