CD4⁺ T cells play an essential role in orchestrating adequate immunity, but their overactivity has been associated with the development of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, including liver inflammatory diseases. These cells can be subclassified according to their maturation stage, cytokine profile, and pro or anti-inflammatory functions, i.e., functional heterogeneity. In this review, we summarize what has been discovered so far regarding the role of the different CD4⁺ T cell polarization states in the progression of two prominent and still different liver inflammatory diseases: non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Finally, the potential of CD4⁺ T cells as a therapeutic target in both NASH and AIH is discussed.

CD4 ⁺ T 细胞在协调足够的免疫方面发挥着重要作用，但它们的过度活跃与免疫介导的炎症性疾病（包括肝脏炎症性疾病）的发展有关。这些细胞可以根据它们的成熟阶段、细胞因子谱和促炎或抗炎功能（即功能异质性）进行细分。在这篇综述中，我们总结了迄今为止发现的关于不同 CD4 ⁺ T 细胞极化状态在两种突出但仍然不同的肝脏炎症疾病进展中的作用：非酒精性脂肪性肝炎 (NASH) 和自身免疫性肝炎 (AIH) . 最后，讨论了 CD4 ⁺ T 细胞作为 NASH 和 AIH 治疗靶点的潜力。