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Association between the urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio and renal outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease: a prospective cohort study
Hypertension Research ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-03 , DOI: 10.1038/s41440-021-00741-y
Yuta Matsukuma 1 , Masaru Nakayama 1 , Susumu Tsuda 1 , Akiko Fukui 1 , Ryota Yoshitomi 1 , Kazuhiko Tsuruya 2 , Toshiaki Nakano 3 , Takanari Kitazono 3
Affiliation  

A higher urinary sodium-to-potassium (UNa/K) ratio has been reported to be associated with high blood pressure and subsequent cardiovascular events. However, the association between the UNa/K ratio and renal outcomes remains uncertain. We prospectively investigated the association between the UNa/K ratio and renal outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We enrolled 716 patients with CKD, and 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion were measured. Patients were divided into UNa/K ratio tertiles (T1–T3). Endpoints were defined as a composite of doubling of serum creatinine (SCr), end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), or death and a composite of doubling of SCr or ESKD (added as an alternative outcome). We investigated the association between the UNa/K ratio and renal outcomes using a Cox proportional hazards model. During a median follow-up of 2.3 years, doubling of SCr, ESKD, or death and doubling of SCr or ESKD occurred in 332 and 293 patients, respectively. After adjustment for covariates including potentially confounding variables such as plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone concentration, and B-type natriuretic peptide, the hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) for the composite of doubling of SCr, ESKD, or death for T2 and T3 were 1.44 (1.06–1.96) and 1.59 (1.14–2.21), respectively, compared with T1. Additionally, compared with T1, the highest tertile (T3) of the UNa/K ratio was associated with a composite of doubling of SCr or ESKD (HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.09–2.20). A higher UNa/K ratio was independently associated with poor renal outcomes in patients with CKD.



中文翻译:

慢性肾脏病患者尿钠钾比与肾脏结局的关系:一项前瞻性队列研究

据报道,较高的尿钠钾 (UNa/K) 比与高血压和随后的心血管事件有关。然而,UNa/K 比值与肾脏结局之间的关联仍不确定。我们前瞻性地调查了慢性肾脏病 (CKD) 患者的 UNa/K 比值与肾脏结局之间的关联。我们招募了 716 名 CKD 患者,并测量了 24 小时尿钠和钾的排泄量。将患者分为 UNa/K 比率三分位数(T1-T3)。终点定义为血清肌酐 (SCr)、终末期肾病 (ESKD) 或死亡加倍的复合终点,以及 SCr 或 ESKD 加倍的复合终点(作为替代结果添加)。我们使用 Cox 比例风险模型研究了 UNa/K 比值与肾脏结果之间的关联。在 2.3 年的中位随访期间,分别有 332 和 293 名患者的 SCr、ESKD 或死亡和 SCr 或 ESKD 加倍发生。在调整协变量(包括血浆肾素活性、血浆醛固酮浓度和 B 型利钠肽等潜在混杂变量)后,SCr、ESKD、与 T1 相比,T2 和 T3 的死亡或死亡分别为 1.44 (1.06-1.96) 和 1.59 (1.14-2.21)。此外,与 T1 相比,UNa/K 比率的最高三分位数 (T3) 与 SCr 或 ESKD 加倍的复合相关(HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.09-2.20)。较高的 UNa/K 比值与 CKD 患者的不良肾脏结局独立相关。分别有 332 和 293 名患者发生死亡和 SCr 或 ESKD 加倍。在调整协变量(包括血浆肾素活性、血浆醛固酮浓度和 B 型利钠肽等潜在混杂变量)后,SCr、ESKD、与 T1 相比,T2 和 T3 的死亡或死亡分别为 1.44 (1.06-1.96) 和 1.59 (1.14-2.21)。此外,与 T1 相比,UNa/K 比率的最高三分位数 (T3) 与 SCr 或 ESKD 加倍的复合相关(HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.09-2.20)。较高的 UNa/K 比值与 CKD 患者的不良肾脏结局独立相关。分别有 332 和 293 名患者发生死亡和 SCr 或 ESKD 加倍。在调整协变量(包括血浆肾素活性、血浆醛固酮浓度和 B 型利钠肽等潜在混杂变量)后,SCr、ESKD、与 T1 相比,T2 和 T3 的死亡或死亡分别为 1.44 (1.06-1.96) 和 1.59 (1.14-2.21)。此外,与 T1 相比,UNa/K 比率的最高三分位数 (T3) 与 SCr 或 ESKD 加倍的复合相关(HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.09-2.20)。较高的 UNa/K 比值与 CKD 患者的不良肾脏结局独立相关。在调整协变量(包括血浆肾素活性、血浆醛固酮浓度和 B 型利钠肽等潜在混杂变量)后,SCr、ESKD、与 T1 相比,T2 和 T3 的死亡或死亡分别为 1.44 (1.06-1.96) 和 1.59 (1.14-2.21)。此外,与 T1 相比,UNa/K 比率的最高三分位数 (T3) 与 SCr 或 ESKD 加倍的复合相关(HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.09-2.20)。较高的 UNa/K 比值与 CKD 患者的不良肾脏结局独立相关。在调整协变量(包括血浆肾素活性、血浆醛固酮浓度和 B 型利钠肽等潜在混杂变量)后,SCr、ESKD、与 T1 相比,T2 和 T3 的死亡或死亡分别为 1.44 (1.06-1.96) 和 1.59 (1.14-2.21)。此外,与 T1 相比,UNa/K 比率的最高三分位数 (T3) 与 SCr 或 ESKD 加倍的复合相关(HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.09-2.20)。较高的 UNa/K 比值与 CKD 患者的不良肾脏结局独立相关。与 T1 相比,分别为 96)和 1.59(1.14-2.21)。此外,与 T1 相比,UNa/K 比率的最高三分位数 (T3) 与 SCr 或 ESKD 加倍的复合相关(HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.09-2.20)。较高的 UNa/K 比值与 CKD 患者的不良肾脏结局独立相关。与 T1 相比,分别为 96)和 1.59(1.14-2.21)。此外,与 T1 相比,UNa/K 比率的最高三分位数 (T3) 与 SCr 或 ESKD 加倍的复合相关(HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.09-2.20)。较高的 UNa/K 比值与 CKD 患者的不良肾脏结局独立相关。

更新日期:2021-09-03
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