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A multi-scale, multi-species approach highlights the importance of urban greenspace and pond design for amphibian communities
Urban Ecosystems ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-08 , DOI: 10.1007/s11252-021-01162-y
Andrew J. Hamer 1, 2
Affiliation  

Urbanisation threatens species through habitat loss, isolation and fragmentation. Greenspace in urban landscapes often provides connectivity and habitat for wetland-dependent species. Accessible greenspace measures the combined effects of movement barriers (e.g., roads) and the total amount of greenspace on populations. I determined whether accessible greenspace was a better predictor of amphibian occupancy at ponds than the total amount of greenspace, and at what spatial scale. I also assessed the relative importance of habitat variables at the local pond-scale. Frog surveys were conducted at 65 ponds distributed along an urban–rural gradient over two breeding seasons in the greater Melbourne region, Australia. Accessible greenspace was mapped around ponds at varying spatial scales (250 m – 2000 m) using potential barriers to amphibian movement. The best-ranked multi-species occupancy model included the proportion of total greenspace within a 1000-m radius of a pond and four local-scale covariates (presence of mosquitofish, pond permanence, vertical pond walls and water conductivity). There was no support for models containing accessible greenspace. There was a positive relationship between the probability of community and species-level occupancy and total greenspace within 1000 m of a pond. There was a negative relationship between mean community occupancy and the presence of a vertical pond wall at a site. There was no apparent effect of barriers on occupancy, indicating that urban areas may be more permeable for movement by some species than predicted. Individual species responses demonstrated that management actions are required at fine and broad spatial scales to benefit amphibian communities in urban landscapes.



中文翻译:

多尺度、多物种的方法强调了城市绿地和池塘设计对两栖动物社区的重要性

城市化通过栖息地丧失、隔离和破碎化威胁到物种。城市景观中的绿地通常为依赖湿地的物种提供连通性和栖息地。无障碍绿地衡量移动障碍(例如道路)和绿地总量对人口的综合影响。我确定了可接近的绿地是否比绿地总量更能预测池塘两栖动物的居住情况,以及在什么空间尺度上。我还评估了当地池塘尺度栖息地变量的相对重要性。在澳大利亚大墨尔本地区的两个繁殖季节,在沿城乡梯度分布的 65 个池塘中进行了青蛙调查。利用两栖动物运动的潜在障碍,在不同空间尺度(250 m - 2000 m)的池塘周围绘制了可进入的绿地。排名最高的多物种占用模型包括池塘半径 1000 米内总绿地的比例和四个局部尺度协变量(蚊鱼的存在、池塘永久性、垂直池塘壁和水电导率)。不支持包含可访问绿地的模型。群落概率和物种水平占有率与池塘 1000 m 内的总绿地之间存在正相关关系。平均社区占用率与场地垂直池墙的存在之间存在负相关关系。障碍对入住率没有明显影响,表明城市地区可能比预测的更容易渗透某些物种的移动。

更新日期:2021-09-09
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