Abstract

Cell functioning is tightly regulated process. For many years, research in the fields of proteomics and functional genomics has been focused on the role of proteins in cell functioning. The advances in science have led to the uncovering that short open reading frames, previously considered non-functional, serve a variety of functions. Short reading frames in polycistronic mRNAs often regulate their stability and translational efficiency of the main reading frame. The improvement of proteomic analysis methods has made it possible to identify the products of translation of short open reading frames in quantities that suggest the existence of functional role of those peptides and short proteins. Studies demonstrating their role unravel a new level of the regulation of cell functioning and its adaptation to changing conditions. This review is devoted to the analysis of functions of recently discovered peptides and short proteins.

中文翻译：

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小而大声。小蛋白质和肽的功能多样性——短阅读框架的翻译产物

摘要

细胞功能是受到严格调控的过程。多年来，蛋白质组学和功能基因组学领域的研究一直集中在蛋白质在细胞功能中的作用上。科学的进步导致人们发现，以前被认为是非功能性的短开放阅读框架具有多种功能。多顺反子 mRNA 中的短阅读框通常调节它们的稳定性和主要阅读框的翻译效率。蛋白质组学分析方法的改进使得识别短开放阅读框的翻译产物成为可能，其数量表明这些肽和短蛋白的功能作用的存在。证明它们作用的研究揭示了细胞功能调节及其对不断变化的条件的适应的新水平。