Barley is one of the most important cereals growing in the Czech Republic. In this paper, we have evaluated how different fertilizer treatments (Control, N1 – 30 kg ha⁻¹ N, N2 – 60 kg ha⁻¹ N, NPK1 – 30, 60, 80 kg ha⁻¹, respectively, NPK2 – 60, 60, 80, and NPK3 – 90, 60, 80) affected spring barley grain yield under different soil–climate conditions (Caslav–degraded Chernozem, Ivanovice–Chernozem, Lukavec–Cambisol) between the years 2013 and 2016. The agronomic efficiency (AE) and the effect of the fertilizer treatments (Control, N2, NPK2) on soil properties (pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cox, Nt) were also evaluated. The spring barley grain yield was significantly affected by the fertilizer treatment and soil–climate conditions. Two different models (quadratic and linear-plateau) provided the maximum and reasonable doses of N, according to the soil–climate conditions. Application of mineral P and K slightly increased the AE. The regular application of mineral P and K fertilizers led to an increase in the P and K concentration in the soil, which maintains soil fertility and prevents soil depletion.

中文翻译：

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矿物施肥和土壤气候条件如何影响春大麦粮食产量和土壤化学性质

大麦是捷克共和国最重要的谷物之一。在本文中，我们评估了不同的肥料处理（对照，N1 – 30 kg ha ^-1 N，N2 – 60 kg ha ^-1 N，NPK1 – 30, 60, 80 kg ha ^-1, 分别是 NPK2 – 60, 60, 80 和 NPK3 – 90, 60, 80) 影响了 2013 年和2016. 还评估了农艺效率 (AE) 和肥料处理（对照、N2、NPK2）对土壤特性（pH、P、K、Ca、Mg、Cox、Nt）的影响。春大麦产量受施肥处理和土壤气候条件的影响显着。根据土壤气候条件，两种不同的模型（二次模型和线性平台模型）提供了最大和合理的 N 剂量。矿物磷和钾的应用略微增加了AE。定期施用矿物磷钾肥导致土壤中磷、钾浓度增加，