Occurrence of stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. avenae, on oat fields in Europe may lead to significant yield losses. The last P. graminis virulence research in this region had been carried out in the years 1988 to 1996, therefore the aim of this study was the update of pathogen’s virulence structure as well as the evaluation of Pg race-specific resistance genes and their potential for use in practical breeding in central and eastern European growing conditions. To assess the pathotype structure of P. graminis in Poland and evaluate the potential of Pg resistance genes, 148 isolates were collected during 2017–2020. Their virulence structure was determined in laboratory conditions on 12 Pg differentials as well as oat lines ‘Pg-a’, ‘Alpha’, ‘Omega’ and ‘Wisconsin X-1588-2’. In total, 57 pathotypes were detected, of which the most dominant race was SSK. High frequency was also recorded for TSK, TKK and TTK. Puccinia graminis isolates were able to overcome from 5 to 11 Pg resistance genes with an average virulence complexity of 8.6. There was no isolate virulent to Pg12, ‘Pg-a’, ‘Alpha’ and ‘Omega’, hence these genes can be used in the breeding programmes. Gene Pg10 was also relatively effective, overcome by 33 out of 148 P. graminis isolates. The virulence profile observed may be representative of eastern Europe and beyond.

茎锈病的发生，由禾本科 Puccinia graminis f.引起。sp. 燕麦，在欧洲的燕麦田可能会导致显着的产量损失。该地区最近一次禾本科的毒力研究是在1988-1996年进行的，因此本研究的目的是更新病原菌的毒力结构，评估白鹳种特异性抗性基因及其对抗病菌的潜力。用于中欧和东欧生长条件下的实际育种。评估波兰禾本科的致病型结构并评估Pg的潜力抗性基因，2017-2020 年收集了 148 个分离株。它们的毒力结构是在实验室条件下对 12 Pg差异以及燕麦品系 'Pg-a'、'Alpha'、'Omega' 和 'Wisconsin X-1588-2' 确定的。共检测到 57 种致病型，其中最主要的种族是 SSK。还记录了 TSK、TKK 和 TTK 的高频。Puccinia graminis分离株能够克服 5 到 11 个Pg抗性基因，平均毒力复杂性为 8.6。没有对Pg12、 'Pg-a'、'Alpha'和'Omega'毒力的分离株，因此这些基因可用于育种计划。基因PG10也是比较有效的，由33个148个克服P.菌隔离。观察到的毒力分布可能代表东欧及其他地区。