In this work, we evaluated genetic diversity and population structure in eighty-eight Aegilops accessions using several physio-chemical traits such as shoot fresh and dry biomasses (SFW and SDW), photosynthetic pigments and activity of several antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), as well as 24 simple sequence repeat markers (SSR) under two control and water deficit stress conditions. The results indicated that water deficit stress dramatically affected SFW, SDW and photosynthetic pigments, while activity of all antioxidant enzymes were increased by water deficit stress compared to the control conditions. Statistical analysis of the phenotypic data showed a significant level of variation among the 88 investigated accessions. The results of correlation analysis showed that under both conditions photosynthetic pigments had a significant correlation with each other. The correlation between SDW and the activity of APX was positive and significant. The results of AMOVA using 24 SSR markers revealed that the genetic diversity observed among populations is more than within populations. Multivariate analyses grouped all investigated accessions in the clear groups based on their genomic constitutions. Based on results, 17 and 16 markers showed significant association with the measured traits under control and water deficit stress conditions, respectively. Our findings showed eight MTAs showed sufficiently stable expression across both control and stress conditions. Furthermore, several markers, especially Xgwm-455 associated with multiple traits across both conditions. In conclusion, these results could contribute to completing knowledge of the genetics and breeding for key physio-chemical properties.

在这项工作中，我们评估了 88 只Aegilops 的遗传多样性和种群结构使用几种理化性状，例如新鲜和干燥的生物质（SFW 和 SDW）、光合色素和几种抗氧化酶的活性（例如过氧化氢酶、愈创木酚过氧化物酶、过氧化物酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶 (APX)，以及 24 个简单序列）的种质两种控制和缺水胁迫条件下的重复标记（SSR）。结果表明，与对照条件相比，缺水胁迫显着影响了SFW、SDW和光合色素，而缺水胁迫增加了所有抗氧化酶的活性。表型数据的统计分析显示，88 个研究的种质之间存在显着差异。相关性分析结果表明，两种条件下光合色素均具有显着相关性。SDW与APX活性呈正相关且显着。AMOVA 使用 24 个 SSR 标记的结果表明，在种群间观察到的遗传多样性大于种群内。多变量分析根据其基因组构成将所有研究的种质归入明确的组中。根据结果​​，分别有 17 个和 16 个标记与对照和缺水胁迫条件下的测量性状显着相关。我们的研究结果表明，八个 MTA 在控制和压力条件下都表现出足够稳定的表达。此外，还有几个标记，尤其是 多变量分析根据其基因组构成将所有研究的种质归入明确的组中。根据结果​​，分别有 17 个和 16 个标记与对照和缺水胁迫条件下的测量性状显着相关。我们的研究结果表明，八个 MTA 在控制和压力条件下都表现出足够稳定的表达。此外，还有几个标记，尤其是 多变量分析根据其基因组构成将所有研究的种质归入明确的组中。根据结果​​，分别有 17 个和 16 个标记与对照和缺水胁迫条件下的测量性状显着相关。我们的研究结果表明，八个 MTA 在控制和压力条件下都表现出足够稳定的表达。此外，还有几个标记，尤其是Xgwm-455与两种条件下的多个特征相关。总之，这些结果有助于完善关键理化特性的遗传学和育种知识。