Priming of seeds is a simple and low-cost method in agriculture that improves plant growth, crop yield, and manages pathogens. The current study was carried out to determine SA seed priming effect on susceptibility and resistance of two wheat cultivars (Falat and Sumai3) to Fusarium graminearum at the seedling stage. Both the 1 and 2 mM SA-primed seeds showed a higher level of resistance against F. graminearum, as a lower disease incidence of 53% and 63% in the Falat and 48% and 76% in the Sumai3 was observed compared to the F. graminearum-inoculated water-primed control. Along with the increased resistance induced by SA priming, we observed increased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidases (POX) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), in addition to higher mRNA accumulation of PAL, β-1,3-glucanase (GLU-2), chitinase (CHI), cytochrome P450 (CYP), and pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR) genes compared to the water-primed F. graminearum-inoculated control. Therefore, SA seed priming is a suitable alternative to manage the incidence of F. graminearum infection by triggering plant defense responses.

种子引发是农业中一种简单且低成本的方法，可改善植物生长、作物产量并控制病原体。本研究旨在确定 SA 种子引发对两种小麦品种（Falat 和 Sumai3）在苗期对禾谷镰刀菌的敏感性和抗性的影响。无论是1和2mM SA-浸过水的种子显示出对抗耐更高级别的禾谷镰刀菌，如在Falat 53％和63％和48％，并在76 Sumai3％的较低发病率观察到相比于˚F . 禾本科-接种水引发的控制。随着 SA 引发引起的抗性增加，我们观察到超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、多酚氧化酶 (PPO)、过氧化物酶 (POX) 和苯丙氨酸解氨酶 (PAL) 的活性增加，此外PAL、 β- 1,3-葡聚糖酶（GLU-2 ），几丁质酶（CHI），细胞色素P450（CYP），和多效药物抗性（PDR相比水引发的）基因禾谷镰刀菌-inoculated控制。因此，SA 种子引发是控制禾谷镰刀菌发病率的合适替代方案 通过触发植物防御反应来感染。