Recently, Curcuma rhizome-related foods with claimed health benefits have been used worldwide; however, correct identification and quality assessment have not been conducted. Due to the wide distribution and morphological similarities of Curcuma species, the classification of some species is debated and nomenclature is inconsistent among countries. In this study, to elucidate specific molecular markers of medicinally used Curcuma species in Asia, and to solve the confusion on the reported botanical origin of crude drugs, molecular analysis based on the intron length polymorphism (ILP) in genes encoding diketide-CoA synthase and curcumin synthase and the trnK intron sequences was performed using 59 plant specimens and 42 crude drug samples from 13 Curcuma species, obtained from Asian countries. The ILP patterns of the respective species from both plant specimens and crude drug samples revealed high consistency in C. aromatica, C. zedoaria, C. phaeocaulis, C. aeruginosa, C. wenyujin, and C. zanthorrhiza, but showed intraspecies polymorphism in C. longa, C. kwangsiensis, C. amada, C. mangga and C. comosa. The C. longa specimens and samples were separated into three subgroups which were highly consistent with their geographical origins. Based on the ILP markers and the trnK intron sequences, the botanical origins of “Khamin oi” from Thailand were correctly determined to be C. longa or a hybrid between C. longa and other species, and “Wan narn kum” from Thailand and “Kasturi manjal” from India were correctly determined to be C. zanthorrhiza.

最近，声称对健康有益的姜黄根茎相关食品已在世界范围内使用；但是，尚未进行正确的识别和质量评估。由于姜黄种的广泛分布和形态相似性，一些物种的分类存在争议，各国之间的命名也不一致。在本研究中，为了阐明亚洲药用姜黄属物种的特异性分子标记，并解决生药植物来源报道的混淆，基于编码二酮辅酶 A 合酶和姜黄素合成酶和trnK 内含子序列是使用来自亚洲国家的13 种姜黄属植物的 59 份植物标本和 42 份生药样品进行的。植物标本和生药材样品中各物种的ILP图谱均显示在香樟、莪术、紫茎、铜绿假单胞菌、温玉金和花椒中具有高度一致性，但在C.中显示出种内多态性. longa、C. kwangsiensis、C. amada、C. mangga和C. comosa。C. longa标本和样品被分成三个与其地理来源高度一致的亚组。根据ILP标记和trn K内含子序列，正确确定泰国“Khamin oi”的植物来源为C. longa或C. longa与其他物种的杂交种，以及来自泰国的“Wan narn kum”来自印度的“Kasturi manjal”被正确判定为C. zanthorrhiza。