Increases in technology use, among youth and adults, are concerning given the volume of information produced and disseminated in the modern world. Conceptual models have been developed to understand how people manage the large volume of information encountered during intentional learning activities with technology. What, if anything, do people learn when they happen upon news and other information while using technology for purposes other than learning? Questions like this highlight the need to understand incidental learning, i.e., learning that occurs when people, who are pursuing a goal other than learning such as entertainment, encounter information that leads to a change in thinking or behavior. In this article, we integrate theory and research from multiple scholarly literatures into the Technology Incidental Learning Effects (TILE) model, which provides a framework for future research on how incidental learning occurs and what factors affect this process. Current research on incidental learning can be informed by educational psychology scholarship on dual-processing, motivation, interest, source evaluation, and knowledge reconstruction. The TILE model points to many promising future directions for research with direct implications for modern society, including the need to better understand how and why people move from merely noticing to engaging with incidentally exposed information as well as how to help people successfully manage the large amounts of information they encounter when using technology for purposes other than learning.

考虑到现代世界产生和传播的信息量，年轻人和成年人中技术使用的增加令人担忧。已经开发了概念模型来了解人们如何使用技术管理有意学习活动中遇到的大量信息。当人们将技术用于学习以外的目的时，他们会在新闻和其他信息上学到什么（如果有的话）？像这样的问题突出了理解偶然学习的必要性，即当人们追求学习以外的目标（例如娱乐）遇到导致思维或行为改变的信息时发生的学习。在本文中，我们将多个学术文献的理论和研究整合到技术附带学习效果（TILE）模型中，这为未来关于偶然学习如何发生以及影响这一过程的因素的研究提供了一个框架。目前关于偶然学习的研究可以通过教育心理学关于双重处理、动机、兴趣、来源评估和知识重建的研究来提供信息。TILE 模型指出了许多对现代社会有直接影响的未来研究方向，包括需要更好地理解人们如何以及为什么从仅仅注意到偶然暴露的信息，以及如何帮助人们成功地管理大量信息他们在将技术用于学习以外的目的时遇到的信息。目前关于偶然学习的研究可以通过教育心理学关于双重处理、动机、兴趣、来源评估和知识重建的研究来提供信息。TILE 模型指出了许多对现代社会有直接影响的未来研究方向，包括需要更好地理解人们如何以及为什么从仅仅注意到偶然暴露的信息，以及如何帮助人们成功地管理大量信息他们在将技术用于学习以外的目的时遇到的信息。目前关于偶然学习的研究可以通过教育心理学关于双重处理、动机、兴趣、来源评估和知识重建的研究来提供信息。TILE 模型指出了许多对现代社会有直接影响的未来研究方向，包括需要更好地理解人们如何以及为什么从仅仅注意到偶然暴露的信息，以及如何帮助人们成功地管理大量信息他们在将技术用于学习以外的目的时遇到的信息。