Tobacco is an annual cash crop widely cultivated over the world, which generally needs great amounts (N) of nitrogen to achieve the best yield and quality. However, with a view to sustainable and environmentally friendly agriculture, also for this crop, the reduction in N fertilization is a priority, but without negatively affecting the yield and quality of the cured product. Therefore, field experiments were conducted during 2002 and 2003 on light air-cured (Burley) tobacco at three different locations of the Campania region (Southern Italy) where high-quality light air-cured (Burley) tobacco is traditionally cultivated. At each location, the following six N fertilization treatments were compared with four replications (blocks): (i) a not fertilized control (N0); (ii) 50 kg N ha⁻¹ (N50); 90 kg N ha⁻¹ (N90); 130 kg N ha⁻¹ (N130); 170 kg N ha⁻¹ (N170); 210 kg N ha⁻¹ (N210). The yield of cured leaves appeared positively influenced by N fertilization but not at a rate higher than 170 kg ha⁻¹. N fertilization directly influenced nitrates and the total N content of cured leaves at all locations. The greater values of both parameters were reached at N130 or N90, respectively, at Vitulazio (CE), N170 at Bellizzi (SA), and N90 at San Giorgio del Sannio (BN). The fire holding capacity increased with N fertilization up to N170 treatment (12–13 s at CE and BN but just 8 s at SA). L* (brightness) decreased with increasing N fertilization giving cured leaves less bright and opaquer. The a/b ratio (a*, green/red; b*, blue/yellow) increased with N treatments producing cured leaves of dark hazelnut. The best scores were assigned to cured products obtained by plants fertilized with 170 kg N ha⁻¹. N-use efficiencies were negatively influenced by N fertilization. The best NUE and N-uptake efficiency was recorded in 2002 at Vitulazio (CE), in spite of a higher NO₃-N before N fertilization than other locations.

中文翻译：

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受氮强化管理影响的地中海地区（意大利南部）种植的白肋烟作物的产量反应、品质性状和氮利用效率

烟草是世界上广泛种植的一年生经济作物，通常需要大量的氮（N）才能获得最佳产量和质量。然而，考虑到可持续和环境友好的农业，对于这种作物，减少施氮是当务之急，但不会对腌制产品的产量和质量产生负面影响。因此，在 2002 年和 2003 年期间，在坎帕尼亚地区（意大利南部）的三个不同地点对轻质风干（白肋烟）烟草进行了田间试验，这些地区传统上种植优质轻质风干（白肋烟）烟草。在每个位置，将以下六种施氮处理与四次重复（块）进行比较：（i）未施肥对照（N0）；(ii) 50 kg N ha ^-1 (N50)；90 公斤 N 公顷^-1 (N90); 130 公斤 N ha ^-1 (N130)；170 公斤 N ha ^-1 (N170)；210 kg N ha ^-1 (N210)。施氮对腌制叶的产量有积极影响，但不高于 170 kg ha ^-1. 施氮直接影响所有位置的硝酸盐和腌制叶片的总氮含量。两个参数的较大值分别在 Vitulazio (CE)、N170 在 Bellizzi (SA) 和 N90 在 San Giorgio del Sannio (BN) 处达到 N130 或 N90。耐火能力随着施氮而增加，直至 N170 处理（CE 和 BN 为 12-13 秒，而 SA 仅为 8 秒）。L*（亮度）随着施氮量的增加而降低，导致腌制的叶子不那么明亮和不透明。a/b 比率（a*，绿色/红色；b*，蓝色/黄色）随着 N 处理而增加，产生黑榛子的腌制叶子。最好的分数被分配给用 170 kg N ha ^-1施肥的植物获得的腌制产品. 施氮对氮素利用效率产生负面影响。尽管施氮前的NO ₃ -N 高于其他地点，但 2002 年在 Vitulazio (CE) 记录了最佳 NUE 和 N 吸收效率。